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  • Other Sources  (10)
  • Meteorology and Climatology  (5)
  • Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance  (5)
  • 2005-2009  (10)
  • 2007  (7)
  • 2005  (3)
  • 1
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    X-43A Project Overview: Adventures in Hypersonics (2007)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-06
    Description: This viewgraph presentation gives a general overview of the X-43A program. The contents include: 1) X-43A Program Overview; 2) Vehicle Description; 3) Flight 1, MIB & Return to Flight; 4) Flight 2 and Results; and 5) Flight 3 and Results.
    Keywords: Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    X-43A Project Overview: Adventures in Hypersonics (2007)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-06
    Description: A viewgraph presentation describing the hypersonics program at NASA Dryden Flight Research Center is shown. The topics include: 1) X-43A Program Overview; 2) Vehicle Description; 3) Flight 1, MIB & Return to Flight; 4) Flight 2 and Results; 5) Flight 3 and Results; and 6) Concluding Remarks
    Keywords: Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    Cloud Vertical and Horizontal Structure from ICESat/GLAS and MODIS (2007)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: To accurately model radiative fluxes at the surface and within the atmosphere, we need to know both vertical and horizontal structures of cloudiness. While MODIS provides accurate information on cloud horizontal structure, it has limited ability to estimate cloud vertical structure. ICESat/GLAS on the other hand, provides the vertical distribution and internal structure of clouds as deep as the laser beam can penetrate and return a signal. Having different orbits, MODIS and GLAS provide few collocated measurements; hence a statistical approach is needed to learn about 3D cloud structures from the two instruments. In the presentation, we show the results of the statistical analysis of vertical and horizontal structure of cloudiness using GLAS and MODIS cloud top(s) data acquired in October-November 2003. We revisit the (H1, C1) plot, previously used for analyzing cloud liquid water data, and illustrate cloud structure for single and multiple-layer clouds.
    Keywords: Meteorology and Climatology
    Type: 2007 International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics; Jul 02, 2007 - Jul 13, 2007; Perugia; Italy
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    OMI Tropospheric NO2 from Lightning in Observed Convective Events (2007)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: Lightning is responsible for an estimated 15 percent of total NO emissions, and is one of the most prominent sources in the upper troposphere. In this study, we present evidence of lightning-generated NO2 (LNO2) using data from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), which has observed tropospheric NO2 since its launch in 2004. Although LNO2 has been also reported in previous satellite studies from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) and SCIAMACHY, OMI is better suited for such measurements by virtue of its higher spatial resolution and daily global coverage. We will present data clearly showing the LNO2 signal in the OMI tropospheric NO2 product on two days over and downwind of specific convective systems in the US Midwest. Gridded monthly mean tropospheric NO 2 data are subtracted from the daily gridded data to obtain the presumed LNO2 signal. Observed cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes from the National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) were counted along middle and upper tropospheric back trajectories that were run from the regions containing the LNO2 signal. A vertically-weighted average number of upwind CG flashes was obtained using a profile of LNO(x) mass obtained from a series of midlatitude cloud-resolved storm chemistry simulations. The number of CG flashes was scaled up to total flashes (intracloud (IC) flashes plus CG) using a climatological IC/CG ratio. The number of moles of LNO(x) in the region considered was estimated by assuming that LNO2 is 30 percent of LNO(x). This value was divided by the number of upwind flashes to obtain an average estimate of the number of moles produced per flash. Results yield values in the range obtained through other estimation techniques (e.g., aircraft measurements, models). We will also present a similar analysis over northern Australia during the SCOUT-O3/ACTIVE field campaigns in November and December 2005, in which we will compare the OMI LNOx signals with aircraft observations from the storm anvils.
    Keywords: Meteorology and Climatology
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  • 5
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    Ares I-X Flight Test Philosophy (2007)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: In response to the Vision for Space Exploration, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has defined a new space exploration architecture to return humans to the Moon and prepare for human exploration of Mars. One of the first new developments will be the Ares I Crew Launch Vehicle (CLV), which will carry the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV), into Low Earth Orbit (LEO) to support International Space Station (ISS) missions and, later, support lunar missions. As part of Ares I development, NASA will perform a series of Ares I flight tests. The tests will provide data that will inform the engineering and design process and verify the flight hardware and software. The data gained from the flight tests will be used to certify the new Ares/Orion vehicle for human space flight. The primary objectives of this first flight test (Ares I-X) are the following: Demonstrate control of a dynamically similar integrated Ares CLV/Orion CEV using Ares CLV ascent control algorithms; Perform an in-flight separation/staging event between an Ares I-similar First Stage and a representative Upper Stage; Demonstrate assembly and recovery of a new Ares CLV-like First Stage element at Kennedy Space Center (KSC); Demonstrate First Stage separation sequencing, and quantify First Stage atmospheric entry dynamics and parachute performance; and Characterize the magnitude of the integrated vehicle roll torque throughout the First Stage (powered) flight. This paper will provide an overview of the Ares I-X flight test process and details of the individual flight tests.
