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  • Springer Nature  (53)
  • Nature Publishing Group  (26)
  • Macmillian Magazines Ltd.  (11)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • PANGAEA
  • 2000-2004  (100)
  • 2003  (54)
  • 2001  (46)
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  • 2000-2004  (100)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The evolutionarily conserved Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is an integral part of the processes of cell division, differentiation, movement and death. Signals received at the cell surface are relayed into the nucleus, where MAPK phosphorylates and thereby modulates the ...
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2001-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 3
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Ukstins Peate, Ingrid; Baker, Joel A; Kent, Adam J R; Al-Kadasi, Mohamed; Al-Subbary, Abdulkarim; Ayalew, Dereje; Menzies, Martin (2003): Correlation of Indian Ocean tephra to individual Oligocene silicic eruptions from Afro-Arabian flood volcanism. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 211(3-4), 311-327, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00192-4
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Widespread silicic pyroclastic eruptions of the Oligocene Afro-Arabian flood volcanic province (ignimbrites and airfall tuffs) produced up to 20% of the total flood volcanic stratigraphy (〉6*10**4 km**3). Volumes of individual ignimbrites and tuffs exposed on land range from ~150 to 〉2000 km**3 and eight major units (15-100 m thick) were erupted in 〈2 Myr, placing these amongst the largest-magnitude silicic pyroclastic eruptions on Earth. They are compositionally distinctive time-stratigraphic markers which were deposited as co-ignimbrite ashfall deposits on a near-global scale around the time of the Oi2 cooling anomaly at ~30 Ma. Two ignimbrites from the lower part of the flood volcanic succession in Yemen have been correlated to: (a) the conjugate rifted margin of Ethiopia (〉500 km distant); and (b) to two deep sea ash layers sampled by ODP Leg 115 in the Indian Ocean ~2700 km to the southeast. This correlation is based on whole rock analyses of silicic units for isotope ratios (Pb, Nd) and rare earth element compositions, in conjunction with novel in situ Pb isotope laser ablation multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy analysis of groundmass and glass shards. Compositional diversity preserved on the scale of individual ash shards in these deep sea tephra layers record chemical heterogeneity present in the silicic magma chambers that is not evident in the welded on-land deposits. Ages of the ash layers can be established by correlation to precisely dated on-land ignimbrites, and current evidence suggests that while these eruptions may have exacerbated already changing climatic conditions, they both marginally post-date the Oi2 global cooling anomaly.
    Keywords: 115-711A; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg115; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; South Indian Ridge, South Indian Ocean
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Keywords: 115-711A; Aluminium oxide; Aluminium oxide, standard deviation; Calcium oxide; Calcium oxide, standard deviation; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Electron microprobe (EMP); Grains, counted/analyzed; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; Iron oxide, Fe2O3, standard deviation; Joides Resolution; Leg115; Magnesium oxide; Magnesium oxide, standard deviation; Manganese oxide; Manganese oxide, standard deviation; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Potassium oxide; Potassium oxide, standard deviation; Rock type; Sample code/label; Sample type; Silicon dioxide; Silicon dioxide, standard deviation; Sodium oxide; Sodium oxide, standard deviation; South Indian Ridge, South Indian Ocean; Titanium dioxide; Titanium dioxide, standard deviation; Zirconium/Niobium ratio
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 184 data points
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Keywords: 115-711A; Barium; Barium, standard deviation; Cerium; Cerium, standard deviation; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Dysprosium; Dysprosium, standard deviation; Erbium; Erbium, standard deviation; Europium; Europium, standard deviation; Gadolinium; Grains, counted/analyzed; Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); Joides Resolution; Lanthanum; Lanthanum, standard deviation; Lanthanum/Niobium ratio; Lanthanum/Samarium ratio; Lead-206/Lead-204 ratio; Lead-206/Lead-204 ratio, error; Lead-207/Lead-204 ratio; Lead-207/Lead-204 ratio, error; Lead-207/Lead-206, standard error; Lead-207/Lead-206 ratio; Lead-208/Lead-204 ratio; Lead-208/Lead-204 ratio, error; Lead-208/Lead-206 ratio; Lead-208/Lead-206 ratio, error; Leg115; Lutetium; Multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (MC-ICP-MS); Neodymium; Neodymium, standard deviation; Neodymium-143/Neodymium-144 ratio; Niobium; Niobium, standard deviation; Number; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Praseodymium; Rubidium; Rubidium, standard deviation; Samarium; Samarium, standard deviation; Sample code/label; Sample code/label 2; Sample type; South Indian Ridge, South Indian Ocean; Strontium; Strontium, standard deviation; Vanadium; Vanadium, standard deviation; Ytterbium; Ytterbium, standard deviation; Yttrium; Yttrium, standard deviation; Zirconium; Zirconium, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 398 data points
