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  • Articles  (91)
  • Springer  (79)
  • Springer Nature  (12)
  • American Society of Hematology
  • 2000-2004  (91)
  • 1960-1964
  • 2000  (91)
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  • Articles  (91)
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  • 2000-2004  (91)
  • 1960-1964
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature sensitive polymers based on 2-(dimethyl maleinimido)-N-ethyl-acrylamide: Copolymers with N-isopropylacrylamide (2000)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 44 (2000), S. 269-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Temperature sensitive polymers with pendant dimethyl maleinimide side groups were prepared by the copolymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) with varying amounts of a functional N-substituted acrylamide (2-(dimethyl maleinimido)-N-ethyl-acrylamide, DMIAAm). The polymers were characterized by 1H-NMR, IR, DSC and TGA. Their relative reactivity ratios have been determined. Aqueous solutions of the copolymers showed lower critical solution temperature behaviour (LCST). The phase transition temperatures of the aqueous solutions of these copolymers decreased with increasing comonomer content and disappeared at DMIAAm contents at or above 15.9 mol-%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002890050602
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adaptive disk spin‐down for mobile computers (2000)
    Springer
    Mobile networks and applications 5 (2000), S. 285-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8153
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract We address the problem of deciding when to spin down the disk of a mobile computer in order to extend battery life. One of the most critical resources in mobile computing environments is battery life, and good energy conservation methods increase the utility of mobile systems. We use a simple and efficient algorithm based on machine learning techniques that has excellent performance. Using trace data, the algorithm outperforms several methods that are theoretically optimal under various worst‐case assumptions, as well as the best fixed time‐out strategy. In particular, the algorithm reduces the power consumption of the disk to about half of the energy consumed by a one minute fixed time‐out policy. Furthermore, the algorithm uses as little as 88% of the energy consumed by the best fixed time‐out computed in retrospect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019129116852
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of a polydimethylsiloxane-block-hydroxyl grafted acrylate prepolymer copolymer to improve the adhesion between silicone rubber and polyurethane by induced surface reconstruction (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 7 (2000), S. 73-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Keywords: Surface reconstruction ; Adhesion ; Silicone ; Polyurethane ; FTIR-ATR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A new class of hydroxyl-functionalized polydimethylsiloxane-block-hydroxyl graft acrylate prepolymer (PDMS-b-HGAP) copolymers was synthesized. The copolymers were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as well as 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The hydroxyl groups of the HGAP were reacted with the chlorine terminal in the PDMS to yield a triblock copolymer consisting of two segments of PDMS linked to a HGAP segment. The induced surface reconstruction of silicone rubber (SR)by blending polysiloxane reactants with bifunctional PDMS-b-HGAP copolymers and curing using mold materials having high critical surface tension such as polyethyleneterephthalate was attempted to improve the adhesion between chemically-inert SR and polyurethane (PU). Surface characterization using Foruier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance indicated that the surface of the SR was enriched with HGAP. The increased content of surface HGAP was suggested to account for the improved adhesion between SR and PU.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10965-006-0106-z
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of ferroelectric side chain liquid crystal polymers bearing banana-shaped chiral mesogens (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 7 (2000), S. 125-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Keywords: Banana-shape ; Ferroelectricity ; Smectic blue phase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A series of ferroelectric liquid crystal polymers having banana-shaped side chain mesogens were synthesized through photo-polymerization of epoxide moiety. 2,5-disubstituted-thiophene sub-unit was used in synthesizing the banana-shaped monomers. These liquid crystal compounds were characterized by NMR, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and optical polarized microscopy (POM). Mesomorphism was investigated as a function of spacer units. All the synthesized low molar mass banana-shaped compounds exhibit smectic blue phase, but chiral smectic C phase could be observed only on compounds having longer spacer. The clearing temperature of low molar mass compounds fluctuated a little when spacer length varies. All polymers exhibit cholesteric mesophase and an observable glass transition. These liquid crystalline compounds reveal strong photoluminescence at visible region (λmax = 475 nm for M9EPX) and have potential use in polarized organic light emitting diode materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10965-006-0112-1
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Approximation Criterion for Essential Self-adjointness of Dirichlet Operators on Certain Banach Spaces (2000)
    Springer
    Potential analysis 13 (2000), S. 409-421 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-929X
    Keywords: Dirichlet operators ; essential self-adjointness ; M-type 2 Banach spaces ; semi inner-product
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We establish an approximation criterion for essential self-adjointness of Dirichlet operators with nonconstant diffusion part on certain Banach spaces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026400606338
