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  • Articles  (7)
  • Adult
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (7)
  • American Chemical Society
  • Springer
  • 2010-2014  (7)
  • 1980-1984
  • 2012  (7)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2012-06-08
    Description: The mammalian intestinal tract is colonized by trillions of beneficial commensal bacteria that are anatomically restricted to specific niches. However, the mechanisms that regulate anatomical containment remain unclear. Here, we show that interleukin-22 (IL-22)-producing innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are present in intestinal tissues of healthy mammals. Depletion of ILCs resulted in peripheral dissemination of commensal bacteria and systemic inflammation, which was prevented by administration of IL-22. Disseminating bacteria were identified as Alcaligenes species originating from host lymphoid tissues. Alcaligenes was sufficient to promote systemic inflammation after ILC depletion in mice, and Alcaligenes-specific systemic immune responses were associated with Crohn's disease and progressive hepatitis C virus infection in patients. Collectively, these data indicate that ILCs regulate selective containment of lymphoid-resident bacteria to prevent systemic inflammation associated with chronic diseases.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3659421/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3659421/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sonnenberg, Gregory F -- Monticelli, Laurel A -- Alenghat, Theresa -- Fung, Thomas C -- Hutnick, Natalie A -- Kunisawa, Jun -- Shibata, Naoko -- Grunberg, Stephanie -- Sinha, Rohini -- Zahm, Adam M -- Tardif, Melanie R -- Sathaliyawala, Taheri -- Kubota, Masaru -- Farber, Donna L -- Collman, Ronald G -- Shaked, Abraham -- Fouser, Lynette A -- Weiner, David B -- Tessier, Philippe A -- Friedman, Joshua R -- Kiyono, Hiroshi -- Bushman, Frederic D -- Chang, Kyong-Mi -- Artis, David -- 2-P30 CA016520/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- AI061570/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI074878/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI083480/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI087990/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI095466/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI095608/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI47619/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- K08 DK093784/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- K08-DK093784/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 AI 045008/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P30DK50306/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI061570/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI074878/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI095466/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI102942/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI083480/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI087990/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007532/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI055428/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 RR007063/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- T32-AI007532/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32-AI055428/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32-RR007063/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI095608/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jun 8;336(6086):1321-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1222551. Epub 2012 Jun 6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22674331" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Alcaligenes/immunology/isolation & purification/*physiology ; Animals ; Bacterial Translocation ; Crohn Disease/immunology/microbiology ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/immunology/microbiology ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Inflammation ; Interleukins/administration & dosage/biosynthesis/*immunology ; Intestines/*immunology/microbiology ; Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex/metabolism ; Liver/microbiology ; Lymph Nodes/immunology ; Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Lymphoid Tissue/*immunology/*microbiology ; Macaca mulatta ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Middle Aged ; Spleen/microbiology ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2012-11-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Normile, Dennis -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Nov 23;338(6110):1026-7. doi: 10.1126/science.338.6110.1026.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23180842" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Sex Factors ; Suicide/*statistics & numerical data/*trends ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2012-10-16
    Description: Every day people make new choices between alternatives that they have never directly experienced. Yet, such decisions are often made rapidly and confidently. Here, we show that the hippocampus, traditionally known for its role in building long-term declarative memories, enables the spread of value across memories, thereby guiding decisions between new choice options. Using functional brain imaging in humans, we discovered that giving people monetary rewards led to activation of a preestablished network of memories, spreading the positive value of reward to nonrewarded items stored in memory. Later, people were biased to choose these nonrewarded items. This decision bias was predicted by activity in the hippocampus, reactivation of associated memories, and connectivity between memory and reward regions in the brain. These findings explain how choices among new alternatives emerge automatically from the associative mechanisms by which the brain builds memories. Further, our findings demonstrate a previously unknown role for the hippocampus in value-based decisions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wimmer, G Elliott -- Shohamy, Daphna -- R03-DA026957/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Oct 12;338(6104):270-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1223252.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23066083" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; *Association ; Decision Making/*physiology ; Female ; Hippocampus/*physiology ; Humans ; Memory/*physiology ; Neuroimaging ; *Reward ; Social Values ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2012-02-04
