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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics  (2)
  • Modelling  (2)
  • Elsevier  (4)
  • American Institute of Physics
  • 2010-2014  (4)
  • 1980-1984
  • 2014
  • 2010  (4)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 2010-2014  (4)
  • 1980-1984
Year
  • 1
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    Analysis of small magnitude seismic sequences along the Northern Apennines (Italy) (2010)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We analyze the seismicity of a small sector of the Northern Apennines merging data from the Italian seismic bulletin with original data collected by temporary seismic networks. Our attention is focused on the region enclosed between the Apenninic watershed and the Adriatic Sea. This portion of belt is interested by the occurrence of diffuse crustal seismicity and small-to-moderate earthquakes. In this paper we study the five small sequences with mainshock having Mw 〈 4.7 that in the past 15 years hit the area. Our interest is addressed to better understand the relationship between these events and the regional seismotectonic setting in terms of seismicity distribution and stress field. Two regions with different behavior in the seismic release can be distinguished: (i) along the watershed where seismicity is clustered at shallow depths (〈 15 km) and where strong earthquakes occurred in the past, (ii) an eastern portion where the seismicity is distributed across all of the crustal volume, locally reaching depths down to 30 km. The focal mechanism of the seismic sequences shows mainly normal fault kinematics coherent with the regional stress field. Detailed stress field analysis suggests a rotation of the principal stress axis moving from the axial part of the chain toward the Adriatic Sea to the east.
    Description: Published
    Description: 136-144
    Description: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Northern Apennines ; Stress field ; Focal mechanisms ; Seismicity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Hydrodynamics of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands: Tracer tests with rhodamine WT and numerical modelling (2010)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Typical unsteady unsaturated conditions can profoundly affect the hydrodynamics of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands. In this study we analyzed the hydrodynamics of a 33 m2 vertical flow pilot plant, treating municipal secondary effluents. Three different saturation conditions were analyzed under several constant flux regimes: complete saturation, partial saturation with the free water table 20 cm over the bottom of the bed, and complete drainage. Tracer tests were performed in steady state conditions by dosing rhodamine WT as square input signals. Breakthrough curves were analyzed by means of both a classical residence time distribution analysis and an originally developed numerical plug-flow model with longitudinal dispersion adapted to the unsaturated conditions. We found that the degree of global mixing in the vertical flow constructed wetland increased as the water content increased; this effect was controlled by the hydraulic residence time of the system. Conversely, the degree of local mixing was inversely affected by water content; the dispersivity was 4.5, 10, and 14 cm for fully saturated, partially saturated and draining conditions, respectively. We explain the dependency of dispersivity on water content in physical terms; however, further studies are needed to mathematically include this relationship in numerical models that describe the behaviour of vertical flow constructed wetlands.
    Description: Published
    Description: 265-273
    Description: 3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Constructed wetlands ; Vertical flow ; Hydrodynamics ; Tracer tests ; Rhodamine WT ; Modelling ; Unsaturated flow ; Dispersivity ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.06. Water resources ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.01. Environmental risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    FITOVERT: A dynamic numerical model of subsurface vertical flow constructed wetlands (2010)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-03
    Description: This paper introduces a mathematical model (FITOVERT) specifically developed to simulate the behaviour of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands (VSSF-CWs). One of the main goals of the development of FITOVERT was to keep the complexity of the model to an acceptable level, so as to provide a practical tool for design and operation optimization. The dynamic formulation of the model allows to simulate the typical non stationary feeding-emptying operation of VSSF-CWs. FITOVERT is able to describe the water flow through porous media in unsaturated conditions, combined with evapotranspiration; its biochemical module describes the degradation of both organic matter and nitrogen; the transport in the liquid phase is implemented for both dissolved and particulate components; the oxygen transport in the gaseous phase of the soil and its exchange with the liquid phase are also considered. As a main advantage, compared to the few currently available dedicated numerical models, FITOVERT is able to handle the porosity reduction due to bacteria growth and accumulation of particulate components, so that the clogging process is also simulated as an effect of the pore size reduction on the hydraulic conductivity of the simulated system. The performance of the model was firstly analyzed by comparison with hydrodynamic tests recorded in an experimental VSSF-CW pilot plant: tracer test were carried out in three different saturation conditions (fully saturated, partially saturated, and completely drained). FITOVERT proved to accurately simulate the hydraulic behaviour of VSSF-CWs in both saturated and unsaturated conditions. The needs for model improvements and further calibration are finally discussed.
    Description: In press
    Description: 3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Constructed wetlands ; Hydrodynamics ; Modelling ; Reactive transport ; Vertical subsurface flow ; Unsaturated flow ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.06. Water resources ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.01. Environmental risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    Quantitative analysis of extensional joints in the southern Adriatic foreland (Italy), and the active tectonics of the Apulia region (2010)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The Adriatic foreland of the Apennines comes ashore only in Apulia (easternmost Italy). Its southern part, our study area, lacks any structural analysis devoted to define its recent-to-active tectonics. Throughout the Quaternary, this region was affected by mild brittle deformation with rare faults, characterized by small displacement, and widespread extension joints, frequently organized in sets. Therefore, we conducted a quantitative and systematic analysis of the joint sets affecting Quaternary deposits, by applying an inversion technique ad hoc to infer the orientation and ratio of the principal stress axes, R = (σ2 - σ3)/(σ1 - σ3). Within a general extensional regime, we recognized three deformational events of regional significance. The oldest event, constrained to the early and middle part of the Middle Pleistocene, is characterized by variable direction of extension and R between 0.64-0.99. The penultimate event, dated late Middle Pleistocene, is characterized by an almost uniaxial tension, with a horizontal σ3 striking ~N43°E; R is high, between 0.85-0.99. The most recent event is characterized by the lowermost R values, that never exceed 0.47 and are frequently 〈0.30, indicating a sort of horizontal „radial‟ extension. This event is not older than the Late Pleistocene and possibly reflects the active stress field still dominating the entire study area.
    Description: In press
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Quaternary tectonics ; brittle deformation ; fracture ; Pleistocene ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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