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Faint field galaxies: an explanation of the faint blue excessusing number evolution models (2000)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 274 (2000), S. 557-579 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Pure luminosity evolution models for galaxies provide an unacceptable fit to the redshifts and colors of faint galaxies. In this paper we demonstrate, using HST morphological number counts derived both from the I 814-band of WFPC2 in the Medium Deep Survey (MDS) and the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) and from the H 1.6-band of NICMOS, and ground-based spectroscopic data of the Hawaii Deep Field and the Canada-France Redshift Survey, that number evolution is necessary for galaxies, regardless of whether the cosmic geometry is flat, open, or Λ-dominated. Furthermore, we show that the number evolution is small at redshifts of z〈1, but large at z〉1, and that this conclusion is valid for all the three cosmological models under consideration. If the universe is open or Λ-dominated, the models, which are subject to the constraint of the conservation of the comoving mass density of galaxies, naturally predict a population of star-forming galaxies with the redshift distribution peaking at z=2∼ 3, which seems to be consistent with the recent findings from Lyman-break photometric selection techniques. If the cosmological model is flat, however, the conservation of the comoving mass density is invalid. Hence, in order to account for the steep slope of B-band number counts at faint magnitudes in the flat universe, such a star-forming galaxy population has to be introduced ad hoc into the modelling alongside the merger assumption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026535611877
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The `Qualitative' Versus `Quantitative' Research Debate: A Question of Metaphorical Assumptions? (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of value-based management 13 (2000), S. 189-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8528
    Keywords: research ; methodology ; objectivism ; subjectivism ; dualism ; social world ; metaphor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract A great deal of criticism has been aimed at empirical-analytic research because of its narrow focus. However, a similar criticism can be leveled at qualitative research. The purpose of this manuscript is not to champion one approach at the expense of the other, but rather to focus on discussing the assumptions of each methodological approach in terms of metaphorical thinking.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007850027589
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Horizontal Transfer of Archaeal Genes into the Deinococcaceae: Detection by Molecular and Computer-Based Approaches (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 51 (2000), S. 587-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Key words: Horizontal gene transfer — BLAST comparison — Genomes —Deinococcus—Thermus—Meiothermus— A/V-ATPase — Prolyl-tRNA synthetase — Biotin carboxylase — Enolase — Bioinformatics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Members of the Deinococcaceae (e.g., Thermus, Meiothermus, Deinococcus) contain A/V-ATPases typically found in Archaea or Eukaryotes which were probably acquired by horizontal gene transfer. Two methods were used to quantify the extent to which archaeal or eukaryotic genes have been acquired by this lineage. Screening of a Meiothermus ruber library with probes made against Thermoplasma acidophilum DNA yielded a number of clones which hybridized more strongly than background. One of these contained the prolyl tRNA synthetase (RS) gene. Phylogenetic analysis shows the M. ruber and D. radiodurans prolyl RS to be more closely related to archaeal and eukaryal forms of this gene than to the typical bacterial type. Using a bioinformatics approach, putative open reading frames (ORFs) from the prerelease version of the D. radiodurans genome were screened for genes more closely related to archaeal or eukaryotic genes. Putative ORFs were searched against representative genomes from each of the three domains using automated BLAST. ORFs showing the highest matches against archaeal and eukaryotic genes were collected and ranked. Among the top-ranked hits were the A/V-ATPase catalytic and noncatalytic subunits and the prolyl RS genes. Using phylogenetic methods, ORFs were analyzed and trees assessed for evidence of horizontal gene transfer. Of the 45 genes examined, 20 showed topologies in which D. radiodurans homologues clearly group with eukaryotic or archaeal homologues, and 17 additional trees were found to show probable evidence of horizontal gene transfer. Compared to the total number of ORFs in the genome, those that can be identified as having been acquired from Archaea or Eukaryotes are relatively few (approximately 1%), suggesting that interdomain transfer is rare.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002390010122
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Age-associated changes of superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in the rat brain (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of biomedical science 7 (2000), S. 466-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0127
    Keywords: Aging ; Free radical ; Superoxide anion ; SOD ; Catalase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Oxygen free radicals have been proposed to be involved in the process of aging. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase are important for antioxidative defense. In this study, profiles of SOD, catalase, and their mRNA levels were investigated in the frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital lobes, subcortex and cerebellum of male Wistar rats at ages 1–21 months. The total SOD and Mn SOD activities increased with age and exhibited higher levels at 6 and 12 months but decreased thereafter. Activity of catalase showed a similar trend and notably peaked at 12 months. The mRNA levels of Cu/Zn SOD, Mn SOD, and catalase remained constant in all areas tested (frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital lobes, and subcortex) except the cerebellum. Post-transcriptional regulation was involved in modulating the enzymes' activities during aging. Furthermore, the rate of mitochondrial generation of the superoxide anion $$(O_2^{\bar .} )$$ increased gradually with aging. Taken together, the results suggest that the increase of oxidative potential and the loss of proper antioxidant defense in the rats appear to be highly involved in the aging process of the brain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02253362
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical Chemistry Online: Maximizing Your Potential (2000)
    Springer
    The chemical educator 5 (2000), S. 77-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1430-4171
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The Physical Chemistry On-Line (PCOL) consortium has developed and conducted a series of short-term projects for use in the physical chemistry curriculum. The projects involve faculty and students from geographically dispersed institutions, are short in duration (~4–6 weeks), and use email and the World Wide Web for communication and information distribution. They are designed to enhance physical chemistry at colleges and universities that may have limited resources available for physical chemistry by offering an alternate pedagogical approach. This paper will highlight the motivations of the participants, outline the specific projects used to date, and provide some evaluation of the pedagogical effectiveness of the approach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00897990369a
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