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  • Springer  (63)
  • 2020-2023
  • 2010-2014
  • 2000-2004  (63)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1940-1944
  • 1930-1934
  • 2000  (63)
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Keywords
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  • 2020-2023
  • 2010-2014
  • 2000-2004  (63)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1940-1944
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fundamental weak interaction studies using polarised nuclei and ion traps (2000)
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 129 (2000), S. 223-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Keywords: nuclear β-decay ; correlations ; right-handed currents ; scalar and tensor currents ; polarized nuclei ; Penning traps
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Two experiments to search for new physics beyond the standard model for electroweak interactions by measuring correlations between different spin and momentum vectors in nuclear β-decay are discussed. In the first experiment the correlation between the emission asymmetry and the longitudinal polarisation of positrons emitted by polarised nuclei is determined. This type of measurement is sensitive to the presence of right-handed currents but also to possible scalar and tensor-type currents in the weak interaction. The aim of the second experiment is to determine the βν-correlation in β-decay by measuring the energy spectrum of the recoil ions, using a Penning trap and a retardation spectrometer. In this case the focus is on the search for scalar currents in the weak interaction. The results of the experiments presented here are complementary to results from experiments in muon decay and at high-energy colliders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1012665917625
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase behaviour and physical properties of the cationic quaternary system tetradecyldimethylamine oxide hydrochloric acid 1-hexanol water (2000)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 278 (2000), S. 137-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Small vesicles ; Phase behaviour ; Small-angle neutron scattering ; Charged surfactants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  The phase behaviour and properties of the tetradecyldimethylamine oxide/HCl/hexanol/water quaternary surfactant system have been studied by means of electric conductivity, rheology, freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopy (FF-TEM) and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). In this system the originally zwitterionic surfactant can become increasingly charged by protonation through the addition of HCl, i.e. the degree of charging can be changed continuously. An interesting, isotropic phase (L1 * phase) of low viscosity was observed for intermediate degrees of charging. From viscosity and conductivity measurements this phase can clearly be distinguished from the conventional L1 phase that is composed of micelles. Investigation of the structures present by means of FF-TEM and SANS showed that the L1 * phase is made up of unilamellar vesicles of extremely small diameter of 8–10 nm. Evidently such highly curved structures are stabilized by the electrostatic conditions in this system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960050023
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pd nanoparticles prepared by “controlled colloidal synthesis” in solid/liquid interfacial layer on silica. I. Particle size regulation by reduction time (2000)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 65 (2000), S. 33-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: controlled colloidal synthesis (CCS) ; preparation of Pd nanoparticles ; structure and activity of Pd particles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Controlled colloidal synthesis (CCS) was developed to prepare monodisperse palladium particles in the nano-scale range on suspended SiO2 particles in an ethanol–toluene mixture. On colloidal SiO2 an about 1 nm thick ethanol-rich adsorption layer was produced in adsorption equilibrium with the liquid mixture. Ethanol served as a reducing agent for the Pd(II) ions diffusing from a toluene-rich liquid solution into the interfacial layer. The low reduction rate ensures the dominancy of particle growth over the nucleation of palladium during the reduction process after the initial nucleation. The relation between the reduction time and the particle size produced was studied. XRF, XPS, TEM, CO chemisorption, and benzene hydrogenation as catalytic test were employed to characterize the samples prepared using different reduction time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019048701152
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Counting Lattice Points by Means of the Residue Theorem (2000)
    Springer
    The Ramanujan journal 4 (2000), S. 299-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9303
    Keywords: lattice point enumeration in polytopes ; Ehrhart polynomial ; Dedekind sums
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We use the residue theorem to derive an expression for the number of lattice points in a dilated n-dimensional tetrahedron with vertices at lattice points on each coordinate axis and the origin. This expression is known as the Ehrhart polynomial. We show that it is a polynomial in t, where t is the integral dilation parameter. We prove the Ehrhart-Macdonald reciprocity law for these tetrahedra, relating the Ehrhart polynomials of the interior and the closure of the tetrahedra. To illustrate our method, we compute the Ehrhart coefficient for codimension 2. Finally, we show how our ideas can be used to compute the Ehrhart polynomial for an arbitrary convex lattice polytope.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009853104418
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Introduction (2000)
    Springer
    Constraints 5 (2000), S. 327-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9354
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009825009635
