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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Social dialogues: an interim report on recent results and prospects (2000)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Industrial relations journal 31 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2338
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2338.00166
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic anisotropy and strain states of (001) and (110) colossal magnetoresistance thin films (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 2903-2905 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic anisotropy of epitaxial colossal magnetoresistance films on SrTiO3 substrates is dominated by the strain or magnetocrystalline anisotropy depending on the orientation of the film. While the magnetic anisotropy of (001) films is determined by magnetocrystalline anisotropy, that of (110) films is determined by magnetoelastic effects. Furthermore while the microstructure in the thin films has a significant effect on the coercive field, it has a correspondingly negligible effect on the magnetic anisotropy. We find a roughening surface morphology with increasing thickness that is more pronounced in (110) oriented films and can be attributed to the growth kinetics. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1321733
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of β-secretase-like activity using a mass spectrometry-based assay system (2000)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature biotechnology 18 (2000), S. 66-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] We describe an assay system for the identification of site-specific proteases. The assay is based on a protein substrate that is immobilized on ceramic beads. After incubation with cell homogenates, the beads are washed and digested with endoproteinase Lys-C to liberate a defined set of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/71944
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Pores on Mechanical Properties of Plasma-Sprayed Ceramic Coatings (2000)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 83 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effects of pore sizes, shapes, and orientations on the mechanical properties of thermally sprayed ceramic coatings are investigated. The analysis is conducted using detailed finite-element models with geometries similar to those of actual ceramic coatings containing many embedded pores. These microstructural models include many randomly placed pores of different sizes and shapes and are loaded in tension to determine their effective elastic moduli along the spray and transverse directions. We modeled coatings with statistical distributions of pore sizes and shapes that followed those of actual Al2O3–TiO2 coatings. Because the pores in such a model are of different sizes and shapes, the model must be large enough to contain sufficient pores before the average modulus obtained from uniaxial loading can be identified as an effective property. Using differently sized models, we determined the variability of the average moduli. Such information is valuable when homogenized or continuum material models are used in the stress analyses of coatings. Our computed results show that a model must be large enough to contain 50–100 pores before the averaging of properties is accurate. Using the Al2O3–TiO2 models, we also simulated microindentation tests. Unlike the results determined from uniaxial loading, the elastic moduli estimated from indentation possessed large variations. Apparently, the morphology of the pores immediately beneath the indentation or within the zone of influence has a significant effect on the response of the indenter and the measured modulus. The implications of these results and the computational capability to predict the mechanical properties of porous, plasma-sprayed ceramic coatings are discussed here.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01236.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the Brocard–Ramanujan Diophantine Equation n! + 1 = m2 (2000)
    Springer
    The Ramanujan journal 4 (2000), S. 41-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9303
    Keywords: diophantine equations ; ABC conjecture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In 1876, H. Brocard posed the problem of finding all integral solutions to n! + 1 = m2. In 1913, unaware of Brocard's query, S. Ramanujan gave the problem in the form, “The number 1 + n! is a perfect square for the values 4, 5, 7 of n. Find other values.” We report on calculations up to n = 109 and briefly discuss a related problem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009873805276
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eisenstein Series in Ramanujan's Lost Notebook (2000)
    Springer
    The Ramanujan journal 4 (2000), S. 81-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9303
    Keywords: Eisenstein series ; modular equations ; Ramanujan's lost notebook ; theta functions ; Dedekind eta function ; differential equations for Eisenstein series
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In his lost notebook, Ramanujan stated without proofs several beautifulidentities for the three classsical Eisenstein series (in Ramanujan's notation) P(q), Q(q), and R(q). The identities are given in terms of certain quotients of Dedekind eta-functions called Hauptmoduls. These identities were first proved by S. Raghavan and S.S. Rangachari, but their proofs used the theory of modular forms, with which Ramanujan was likely unfamiliar. In this paper we prove all these identities by using classical methods which would have been well known to Ramanujan. In fact, all our proofs use only results from Ramanujan's notebooks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009834123932
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-Electron Aromatics with Classical and Non-Classical Homobridges (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular modeling 6 (2000), S. 257-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 0948-5023