    Description: Addiction to drugs is a major contemporary public health issue, characterized by maladaptive behavior to obtain and consume an increasing amount of drugs at the expense of the individual's health and social and personal life. We discovered abnormalities in fronto-striatal brain systems implicated in self-control in both stimulant-dependent individuals and their biological siblings who have no history of chronic drug abuse; these findings support the idea of an underlying neurocognitive endophenotype for stimulant drug addiction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ersche, Karen D -- Jones, P Simon -- Williams, Guy B -- Turton, Abigail J -- Robbins, Trevor W -- Bullmore, Edward T -- 093875/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- G0701497/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Feb 3;335(6068):601-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1214463.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute and Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. ke220@cam.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22301321" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Amphetamine-Related Disorders/*pathology/physiopathology/*psychology ; Anisotropy ; Behavior, Addictive/*pathology/physiopathology/*psychology ; Brain/*abnormalities/pathology/physiology/physiopathology ; Brain Mapping ; Cocaine-Related Disorders/*pathology/physiopathology/*psychology ; Corpus Striatum/abnormalities/pathology/physiopathology ; Disease Susceptibility ; Endophenotypes ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/abnormalities/pathology/physiopathology ; Humans ; Inhibition (Psychology) ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neural Pathways ; Reaction Time ; Siblings ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2012-07-07
    Description: To make adaptive decisions in a social context, humans must identify relevant agents in the environment, infer their underlying strategies and motivations, and predict their upcoming actions. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging, in conjunction with combinatorial multivariate pattern analysis, to predict human participants' subsequent decisions in an incentive-compatible poker game. We found that signals from the temporal-parietal junction provided unique information about the nature of the upcoming decision, and that information was specific to decisions against agents who were both social and relevant for future behavior.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3563331/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3563331/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carter, R McKell -- Bowling, Daniel L -- Reeck, Crystal -- Huettel, Scott A -- 5T32-NS051156-04/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01 NS041328/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01-41328/PHS HHS/ -- R01 MH070685/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH086712/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01-70685/PHS HHS/ -- R01-86712/PHS HHS/ -- T32 NS051156/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jul 6;337(6090):109-11. doi: 10.1126/science.1219681.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22767930" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Brain Mapping ; Computers ; *Decision Making ; Female ; Games, Experimental ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Motivation ; Multivariate Analysis ; Parietal Lobe/*physiology ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; *Social Behavior ; Temporal Lobe/*physiology ; User-Computer Interface ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2012-06-23
    Description: Identifying social influence in networks is critical to understanding how behaviors spread. We present a method that uses in vivo randomized experimentation to identify influence and susceptibility in networks while avoiding the biases inherent in traditional estimates of social contagion. Estimation in a representative sample of 1.3 million Facebook users showed that younger users are more susceptible to influence than older users, men are more influential than women, women influence men more than they influence other women, and married individuals are the least susceptible to influence in the decision to adopt the product offered. Analysis of influence and susceptibility together with network structure revealed that influential individuals are less susceptible to influence than noninfluential individuals and that they cluster in the network while susceptible individuals do not, which suggests that influential people with influential friends may be instrumental in the spread of this product in the network.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aral, Sinan -- Walker, Dylan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jul 20;337(6092):337-41. doi: 10.1126/science.1215842. Epub 2012 Jun 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Stern School of Business, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA. sinan@stern.nyu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22722253" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Friends/*psychology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; *Leadership ; Local Area Networks ; Male ; *Peer Group ; Psychological Techniques ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/*methods ; *Social Identification ; *Social Networking ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2012-08-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Futterman, Donna -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Aug 17;337(6096):799. doi: 10.1126/science.337.6096.799-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22903996" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/diagnosis/*epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; *Hiv ; Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; Male ; United States/epidemiology ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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