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Search for narrow dibaryon resonances in neutral pion photoproduction from the deuteron (2000)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 9 (2000), S. 309-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: PACS. 13.60.Le Meson production – 14.20.Pt Dibaryons – 25.20.Lj Photoproduction reactions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: The reaction γd↦π0 X has been measured with TAPS at MAMI in the energy range E γ = 140-300 MeV. Using the Glasgow tagging spectrometer a photon energy resolution of 0.8 MeV was achieved. The energy excitation functions of integral and differential total cross-sections show no structures of statistical significance 〉 2σ. Upper limits for the production of narrow isoscalar or isovector dibaryons with masses m? 2100 MeV/c2 were deduced. They are in the range 2-5 μb averaged over the 0.8 MeV energy resolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100500070015
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Basics, Possibilities and Limitations of the Microscopic X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis (2000)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 133 (2000), S. 51-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: Key words: Microscopic X-ray fluorescence analysis; intensity mapping; meteorite; Stromatolith.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract.  Microscopic X-ray fluorescence (MXRF) analysis was used to investigate different samples: meteorites, Jasper, coated glas and, reference materials. The element distribution within sections of two different meteorites have been determined – one metal rich and one oxide rich. The metal rich showed a matrix of Fe with Ni-, Ti-, and Si-enriched regions. The oxide rich also showed a Fe rich matrix and regions with different concentrations of other elements. A reference sample with a flat and polished but systematically tilted surface was used to assure, that roughness of the sections of the meteorites has only negligible influence. Nondestructive investigations in Jasper with included Stromatolithes, which were fossilized more than 2 billion years ago, showed the Stromatolithes to have Fe as main element instead of Si in the Jasper matrix. The thickness of Yb-layers on glas was determined from the intensity of the Yb fluorescence peak. Calibration was done by using a sample without coating and a reference sample whose thickness of the layer was determined by XRD reflectometry. Futhermore it has been shown that materials can be analysed even if mounted in glas capillaries or covered by plastic foils. By using Mark capillaries the elements from S to U may be detected instead of Na to U while working in vacuum mode.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s006040070071
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retail Characteristics and Ownership Structure (2000)
    Springer
    Small business economics 14 (2000), S. 157-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0913
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract The choice of vertical relationships between an upstream manufacturer and a set of heterogeneous downstream retailers/entrepreneurs is examined using a principal-agent framework. Standard principal-agent theory predicts that as unobservable effort exerted by the retailer/entrepreneur becomes more important to the manufacturer, contracts between the manufacturer and agent will entail strong incentives and less direct control. The observability of effort is linked to retail characteristics in the gasoline industry, and station-level data on retail characteristics and ownership structure from every gasoline station in the Los Angeles retail gasoline market from 1992–1996 confirm the model's predictions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008111500230
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of differential rotation measurements – (Invited Review) (2000)
    Springer
    Solar physics 191 (2000), S. 47-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Observers have long measured solar rotation with different techniques and obtained different results. This paper compares differential rotation measurements from four techniques: Doppler shift, Doppler feature tracking, magnetic feature tracking, and p-mode splittings. The different rotation rates measured by the first three techniques are interpreted as rotation rates of solar phenomena which depend on the properties and depth of that which is measured. This interpretation is supported by comparison with rotation measurements obtained from p-mode splittings except for Doppler features. The rotation rate of the plasma corresponds to the surface rate obtained by inversions; the rates of magnetic features correspond to the rotation rate at various depths within the convection zone. Supergranulation rotates at a rate greater than the maximum rotation rate within the convection zone, suggesting that supergranules are not simple convection cells anchored at a particular depth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005226402796
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Photospheric Convection Spectrum (2000)
    Springer
    Solar physics 193 (2000), S. 299-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Spectra of the cellular photospheric flows are determined from observations acquired by the MDI instrument on the SOHO spacecraft. Spherical harmonic spectra are obtained from the full-disk observations. Fourier spectra are obtained from the high-resolution observations. The p-mode oscillation signal and instrumental artifacts are reduced by temporal filtering of the Doppler data. The resulting spectra give power (kinetic energy) per wave number for effective spherical harmonic degrees from 1 to over 3000. Significant power is found at all wavenumbers, including the small wavenumbers representative of giant cells. The time evolution of the spectral coefficients indicates that these small wavenumber components rotate at the solar rotation rate and thus represent a component of the photospheric cellular flows. The spectra show distinct peaks representing granules and supergranules but no distinct features at wavenumbers representative of mesogranules or giant cells. The observed cellular patterns and spectra are well represented by a model that includes two distinct modes – granules and supergranules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005200809766
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