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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Different types of resistance against greenbug, Schizaphis graminum Rond, and the Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia Mordvilko, in wheat (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 118 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A collection of 26 cultivars of wheat Triticum aestivum were screened for resistance against the two main aphid pests of cereals, the greenbug Schizaphis graminum Rond. and the Russian wheat aphid (RWA) Diuraphis noxia Mordvilko. Since genetic variability has been found in Argentinean populations of both aphid species, this work was aimed at determining the response of different types of resistance in wheat cultivars when infested with aphids. Antixenosis, antibiosis and tolerance were evaluated with traditional tests in controlled environmental conditions using a clone of greenbug biotype C and a clone of RWA collected on wheat. Genetic resistance was found against one or both aphid species in several wheats. Most of the highest levels of antixenosis, antibiosis and tolerance against the two aphids occurred in different cultivars; as a consequence the resistance mechanisms for both pests appear to be partly independent. Antibiosis against greenbug or RWA appears to be determined by two different sets of genes, one affecting development time and the other reducing fecundity and longevity. The antibiosis against both aphid species in terms of their development time and the intrinsic rate of population increase resulted in a partial cross effect of these aphid traits against the alternative insect species. Nonetheless, the same cultivars affected the total fertility and the longevity of both aphids. Since the highest plant performance levels and the least plant damage were recorded in different wheats, different patterns of tolerance were displayed against the greenbug and the RWA. Consequently, different genes appear to be involved in several traits of the resistance mechanisms against the two aphids. The genes that independently conferred resistance to aphids could be combined in new cultivars of wheat to broaden their genetic base of resistance against the greenbug and the RWA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.1999.118002131.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biosorption of copper and zinc by Cymodocea nodosa (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology reviews 23 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6976
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The adsorption of the two metal ions Cu and Zn in a single-component system by Cymodocea nodosa, a brown alga, under different pH conditions was investigated. The solution pH significantly affected the exhibited uptake, being maximum at a pH value of 4.5. Multi-component mixture biosorption in aqueous solutions is also reported. A comparison was made between the single-component saturation uptake and the multi-component uptakes. To evaluate the two-metal sorption system performance, simple isotherm curves had to be replaced by three-dimensional sorption isotherm surfaces. In order to describe the isotherm surfaces mathematically, three Langmuir-type models were evaluated. The isotherms indicate a competitive uptake with Cu being preferentially adsorbed. In addition, different tests were carried out to compare the process efficiency working continuously in small columns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.1999.tb00411.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study on the interaction of diarylbutadiynes with free radicals: Interaction with propagating radicals of some vinyl monomers (1999)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 43 (1999), S. 357-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In order to study the nature of interaction of arylbutadiynes with transient free radicals, polymerization and copolymerization of some vinyl monomers such as methyl methacrylate (MMA), styrene (ST), methacrylonitrile (MAN), vinylidene chloride (VCl2), ethyl acrylate (EA) and acrylonitrile (AN), were carried out in the presence of diphenylbutadiyne (DPB), 4,4'-butadiynylene-N,N,N',N'-tetra-n-butyl-dibenzamide (BBA), and 4,4'-dibromodiphenylbutadiyne (BPB). MMA gave an intense ESR signal at the polymerization temperature when the polymerization system became viscous, and the number of radicals increased with polymerization time. Strong signals of polyEA and polyMAN radicals were also observed in the presence of DPB when the polymerization system became almost solid. This is a unique case where active transient propagating radicals such as that of polyEA can be detected at polymerization temperature. The rates of polymerization decreased by the presence of the diacetylenes, but the molecular weights did not change with the diacetylene concentrations. UV spectroscopy revealed that there was no diacetylene unit bonded to the obtained polymers, indicating that degradative chain transfer is not the case. The monomer reactivity ratios for MMA-ST and MMA-AN systems did not vary significantly in the presence of the diacetylenes, although some difference was observed. It seems that some arylbutadiynes interact with free radicals but do not form bonds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002890050622
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrodeposition of indium and zinc on aluminium (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 245-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: aluminium ; electrodeposition ; indium ; zinc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Zinc and indium were deposited from sulphate and chloride electrolytes onto aluminium electrodes under potentiostatic conditions. The role of the anion, pH, cation concentration, cathodic potential and agitation were investigated. The deposit morphology and composition were studied by SEM and EDX. Potentiodynamic and galvanostatic techniques were also applied for product characterization. Once a critical amount of Zn was deposited preferred In deposition began without agitation. But under rotation or at low cathodic potentials Zn2+ discharge became the prevalent reaction. The results support the earlier hypothesis of the preferential adsorption of Zn ions [1].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003487808354
