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  • Springer  (88)
  • Cambridge University Press  (8)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
  • 2000-2004
  • 1995-1999  (100)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1999  (100)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MAMMALIAN DNA MISMATCH REPAIR (1999)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Genetics 33 (1999), S. 533-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4197
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is one of multiple replication, repair, and recombination processes that are required to maintain genomic stability in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In the wake of the discoveries that hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) and other human cancers are associated with mutations in MMR genes, intensive efforts are under way to elucidate the biochemical functions of mammalian MutS and MutL homologs, and the consequences of defects in these genes. Genetic studies in cultured mammalian cells and mice are proving to be instrumental in defining the relationship between the functions of MMR in mutation and tumor avoidance. Furthermore, these approaches have raised awareness that MMR homologs contribute to DNA damage surveillance, transcription-coupled repair, and recombinogenic and meiotic processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.genet.33.1.533
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CYTOTOXICITY OF SHORT-CHAIN ALCOHOLS (1999)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Pharmacology 39 (1999), S. 127-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-1642
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Ethanol and other short-chain alcohols elicit a number of cellular responses that are potentially cytotoxic and, to some extent, independent of cell type. Aberrations in phospholipid and fatty acid metabolism, changes in the cellular redox state, disruptions of the energy state, and increased production of reactive oxygen metabolites have been implicated in cellular damage resulting from acute or chronic exposure to short-chain alcohols. Resulting disruptions of intracellular signaling cascades through interference with the synthesis of phosphatidic acid, decreases in phosphorylation potential and lipid peroxidation are mechanisms by which solvent alcohols can affect the rate of cell proliferation and, consequently, cell number. Nonoxidative metabolism of short-chain alcohols, including phospholipase D-mediated synthesis of alcohol phospholipids, and the synthesis of fatty acid alcohol esters are additional mechanisms by which alcohols can affect membrane structure and compromise cell function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.39.1.127
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pan, Lynn: The Encyclopedia of the Chinese Overseas : Surrey, Curzon, 1998 (1999)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 159 (1999), S. 764-765 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000003684
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbial process for preparation of glucuronides of raloxifene (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 23 (1999), S. 194-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: raloxifene; glucuronidation; Streptomyces sp NRRL 21489
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Raloxifene, also known as Evista®, has recently been approved for the prevention of osteoporosis. Three glucuronidated compounds: raloxifene-6-glucuronide, raloxifene-27-glucuronide, and raloxifene-6,27-diglucuronide are known metabolites of raloxifene in man. Reference standards of the three glucuronides were needed for clinical trials. Although chemical routes exist to make the two mono-glucuronides, these routes were unable to provide material to meet the needs of clinical trial standards. No chemical route existed to synthesize the di-glucuronide. A bioconversion process using the microorganism Streptomyces sp NRRL 21489 was identified and scaled up. The biotranformation products were prepared in a tank fermentation, purified, and characterized by UV, LC/MS and NMR spectroscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900716
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hybrid GPS + GLONASS (1999)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 3 (1999), S. 32-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: The hybridization of GPS with GLONASS has formed a first stage in GNSS development. We examine the performance of the hybrid system in the position domain for both code and carrier phase cases. Several major differences exist between GPS and GLONASS; most significant is GLONASS's signal frequency diversity, which can lead to measurement bias, particularly so when a pair of receivers are operating at different temperatures. Unless signal frequency diversity is addressed either on-receiver or at the data processing stage, positioning errors can occur at the centimeter level. We outline the difficulties of combining observations from the two systems and discuss how these may be overcome. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00012777