    Keywords: Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: 54th Joint JANNAF Propulsion Meeting; May 14, 2007 - May 17, 2007; Denver, Co; United States
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  • 6
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    Annual Variations in Water Storage and Precipitation in the Amazon Basin: Bounding Sink Terms in the Terrestrial Hydrological Balance using GRACE Satellite Gravity Data (2007)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: We combine satellite gravity data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and precipitation measurements from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Prediction Center's (CPC) Merged Analysis of Precipitation (CMAP) and the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), over the period from mid-2002 to mid-2006, to investigate the relative importance of sink (runoff and evaporation) and source (precipitation) terms in the hydrological balance of the Amazon Basin. When linear and quadratic terms are removed, the time series of land water storage variations estimated from GRACE exhibits a dominant annual signal of 250 mm peak-to-peak, which is equivalent to a water volume change of approximately 1800 cubic kilometers. A comparison of this trend with accumulated (i.e., integrated) precipitation shows excellent agreement and no evidence of basin saturation. The agreement indicates that the net runoff and evaporation contributes significantly less than precipitation to the annual hydrological mass balance. Indeed, raw residuals between the detrended water storage and precipitation anomalies range from plus or minus 40 mm. This range is consistent with streamflow measurements from the region, although the latter are characterized by a stronger annual signal than ow residuals, suggesting that runoff and evaporation may act to partially cancel each other.
    Keywords: Meteorology and Climatology
    Type: Journal of Geodesy (ISSN 0949-7714); 82; 1; 9-13
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  • 7
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    GRACE Gravity Data Constrain Ancient Ice Geometries and Continental Dynamics over Laurentia (2007)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The free-air gravity trend over Canada, derived from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission, robustly isolates the gravity signal associated with glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) from the longer-time scale mantle convection process. This trend proves that the ancient Laurentian ice complex was composed of two large domes to the west and east of Hudson Bay, in accord with one of two classes of earlier reconstructions. Moreover, GIA models that reconcile the peak rates contribute approximately 25 to approximately 45% to the observed static gravity field, which represents an important boundary condition on the buoyancy of the continental tectosphere.
    Keywords: Meteorology and Climatology
    Type: Science; 316; 5826; 881-883
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Space Shuttle Orbiter Reaction Jet Driver (RJD): Independent Technical Assessment/Inspection (ITA/I) Report, Version 1.0 (2005)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-11
    Description: The Space Shuttle Program (SSP) has a zero-fault-tolerant design related to an inadvertent firing of the primary reaction control jets on the Orbiter during mated operations with the International Space Station (ISS). Failure modes identified by the program as a wire-to-wire "smart" short or a Darlington transistor short resulting in a failed-on primary thruster during mated operations with ISS can drive forces that exceed the structural capabilities of the docked Shuttle/ISS structure. The assessment team delivered 17 observations, 6 findings and 15 recommendations to the Space Shuttle Program.
    Keywords: Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA/TM-2005-213750/VERSION1.0 , L-19119/VERSION1.0 , NESC-RP-05-18-Version-1.0
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  • 9
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    Fire, Explosion, Compatibility and Safety Hazards of Hydrogen Peroxide (2005)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: High-test hydrogen peroxide (HP) is an energetic liquid with widespread use in a variety of industrial and aerospace applications. In recent years, there has been increased interest in its use as a "green" or environmentally benign propellant in spacecraft and defense propulsion and power systems. HP, however, can be a significant hazard if not properly handled. In addition, hydrogen peroxide is unstable when exposed to trace contaminants, which may catalyze decomposition and result in violent thermal runaway. Many advanced and newly developed alloys, polymers, composites and other construction materials (such as those used in tankage and piping systems) have not been tested for compatibility with hydrogen peroxide. The reliability of extrapolating from short-term compatibility test results to long-term compatibility has not yet been fully assessed. Therefore, the users and designers of HP systems must be aware of these hazards and unknowns and take the appropriate precautions.
    Keywords: Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA/TM-2004-213151 , S-936 , JSC-CN-8960 , JSC-E-DAA-TN63718
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Constraints of Melting, Sea-Level and the Paleoclimate from GRACE (2005)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: To gauge the accuracy of the GRACE data, we have undertaken a study to compare deformations predicted by GRACE inferences of seasonal water loading to crustal position variations determined from GRACE data. Two manuscripts that resulted from this study are attached. We found a very high correlation between the GRACE and GPS determinations for South America [Duvis et al., 2004]. We also developed a statistical approach for choosing which Stokes coefficients to include. This approach proves to be somewhat more accurate than the traditional Gaussian filter [Duvis et al., 2005].
    Keywords: Meteorology and Climatology
    Format: application/pdf
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