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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of a Pour-on Formulation of Fipronil Against Boophilus Annulatus (Acari: Ixodidae) Under Natural South Texas Field Conditions (1999)
    Springer
    Experimental and applied acarology 23 (1999), S. 351-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9702
    Keywords: Boophilus annulatus ; Acari ; fipronil ; acaricide ; pour-on ; field study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A long-term field study (60 consecutive weeks) was conducted to determine whether a Boophilus annulatus (Say) population could be eradicated through repeated applications of a 1% pour-on formulation of fipronil on cattle held in an infested pasture. Animals treated repeatedly over time (seven applications) were infested with significantly fewer (p 〈 0.05) female ticks (5 mm in size) than untreated animals in all except one of the 57 weekly tick counts conducted after the first treatment was applied. As the number of treatments increased over time, there was a progressive decrease in the number of instances in which engorging females were observed on the treated cattle. Tick numbers obtained from sentinel cattle placed in pasture with untreated and treated cattle at various intervals throughout the study indicated that a single fipronil treatment had no observable adverse effect on the field tick population. However, after two treatments had been applied, there were always dramatically fewer ticks obtained from sentinel animals placed with treated cattle than were observed on sentinel animals placed with untreated cattle. Furthermore, tick numbers obtained from sentinel cattle placed with treated cattle over time indicated that the tick population in the pasture declined by stages. While a single treatment had no effect on the tick population, the application of two to four fipronil treatments at various intervals dramatically reduced the tick population, even though substantial numbers of females were still present on the sentinel animals. Ultimately, the application of five to seven fipronil treatments resulted in an extremely low tick population in the pasture, although total eradication of the population was not achieved during the study. The mean weight gain of treated animals was significantly higher (p 〈 0.05) than untreated animals during the study, indicating that the fipronil treatments had a highly beneficial impact on weight gain production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006183419301
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single-machine scheduling with sequence dependent setup to minimize total weighted squared tardiness (1999)
    Springer
    IIE transactions 31 (1999), S. 113-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9724
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper addresses the NP-hard problem of scheduling N independent jobs on a single machine with release dates, due dates, sequence dependent setup times, and no preemption where the objective is to minimize the weighted sum of squared tardiness. A Lagrangian relaxation based approach is developed for single-machine scheduling with sequence dependent setup times that is based on a list scheduling concept in conjunction with Lagrangian relaxation. Sequence dependent setup times are formulated as capacity constraints, and then are relaxed using Lagrangian multipliers. The primal problem is decomposed into job-level subproblems which are solved optimally and an approximate dual problem is then solved using a sub-gradient technique. The result of the relaxation is a list of jobs sequenced by beginning times that is then improved via a three-way swap. Experimental results are compared with EDD (Earliest Due Date) and ATCS (Apparent Tardiness Cost with Setups) dispatching rules, a four-way swap local search, tabu search, and simulated annealing. The adopted approach results in superior solution quality with respect to EED, ATCS, four-way swap, and tabu search results. It has comparable solution quality to the simulated annealing results, but is substantially more computationally efficient. Overall, the approach is capable of dealing with realistically sized single machine scheduling problems with release dates, due dates, and sequence dependent setup times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007508400656
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Renewable Resource Policy When Distributional Impacts Matter (1999)
    Springer
    Environmental and resource economics 14 (1999), S. 191-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1502
    Keywords: optimal control ; policy design ; public choice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Economics
    Notes: Abstract The standard assumption in bioeconomic resource models is that optimal policies maximize the present value of economic surplus to society. This assumption implies that regulatory agencies should not be concerned with the distributional consequences of management strategies. Both contemporary welfare-theoretic and rent-seeking approaches suggests distributional issues are important in designing resource management policies. This paper explores resource management when the managing agency has preferences defined over the economic welfare of various groups with a direct economic interest in the use of resources. Policy schemes consistent with this approach are derived and compared with standard results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008359115385
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal Management of Multiple Renewable Resource Stocks: An Application to Minke Whales (1999)
    Springer
    Environmental and resource economics 13 (1999), S. 435-458 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1502
    Keywords: bioeconomics ; multiple stocks ; humane values ; Minke whales ; Monte Carlo analysis ; uncertainty
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Economics
    Notes: Abstract Most bioeconomic models of efficient renewable resource management are constructed for a single harvesting ground. A bioeconomic model is developed in this paper to study the optimal management of renewable resources that are found in spatially distinct harvesting grounds. The model is applied to Minke whale management. Important inter-regional substitution effects are shown to exist. In addition, comparison with previous studies shows that multiple stock management is necessary for efficient management. Finally, the current Minke whale moratorium is shown to be inefficient unless significant nonmarket values exist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008261710951
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parameter Uncertainty in CGE Modeling of the Environmental Impacts of Economic Policies (1999)
    Springer
    Environmental and resource economics 14 (1999), S. 75-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1502
    Keywords: CGE ; Costa Rica ; environmental indicators ; Monte Carlo ; parameter values ; trade policy ; uncertainty
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Economics
