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  • 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases  (2)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology  (2)
  • E52
  • J24
  • Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
  • 2010-2014  (4)
  • 2014  (4)
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Keywords
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  • 2010-2014  (4)
Year
  • 1
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    Origin and interactions of fluids circulating over the Amik Basin (Hatay, Turkey) and relationships with the hydrologic, geologic and tectonic settings (2014)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-15
    Description: We investigated the geochemical features of the fluids circulating over the Amik Basin (SE Turkey–Syria border), which is crossed by the Northern extension of theDSF (Dead Sea Fault) and represents the boundary area of three tectonic plates (Anatolian, Arabian and African plates). We collected 34 water samples (thermal and cold from natural springs and boreholes) as well as 8 gas samples (bubbling and gas seepage) besides the gases dissolved in the sampled waters. The results show that the dissolved gas phase is a mixture of shallow (atmospheric) and deep components either of mantle and crustal origin. Coherently the sampled waters are variable mixtures of shallow and deep ground waters, the latter being characterised by higher salinity and longer residence times. The deep groundwaters (fromboreholes deeper than 1000 m)have a CH4-dominated dissolved gas phase related to the presence of hydrocarbon reservoirs. The very unique tectonic setting of the area includes the presence of an ophiolitic block outcropping in the westernmost area on the African Plate, as well as basalts located to the North and East on the Arabic Plate. The diffuse presence of CO2-enriched gases, although diluted by the huge groundwater circulation, testifies a regional degassing activity. Fluids circulating over the ophiolitic block are marked by H2-dominated gases with abiogenic methane and high-pH waters. The measured 3He/4He isotopic ratios display contributions from both crustal and mantle-derived sources over both sides of the DSF. Although the serpentinization process is generally independent from mantle-type contribution, the recorded helium isotopic ratios highlight variable contents of mantle-derived fluids. Due to the absence of recent volcanism over the western side of the basin (African Plate), we argue that CO2-rich volatiles carrying mantle-type helium and enriched in heavy carbon, are degassed by deep-rooted regional faults rather than from volcanic sources.
    Description: Published
    Description: 23–39
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Dead Sea Fault ; Hydrogeochemistry ; Gas geochemistry ; He isotopes ; C isotopes ; Ophiolites ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.03. Groundwater processes ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.02. Carbon cycling ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.03. Chemistry of waters ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    The recent seismicity of Mt. Vesuvius: perspectives for future seismological monitoring systems (2014)
    Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We have analyzed the recent seismicity of Mt. Vesuvius, with particular emphasis on the period 1999-2012. Since 1972 continuous observations with electromagnetic seismometers allowed the compilation of a detailed earthquake catalogue for the station OVO. Furthermore since 1999 another, more complete, catalogue for the station BKE, closer to the crater, is available. The Gutenberg-Richter distribution of magnitudes shows a temporal decrease of the b-value since 1985, with current values close to 1.0. The temporal pattern of the strain release shows a non-stationary behavior with periods of increased release rates (as in 1989-1990, 1995-1996 and 1999-2000). The spatial distribution of the seismicity consists in two main seismogenic volumes, one with hypocenters clustered below the Mt. Vesuvius crater at depths mostly between 1-6 km, and another with hypocenters clustered within the Gran Cono volcanic edifice, with depths above the sea level. We compare the statistical properties of the seismicity occurring within these two volumes and their spatial and temporal patterns. Moreover we analyze the statistical distribution of focal mechanisms for each volume. Our results point to gravity-induced stresses as the source of the shallow seismicity and of a combined effect of crustal heterogeneities, regional stress and hydrothermal dynamics for the deeper seismicity. Finally we discuss possible future developments of the seismic monitoring system in the light of the past and current seismicity.
    Description: Published
    Description: S0442
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Mt. Vesuvius ; seismological monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    A geochemical traverse along the “Sperchios Basin e Evoikos Gulf” graben (Central Greece): Origin and evolution of the emitted fluids (2014)
    Elsevier Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The studied area is a 130 km long fast spreading graben in Central Greece. Its complex geodynamical setting includes both the presence of a subduction slab at depth responsible for the recent (Quaternary) volcanic activity in the area and the western termination of a tectonic lineament of regional importance (the North-Anatolian fault). A high geothermal gradient is made evident by the presence of many thermal springs with temperatures from 19 to 82 C, that discharge along the normal faults bordering the graben. In the period 2004e2012, 58 gas and 69 water samples were collected and their chemical and isotopic analysis revealed a wide range of compositions. Two main groups of thermal waters can be distinguished on the basis of their chemical composition. The first, represented by dilute waters (E.C. 〈0.6 mS/cm) of the westernmost sites, is characterised by the presence of CH4-rich and mixed N2eCH4 gases. The second displays higher salinities (E.C. from 12 to 56 mS/cm) due to mixing with a modified marine component. Reservoir temperatures of 150e160 C were estimated with cationic geothermometers at the easternmost sites. Along the graben, from west to east, the gas composition changes from CH4- to CO2-dominated through mixed N2eCH4 and N2eCO2 compositions, while at the same time the He isotopic composition goes from typical crustal values (〈0.1 R/RA) up to 0.87 R/RA, showing in the easternmost sites a small (3e11%) but significant mantle input. The d13C values of the CO2-rich samples suggest a mixed origin (mantle and marine carbonates).
    Description: Published
    Description: 295-308
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Rift zone ; geothermal activity ; Helium isotopes ; Carbon isotopes ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.02. Hydrological processes: interaction, transport, dynamics ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.03. Groundwater processes ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.03. Chemistry of waters ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.06. Hydrothermal systems ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    Predictive analysis of the seismicity level at Campi Flegrei volcano using a data-driven approach (2014)
    Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: This work aims to provide a short-term tool to estimate the possible trend of the seismicity level in the area of Campi Flegrei (southern Italy) for Civil Protection purposes. During the last relevant period of seismic activity, between 1982 and 1984, an uplift of the ground (bradyseism) of more than 1.5 m occurred. It was accompanied by more than 16,000 earthquakes up to magnitude 4.2 which forced the civil authorities to order the evacuation of about 40,000 people from Pozzuoli town for several months. Scientific studies evidenced a temporal correlation between these geophysical phenomena. This has led us to consider a data-driven approach to obtain a forecast of the seismicity level for this area. In particular, a technique based on a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) network has been used for this intent. Neural networks are data processing mechanisms capable of relating input data with output ones without any prior correlation model but only using empirical evidences obtained from the analysis of available data. The proposed method has been tested on a set of seismic and deformation data acquired between 1983 and 1985 and then including the data of the aforementioned crisis which affected the Campi Flegrei. Once defined the seismicity levels on the basis of the maximum magnitude recorded within a week, three MLP networks were implemented with respectively 2, 3 and 4 output classes. The first network (2 classes) provides only an indication about the possible occurrence of earthquakes felt by people (with magnitude higher than 1.7), while the remaining nets (3 and 4 classes) give also a rough suggestion of their intensity. Furthermore, for these last two networks one of the output classes allows to obtain a forecast about the possible occurrence of strong potentially damaging earthquakes with magnitude higher than 3.5. Each network has been trained on a fixed interval and then tested for the forecast on the subsequent period. The results show that the performance decreases as a function of the complexity of the examined task that is the number of covered classes. However, the obtained results are very promising, for which the proposed system deserves further studies since it could be of support to the Civil Protection operations in the case of possible future crises.
    Description: Published
    Description: 133-144
    Description: 5V. Sorveglianza vulcanica ed emergenze
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Campi Flegrei volcano ; seismicity forecast ; MLP neural networks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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