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  • Springer  (50)
  • American Chemical Society  (34)
  • Springer Nature  (2)
  • 2000-2004  (86)
  • 1995-1999
  • 1990-1994
  • 2000  (86)
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Keywords
Publisher
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  • 2000-2004  (86)
  • 1995-1999
  • 1990-1994
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book review (2000)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 62 (2000), S. 795-797 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bulm.1999.0175
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenotypic characteristics and relative proportions of three genotypic variants isolated from a nucleopolyhedrovirus of Spodoptera exigua (2000)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 97 (2000), S. 275-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Spodoptera exigua ; nucleopolyhedrovirus ; genotypic variants ; relative proportion ; phenotypic characteristic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract US2A, US2D, and US2F are three in vivocloned genotypic variants from the wild-type strain of a Spodoptera exiguanucleopolyhedrovirus (SeMNPV) isolated in Florida (USA) and is the active component of the commercial bioinsecticide Spod-X®. These variants were compared in terms of pathogenicity (LD50), speed of kill (expressed as mean time to death) and viral progeny productivity (OBs/larva). LD50values were similar for the three cloned genotypes. The mean time to death value for US2D (113.7 h) was significantly higher than those of US2A (31.7 h) and US2F (27.8 h). Virus yield was determined for L4larvae infected with the estimated LD99. US2D infected larvae attained higher weight than those infected with US2A and US2F, and produced a higher OB yield than larvae infected with US2A or US2F. An outstanding feature of US2F, in contrast to US2A and US2D, was its inability to disrupt the teguments of NPV-killed larvae. To study the relative proportion of the three genotypic variants throughout successive passages, S. exigualarvae were originally infected with a viral inoculum containing a 1:1:1 mixture of the three genotypes. After three successive passages, US2D was no longer detected in either of the three replicate experiments performed, while US2A was the predominant genotype in all of them, and US2F remained at similar proportions throughout the three passages. The influence of the phenotypic characteristics of the three variants on their relative proportions in mixed infections is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004045526205
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chelated aluminum alkoxides (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 30 (2000), S. 219-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Aluminum ; alkoxide ; five-coordinate ; six-coordinate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The present contribution will demonstrate that monomeric alkoxide compounds can be formed by the use of the Salen(tBu) ligand. These alkoxides, LAlOR (with L=Salen (tBu), R=Me (1), Salomphen(tBu), R=Me (3) and L=Salen(tBu), R=Et (4)) feature five-coordinate monomeric aluminum (Salen(tBu)=N,N′-ethylenebis(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylideneimine) and Salomphen(tBu)=N,N′-(4,5-di-methyl)phenylenenebis(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylideneimine). Crystallization of 1 from MeOH affords the six-coordinate complex, Salen(tBu)AlOMe(MeOH) (2). The manner in which these compounds may be obtained, as well as the structures of 2 and 4 will be described
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009530803852
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coke formation on an industrial reforming Pt–Sn/γ‐Al2O3 catalyst (2000)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 65 (2000), S. 209-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: coke formation ; industrial reforming catalyst ; Pt–Sn/γ‐Al2O3 ; coke characterization ; coke burning off
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The characterization of the coke deposited on an industrial Pt–Sn/γ‐Al2O3 catalyst, used in a continuous reforming process, was performed with AFM, XRD, FTIR, EPR, NMR, TG‐DTG and DTA techniques. Composition, structure and location of the coke on the catalyst were investigated. The coke was predominantly deposited on the catalyst surface and in the interstices between the catalyst particles. Its content increased along the reactor from top to bottom. Coke was deposited in the form of uniform films and clusters of three‐dimensional disks with diameters between 0.12 and 0.18 μm. It had a pseudo‐graphite structure produced by the dehydrogenation and polymerization of the aromatic precursor compounds. The coked catalyst showed a good combustion behavior; it was regenerated below 550°C. These results are important to elucidate the coke formation mechanism, to generate new continuous reforming catalysts, and to optimize the reactor operation parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019042027077
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chiral five- and six-coordinate aluminum (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 30 (2000), S. 215-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Aluminum ; cation ; Lewis acid ; six-coordinate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The chiral five-coordinate halide compound, Salcen(tBu)AlCl (1) (Salcen = N,N′-cyclohexylenebis(3, 5-di-tert-butylsalicylideneimine) can be used in a salt elimination reaction to produce [R,R'Salcen(tBu)AlOTs] (2) as well as the chiral cationic complex, [R,R'Salcen (tBu)Al(thf)2]+ BPh4 − (3). The conditions under which these types of neutral and cationic complexes form will be discussed. This should provide guidance for the eventual use of the cations as strongly Lewis acidic catalysts and organic synthetic reagents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009547519781