    Notes: Abstract This study explores the role of parameter uncertainty in CGE modeling of the environmental impacts of macroeconomic and sectoral policies, using Costa Rica as a case for study. A CGE model is constructed which includes eight environmental indicators covering deforestation, pesticides, overfishing, hazardous wastes, inorganic wastes, organic wastes, greenhouse gases, and air pollution. The parameters are treated as random variables drawn from prespecified distributions. Evaluation of each policy option consists of a Monte Carlo experiment. The impacts of the policy options on the environmental indicators are relatively robust to different parameter values, in spite of the wide range of parameter values employed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008362712759
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Science and Technology of Nanostructures in the Department of Defense (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of nanoparticle research 1 (1999), S. 501-505 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-896X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The United States Department of Defense maintains a research and development program in nanostructures with special attention to miniaturization of information technology devices, nanostructured materials, and nanobiotechnology for detection of biological agents. This article provides a brief guide to those DoD funding officers and research scientists actively interested in nanostructures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010032706804
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Volumetric Deformation Analysis Using Mechanics-Based Data Fusion: Applications in Cardiac Motion Recovery (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of computer vision 35 (1999), S. 87-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1405
    Keywords: nonrigid motion ; cardiac motion ; continuum model ; data fusion ; physics-based vision ; biomedical image analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract Non-rigid motion estimation from image sequences is essential in analyzing and understanding the dynamic behavior of physical objects. One important example is the dense field motion analysis of the cardiac wall, which could potentially help to better understand the physiological processes associated with heart disease and to provide improvement in patient diagnosis and treatment. In this paper, we present a new method of estimating volumetric deformation by integrating intrinsic instantaneous velocity data with geometrical token displacement information, based upon continuum mechanics principles. This object-dependent approach allows the incorporation of physically meaningful constraints into the ill-posed motion recovery problem, and the integration of the two disparate but complementary data sources overcomes some of the limitations of the single-image-source-based motion estimation approaches.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008163112590
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computational Vision at Yale (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of computer vision 35 (1999), S. 5-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1405
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract We present a brief introduction to the five articles that make up this special issue: Shock Graphs and Shape Matching, The Bas-Relief Ambiguity, Incremental Focus of Attention for Robust Vision Based Tracking, What Tasks can be Performed with an Uncalibrated Stereo Vision System, and Volumetric Deformation Analysis Using Mechanics-Based Data Fusion: Application in Cardiac Motion Recovery. Tjis introduction and accompanying articles provide a by no means exhaustive, but hopefully representative sampling of the computational vision at Yale University.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008181109865
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship Between Spectral Data from an Aerial Image and Soil Organic Matter and Phosphorus Levels (1999)
    Springer
    Precision agriculture 1 (1999), S. 291-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1618
    Keywords: grid sampling ; soil test ; brightness values ; skewness ; kurtosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Early ventures into site-specific management involved fertilizer management decisions based on soil chemical properties characterized by some form of grid sampling. This is both labor and capital intensive and practitioners quickly began investigating other methods to get a measure of spatial variability. Aerial photographs, which were mainly used to evaluate and assess crop status, allow for the collection of whole-field data at relatively low cost. Our objective is to determine what relationships exist between aerial spectral data and intensive grid soil test results and whether this information can be used to improve future soil sampling strategies. Soil-test organic matter (OM) and Bray-1 P concentrations were measured on soil samples taken using an alternating 12.2- by 24.4-m grid in late March 1994 from a quarter section under center pivot irrigation. Spectral data were collected in the spring of 1996 prior to planting using a multispectral network of digital cameras. Correlations of brightness values from the blue, green, and NIR bands with both OM and Bray-1 P were significant, but relatively low. Normality tests revealed that brightness values for the spectral data sets were generally evenly distributed while those of the soil test OM and Bray-1 P were positively skewed. Many of the very high soil-test data values were due to past management. When those values were removed from the database, greater correlations between spectral data and soil test data were obtained. These results substantiated that aerial imagery can be used to improve sampling strategies, but it must be used in conjunction with existing knowledge and past management histories.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009973008521
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthetic peptides induce antibodies in sheep against Taenia ovis (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of peptide research and therapeutics 6 (1999), S. 303-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3904
    Keywords: antibody ; epitope ; sheep ; synthetic peptide ; Taenia ovis ; vaccine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Two peptides corresponding to putative protective regions located at the N- and C-termini of the host-protective T. ovis recombinant antigen, 45W, were synthesized. Antibodies raised against 45W and 45WB/X, a truncated form of 45W, were found to react strongly with the N-terminal peptide. When sheep were immunised with each peptide alone, the N-terminal peptide was found to be highly immunogenic, whereas the C-terminal peptide required conjugation to a carrier protein to be immunogenic. Both these immunogens elicited antibodies that cross-reacted with the parent protein; however, only antibodies directed toward the N-terminal peptide were able to bind antigens from the T. ovis oncosphere. Significant protection against challenge infection was not provided by any of the peptide immunogens used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008942132205
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