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 8 (2001), S. 1565-1572 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An analysis of experimentally measured particle transport in tokamak plasmas with negative central magnetic shear is presented. The analysis is presented in terms of a simple model for turbulent transport which allows the separation of diagonal and off diagonal terms and allows the direct comparison of particle and energy transport. Comparing the measured fluxes to the fluxes predicted by a simple quasi analytical model which specifies a relation between the diagonal and off diagonal terms allows an understanding of the reason for the difference between energy and particle fluxes. In the center of discharges with a region of enhanced confinement (or internal transport barrier), the ion thermal diffusivity becomes small and comparable to neoclassical values and the particle diffusivity also becomes small and approaches the neoclassical values. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Particle confinement was compared for the high confinement mode plasmas with the edge localized mode in the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Tokamak-60 Upgrade (JT-60U) [S. Ishida, JT-60 Team, Nucl. Fusion 39, 1211 (1999)] and the DIII-D tokamak [J. L. Luxon et al., Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research 1986 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1987), Vol. 1, p. 159] considering separate confinement times for particles supplied by neutral beam injection (NBI) (center fueling) and by recycling and gas-puffing (edge fueling). Similar dependence on the NBI power was obtained in JT-60U and DIII-D. The particle confinement time for center fueling in DIII-D was smaller by a factor of 4 in the low density discharges and by a factor of 1.8 in the high density discharges than JT-60U scaling, respectively, suggesting the stronger dependence on the density in DIII-D. The particle confinement time for edge fueling in DIII-D was comparable with JT-60U scaling in the low density discharges. However, it decreased to a much smaller value in the high density discharges. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Significant progress has been made in obtaining high-performance discharges for many energy confinement times in the DIII-D tokamak [J. L. Luxon et al., Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion Research (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1987), Vol. I, p. 159]. Normalized performance (measured by the product of βNH89 and indicative of the proximity to both conventional β limits and energy confinement quality, respectively) ∼10 has been sustained for 〉5 τE with qmin〉1.5. These edge localized modes (ELMing) H-mode discharges have β∼5%, which is limited by the onset of resistive wall modes slightly above the ideal no-wall n=1 limit, with approximately 75% of the current driven noninductively. The remaining Ohmic current is localized near the half-radius. The DIII-D electron cyclotron heating system is being upgraded to replace this inductively driven current with localized electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD). Density control, which is required for effective ECCD, has been successfully demonstrated in long-pulse high-performance ELMing H-mode discharges with βNH89∼7 for up to 6.3 s. In plasma shapes compatible with good density control in the present divertor configuration, the achieved βN is somewhat less than that in the high βNH89=10 discharges. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The ion thermal diffusivities (χi) in DIII-D [J. L. Luxon and L. G. Davis, Fusion Technol. 8, 441 (1985)] discharges exhibit a strong nonlinear dependence on the measured temperature gradients. In low confinement mode (L-mode) discharges with low toroidal rotation, the ion thermal diffusivity, χi, has an approximately Heaviside function dependence on the major radius divided by the radial scale length of the ion temperature, R/LTi. When R/LTi is less than a critical value, the χi's are very small. When R/LTi is about equal to the critical value, χi increases rapidly. Although the gradient profiles for high confinement (H-mode) have a different shape, they still show a critical gradient type of behavior. This type of dependence is consistent with the predictions for transport, which is dominated by ion temperature gradient modes and is a strong indicator that these modes are the main contributors toward L-mode transport in DIII-D and a major contributor to transport in a certain region of DIII-D H-mode discharges. When strong rotational shear is present, the thermal confinement is improved in regions of the plasma. In these regions, the dependence of the diffusivities on the gradients is changed. The type of change is consistent with the physical picture that when the E×B shearing frequency is greater than the maximum linear growth rate of the modes as calculated without shear, then the modes are stabilized and the transport is reduced. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 1237-1239 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A compact toroid inductively stores the energy released by a capacitor bank as it is being accelerated. This energy can be stored for a period of more than ten microseconds and then transferred to a load on a much shorter time scale. This article presents framing camera images of the radial compression of plasma trailing behind a compact toroid as the compact toroid leaves its inner electrode. This compression illustrates the basic principles of a compact toroid plasma opening switch which could be used to drive fast z pinches. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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