    Keywords: KeywordsAb initio, Boron compounds, Crystal structure, Homoaromatics, Three center two electron bond
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Bishomotriborirane anions with a B-H-B bridge, 7, have been synthesized by a) protonation and b) methylation of bishomodianions, 3, as well as by c) hydride addition to 1,2,4-triboracyclopentanes, 15. Compounds 7 were characterized by 1H, 13C and 11B NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses. The suggested mechanism for the formation of 7 is supported by MP4SDTQ/6-311++G**//MP2(fc)/6-31+G* computations on [C2B3H8]- model compounds. Classical 1,2-dibora-4-borata-cyclopentane intermediates 16 undergo an intramolecular hydrogen shift to the B-B unit in their envelope conformation to give intermediates 17, which easily isomerize to 7. Relative energies for the parent compounds, 16u, 17u, 7u and the transition structures, TS-16/17u and TS-7/17u are predicted to be 30.7, 14.5, 0.0, 32.6 and 23.5 kcal mol-1, respectively. The terms classical and non-classical homobridges are suggested for methylene and hydrogen bridges in 7 and in related compounds on the grounds of common building principles. The strength of homoaromaticity in 7u was estimated to be at least 23.5 kcal mol-1, neglecting the much higher strain in 7u compared to TS-7/17u without a 3c2e bond.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s0089400060257
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel high-temperature (360 °C)/high-pressure (30 MPa) flow system for online sample digestion applied to ICP spectrometry (2000)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 368 (2000), S. 52-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A flow injection sample digestion system has been developed comprising an indirectly electrically heated Pt/Ir capillary. Such a capillary allows reaction temperatures of up to 360 °C and pressures of up to 30 MPa (300 bar) and withstands concentrated acids. This temperature is 130 °C to 160 °C higher compared to the operating temperatures of microwave heated flow systems. A combination of an ultrasonic nebulizer and membrane desolvator serves as an interface between the flow digestion system and an ICP/AES spectrometer. The membrane desolvator removes interfering gaseous digestion products so effectively before the sample stream enters the plasma that the measured residual carbon concentration falls in the region of the detection limit of ICP/OES measurements. Sewage sludge samples were digested using nitric acid and the elemental traces online determined. The detection limits related to the original dry substances amount to the lower μg/g range.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160000449
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of Cd and Pb at μg/L levels by HHPN-beam injection flame furnace-AAS (2000)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 368 (2000), S. 649-655 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Flame-heated tubes are widespread in flame-AAS, mainly for the determination of hydride-forming elements. Instead of the introduction of gaseous compounds liquids can also be introduced continuously in such an absorption cell. With the aid of an HPLC pump the liquid is forced through a very fine nozzle, generating an aerosol beam less than 0.5 mm in diameter. This beam travels a distance of 10 cm as a “free-flying aerosol jet” into the sample introduction hole of a metal tube furnace placed in the flame. Both introduction of the entire sample and the long residence time lead to a considerable improvement in power of detection. The detection limit for 100 μL samples amounts to 7 μg/L (Pb) and to 0. 2 μg/L (Cd), which means an increase in power of detection of between one and two orders of magnitude compared to conventional flame-AAS. The relative standard deviation (100 μL sample volume, N = 10) was found to be 1.3% (signal area) for 600 μg/L Pb and to be 1.5% (signal-area) for 15 μg/L Cd. RSD values from measurements in peak-height amounted to 2.2% (Pb) and to 1.7% (Cd).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160000567
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simultaneous enzyme overlay membrane (EOM)-based in situ zymography and immunofluorescence technique reveals cathepsin B-like activity in a subset of tumour vessels (2000)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 114 (2000), S. 63-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Keywords: Angioneogenesis Cathepsin B Enzyme overlay membrane In situ zymography Oral squamous cell carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The analysis of the invasion front of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has revealed a fundamental invasion-associated remodelling of the extracellular matrix as the result of a complex regulated interplay of matrix synthesis and matrix degradation. Cysteine proteinases, in particular cathepsin B, are implicated in tumour invasion in vivo and in vitro and are thought to be important mediators of metastasis. An in situ zymographic assay based on enzyme overlay membranes (EOMs) was established to define the tissue localisation of cathepsin B activity in OSCC. Using confocal laser scanning microscopy we present a double-labelling method for the rapid and reproducible simultaneous detection of cathepsin B-like activity and cellular or extracellular antigens based on an EOM and immunofluorescence technique on frozen sections. Applying this method, cathepsin B-like activity was mainly found in vascular structures within the invasive front of OSCC. Therefore, the results suggest a particular pathogenic role of cathepsin B in tumour angioneogenesis. The method can simply be transferred to other enzymes and can be recommended for more extensive studies of proteolytic activity in human malignancies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004180000159
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