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weil bundles and jet spaces (2000)
    Springer
    Czechoslovak mathematical journal 50 (2000), S. 721-748 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9141
    Keywords: jet ; near point ; contact element ; Weil bundle ; fundamental identification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we give a new definition of the classical contact elements of a smooth manifold M as ideals of its ring of smooth functions: they are the kernels of Weil's near points. Ehresmann's jets of cross-sections of a fibre bundle are obtained as a particular case. The tangent space at a point of a manifold of contact elements of M is shown to be a quotient of a space of derivations from the same ring C ∞(M) into certain finite-dimensional local algebras. The prolongation of an ideal of functions from a Weil bundle to another one is the same ideal, when its functions take values into certain Weil algebras; following the same idea vector fields are prolonged, without any considerations about local one-parameter groups. As a consequence, we give an algebraic definition of Kuranishi's fundamental identification on Weil bundles, and study their affine structures, as a generalization of the classical results on spaces of jets of cross-sections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022408527395
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diameter distribution of single wall carbon nanotubes in nanobundles (2000)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 18 (2000), S. 201-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: PACS. 78.30.Na Fullerenes and related materials - 63.22.+m Phonons in low-dimensional structures and small particles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: The frequency of the Raman active A1g radial breathing mode has been widely used as a tool to estimate the distribution of diameters of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT). However, the relation between frequency and diameter is not straightforward and results are model-dependent. Because most of the experiments are performed on bundles and not on isolated tubes, the model should especially take into account the van der Waals intertube interactions. Here, we use a pair-potential approach to account for such interactions and we derive a nonlinear relation between the SWNT diameter and the frequency of the A1g radial breathing modes. We demonstrate a good agreement between calculations and the diameters derived from diffraction experiments on the same samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100510070049
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fibrés d'intersection (2000)
    Springer
    Compositio mathematica 124 (2000), S. 219-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-5846
    Keywords: intersection ; intersection bundle ; Noetherian schemes ; Chern classes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Let f:X→Sbe a projective morphism of Noetherian schemes. We assume fpurely of relative dimension dand finite Tor-dimensional. We associate to d+1 invertible sheaves $$L{\text{,}}...{\text{,}}L_{d + 1}$$ on Xa line bundle I X/S ( $$L{\text{,}}...{\text{,}}L_{d + 1}$$ ) on Sdepending additively on the $$L_{\text{1}}$$ , commuting to ‘good’ base changes and which represents the integral along the fibres of fof the product of the first Chern classes of the $$L_{\text{1}}$$ . If d=0, I X/S ( $$L$$ ) is the norm N X/S ( $$L$$ ).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026552909918
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Explicit Solutions of Nonconvex Variational Problems in Dimension One (2000)
    Springer
    Applied mathematics & optimization 41 (2000), S. 129-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0606
    Keywords: Key words. Nonconvexity, Young measure solution, Oscillations. AMS Classification. 49J45, 49K24.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract. We propose a method of finding the generalized solutions of nonconvex variational problems by solving an appropriate differential inclusion that is motivated by necessary conditions of optimality for such generalized minimizers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002459911007
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single-walled carbon nanotubes formation with a continuous CO2-laser: experiments and theory (2000)
    Springer
    Applied physics 70 (2000), S. 161-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 81.05.Tp; 51.10.+y; 34.10.+x
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. It has been proved [1] that the use of a CO2-laser system operating in continuous wave mode (cw) can be efficiently used for the production of carbon single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs). In this article we first describe in detail the variable experimental conditions (different ambient gases, static gas pressure, and gas flow) for SWNT formation and summarize the results of the characterization studies of the synthesized materials. Second, we analyze the influence of the different experimental conditions on the SWNTs formation process. We show that the heat transport, kinetic, and diffusion processes allow us to explain seemingly different formation conditions in a qualitative and semi-quantitative agreement with the experimental results. The presented self-consistent scenario for nanotube formation in a gas phase allowed us to propose future experiments on testing the mechanism of nanotube formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390050028
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