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal structure of [WBr2(CO)(PPh2Cy)2(η2-MeC2Me)]·CH2Cl2 (Cy = cyclohexyl) (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 29 (1999), S. 809-812 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: tungsten(II) ; dibromo ; carbonyl ; diphenylcyclohexylphosphine ; but-2-yne ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract [WBr2(Co)(PPh2Cy)2(η2-MeC2Me)]·CH2Cl2 (Cy = cyclohexyl) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group, P21/n, with a = 10.606(12), b = 23.11(3), c = 18.19(2) Å, β = 106.070(10) Dcalc = 1.610g cm−3 for Z = 4. The tungsten coordination geometry can best be considered as a distorted octahedron, with the but-2-yne ligand occupying one coordination site, which has a trans-Br(2) group. The equatorial plane is made up of trans-PPh2Cy groups, with the bromo and carbonyl ligands occupying the other two sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009599821025
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and crystal structure of [WI(CO)(cis-dppen) η2-MeC2Me)2]I·CH2Cl2 {cis-dppen = bis(diphenylphosphino)ethene} (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 29 (1999), S. 907-911 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: tungsten(II) ; Iodo ; carbonyl ; cis-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethene ; but-2-yne ; cationic ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The complex [WI(CO)(cis-dppen)(η2-MeC2Me)2]I·CH2Cl2(1) is prepared as a by-product from the reaction of equimolar quantities of [WI2(CO)(NCMe)(η2-MeC2Me)2] and cisdppen {dppen = bis(diphenylphosphino)ethene}. Complex 1, [WI(CO)(cis-dppen)(η2-MeC2Me)2]I·CH2Cl2 crystallizes in the triclinic space group $${\text{P}}\bar 1$$ with a = 11.189(13), b = 12.331(14), c = 15.395(17) Å, α = 83.61(1), β = 86.06(1), γ = 64.48(1)°, U = 1904 Å3, and Z = 2. The metal environment in the cation can best be considered as a distorted octahedron with the two but-2-yne groups taking up individual sites trans to phosphorus atoms of the dppen ligand. The coordination sphere is completed by mutually trans-carbonyl and iodide groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009526012075
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Learning Orientation, Market Orientation, and Innovation: Integrating and Extending Models of Organizational Performance (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of market-focused management 4 (1999), S. 295-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8846
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract Recent studies have demonstrated effects of learning orientation or market orientation on innovation-driven organizational performance. While these studies have enhanced our understanding of innovation processes in the firm, they have been unable to determine the relative contribution of learning orientation and market orientation to innovation. The integration of these two fundamental strategic orientations in this research enables such an assessment. The model in this research also measures the degree to which market orientation and learning orientation influence organizational performance, independent of their effect on product innovation. The most notable finding is the potential preeminence of learning orientation over market orientation. The implications are of critical importance to marketers because they provide insights into the type of organizational culture that is associated with high levels of performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009830402395
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aggressive Interactions and Risk of Fish Predation for Larval Damselflies (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 12 (1999), S. 213-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: aggression ; predation risk ; damselflies ; Odonata
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Larval damselflies frequently engage in aggressive interactions that may increase their risk of fish predation. To test this we analyzed the behavior of larval Ischnura verticalis exposed to both conspecifics and fish predators. Larvae in the presence of conspecifics oriented, struck, and swam more but crawled less compared to solitary larvae; the presence of fish reduced, or tended to reduce, all behaviors. Fish struck more at interacting larvae compared to noninteracting larvae. Increased attack rate by fish likely reflects the increase in the very active swimming behavior by larvae and suggests a conflict between antipredator behaviors. Swimming is an appropriate response to avoid predation by odonate larvae which normally ambush prey but is clearly dangerous when fast-swimming fish that cue in on movement are nearby.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020966817008
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antagonistic Effect of (Z)-11-Hexadecen-1-ol on the Pheromone-Mediated Flight of Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 12 (1999), S. 701-710 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: Helicoverpa zea ; upwind flight ; sex pheromone ; antagonist ; wind tunnel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Flight-tunnel experiments were conducted using Helicoverpa zea males to determine whether or not (Z)-11-hexadecen-1-ol (Z11-16:OH), a compound emitted by another heliothine moth species, Heliothis subflexa, is a behavioral antagonist when admixed with the two-component pheromone blend of H. zea. Males were less likely to fly upwind all the way to the source when 0.3% Z11-16:OH was present in the blend. Even 0.1% Z11-16:OH caused differences in the flight behavior of H. zea males; they steered more off the windline than males responding to the pheromone blend alone, resulting in more oblique track angles. Thus Z11-16:OH appears to act antagonistically, along with another compound, (Z)-11-hexadecen-1-ol acetate (Z11-16:Ac), when it is added to the H. zea pheromone blend.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020935905506
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