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrodeposition of Zn and In onto vitreous carbon (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 1297-1304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: electrodeposition ; indium ; vitreous carbon ; zinc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The deposition of indium and zinc on vitreous carbon was studied by voltammetric, galvanostatic and single potentiostatic pulse techniques. The morphology and composition of deposits were analysed by SEM/EDX. The codeposition process occurs without the formation of alloys or intermetallic compounds. On the one hand under stagnant conditions or at low electrode rotation speeds, localized alkalization produced by the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) favours deposition through an indium hydroxide layer, and deposits with the same atomic percentage of In and Zn are attained. On the other hand, under electrode rotation, preferred deposition of Zn takes place. In this case, the reduction of H+ by the In+ species, intermediate in the In3+ reduction process, diminishes the electrochemical HER on the substrate thus favouring Zn deposition. The higher nucleation rate on metallic deposits previously formed on the vitreous carbon surface is also likely.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003777023798
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Error estimates for the patching method in the bidimensional case (1999)
    Springer
    Numerische Mathematik 82 (1999), S. 621-634 
    Details
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: Mathematics Subject Classification (1991):65N35
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002110050433
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of sodium chloride thin films obtained by pulsed laser deposition (1999)
    Springer
    Applied physics 69 (1999), S. S491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 81.15.Fg; 68.55.Jk
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Sodium chloride thin films were synthesized by pulsed laser ablation from monocrystalline and sintered targets. The structure of the films is characterized by X-ray diffraction and their surface quality is characterized by scanning electron microscopy. From thermoluminescence spectra, two different types of defects are identified as cation vacancies and chlorine interstitials. This thermoluminescence in the UV-visible has been observed by heating the samples up to 600 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390051449
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrochemical Study of 4-Nitrophenol at a Modified Carbon Paste Electrode (1999)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 132 (1999), S. 7-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: Key words: 4-Nitrophenol; differential pulse voltammetry; zeolite-modified carbon paste electrode.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  A zeolite-modified carbon paste electrode (CPE) has been used for the determination of 4-nitrophenol by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The electrochemical reduction of 4-nitrophenol at −1.0 V is carried out in a Britton-Robinson medium at pH 3.5. The cyclic voltammetric (CV) behaviour has been investigated to study the nature of the process. Studies on the effect of pH were carried out over the pH range 2–9 with the Britton-Robinson buffer solution, and the influence of pH on peak height and peak potential was analyzed. A linear relationship between peak intensity and concentration is obtained in the range 0.2–10 mg L−1, with a detection limit of 0.04 mg L−1; a relative standard deviation of 1.5% for a 5 mg L−1 4-nitrophenol concentration and a relative error of 2.6% were also obtained (n=11).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00010076
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Event-Based Techniques to Debug an Object Request Broker (1999)
    Springer
    The journal of supercomputing 13 (1999), S. 133-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0484
    Keywords: Distributed Debugging ; Object Request Broker ; Fault Injection ; Behavior modeling ; software instrumentation ; events
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract This work presents a debugging system built for the Object Request Broker (ORB) used in the construction of Solaris MC, a multicomputer OS. Even though it has been built and tested on a particular ORB, we believe similar ideas could be employed on other ORBs with similar structure and goals. The goal of this system is to provide a means to stress the ORB behavior in a controlled manner while logging the events occurred during its execution. The tool, called the Fault Injection and Event Logging Tool (FIELT) helps system programmers to find possible inconsistencies in the code by means of a post-mortem analysis of the collected trace data. The approach taken to design the event logging follows the event-driven techniques to monitorize distributed systems. Failures in the ORB are injected by software instrumentation and these injected failures are considered as special events. This allows us to reason about the correctness of the ORB in a broad sense, where its expected behavior includes to gracefully cope with failures. The number of potentially relevant events produced during the ORB execution is unmanageably high. There is, thus, a need to find a minimum subset of those events which, without losing relevant system behavior, allows us to infer its correctness (or lack of). We address this problem using a new model for ORB computations, assigning each event produced by the ORB to one of the high level objects it manages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008092327910
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The plasminogen activator system: biology and regulation (1999)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 56 (1999), S. 104-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Key words. Cell invasion; cell motility; fibrinolysis; metastasis; mRNA stability; plasminogen activator; plasminogen activator inhibitor; signal transduction; transcriptional regulation; uPA receptor.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The regulation of plasminogen activation involves genes for two plasminogen activators (tissue type and urokinase type), two specific inhibitors (type 1 and type 2), and a membrane-anchored urokinase-type plasminogen-activator-specific receptor. This system plays an important role in various biological processes involving extracellular proteolysis. Recent studies have revealed that the system, through interplay with integrins and the extracellular matrix protein vitronectin, is also involved in the regulation of cell migration and proliferation in a manner independent of proteolytic activity. The genes are expressed in many different cell types and their expression is under the control of diverse extracellular signals. Gene expression reflects the levels of the corresponding mRNA, which should be the net result of synthesis and degradation. Thus, modulation of mRNA stability is an important factor in overall regulation. This review summarizes current understanding of the biology and regulation of genes involved in plasminogen activation at different levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00000615
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