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  • Springer  (90)
  • Cambridge University Press  (11)
  • 2005-2009
  • 2000-2004
  • 1995-1999  (101)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1999  (101)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-employment in Shanghai: A Research Note (1999)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 157 (1999), S. 22-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: During the 1980s market reforms proceeded more slowly in Shanghai than in other Chinese coastal cities. Bureaucratic procedures had continued to determine employment conditions and few city residents assumed the risks of entrepreneurship. The pace of marketization quickened in the early nineties and, between 1990 and 1995, the percentage of Shanghainese working outside the state or collective sectors grew by a factor of ten. For the first time since the launching of the economic reforms, private sector activity approached parity with Guangzhou (see Table 1).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000040194
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative sampling of indoor air biomass by signature lipid biomarker analysis (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 22 (1999), S. 80-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: airborne bacteria; phospholipid fatty acids; human health
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Exposure to airborne biocontaminants may result in a multitude of health effects and is related to a pronounced increase in adult-onset asthma. Established culture-based procedures for quantifying microbial biomass from airborne environments have severe limitations. Assay of the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) components of airborne microorganisms provides a quantitative method to define biomass, community composition and nutritional/physiological activity of the microbial community. By collecting airborne particulate matter from a high volume via filtration, we collected sufficient biomass for quantitative PLFA analysis. Comparing high (filtration) and low (impaction) volume air sampling techniques at 26 locations within the Eastern United States, we determined that PLFA analysis provided a viable alternative to the established but flawed culture-based techniques for measuring airborne microbial biomass and community composition. Compared to the PLFA analysis, the culture techniques underestimated the actual viable airborne biomass present by between one to three orders of magnitude. A case study of a manufacturing plant at which there had been complaints regarding the indoor air quality is presented. Phospholipid fatty acid characterization of the biomass enabled contamination point source determination. In comparison with samples taken outdoors, increases in the relative proportion of trans PLFA, reflecting shifts in the physiological status of viable airborne Gram-negative bacteria, were detected in the indoor air samples at a majority of sampling sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900609
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A chemically-defined medium supporting growth and providing cells converting compactin to pravastatin (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 22 (1999), S. 78-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: Actinomadura; pravastatin; compactin; nutrition; vitamins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Actinomadura sp strain 2966, which converts compactin to pravastatin, requires vitamins to support its growth. Addition of folic acid, thiamine and cyanocobalamine allowed growth in chemically-defined medium. Cells grown in a chemically-defined medium were as capable of converting compactin to pravastatin as cells grown in a complex medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900602
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aminolaevulinic Acid-induced Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Dysplastic Barrett's Oesophagus and Adenocarcinoma (1999)
    Springer
    Lasers in medical science 14 (1999), S. 278-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-604X
    Keywords: Keywords: Adenocarcinoma; Aminolaevulinic acid; Barrett's oesophagus; Dysplasia; Photodynamic therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Physics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract . Photodynamic therapy (PDT) may have a role in the prevention of oesophageal cancer. Ten patients with Barrett's oesophagus, three with low-grade dysplasia (LGD), four with high-grade dysplasia (HGD), one with carcinoma in situ and two with invasive carcinoma, were treated with PDT. All received 30 mg/kg aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) followed 4 h later by laser endoscopy. Half were treated with red light (630 nm; 100 mW/cm2 for 1000 s) and half with green light (514 nm; 100 mW/cm2 for 500 s). Columnar epithelial regression was seen in all patients with dysplasia (mean area decrease 44%; range 10–100%), with apparent elimination of dysplasia in all cases. In patients with in situ or invasive carcinoma, no response was seen. ALA-induced PDT, using either red or green light, produces effective ablation of dysplastic Barrett's oesophagus, hence may have a role in the prevention of oesophageal carcinoma, but has little effect on in situ or invasive adenocarcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101030050095
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Frequency-locking effects in an electro-optical bistable system with long delay (1999)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 31 (1999), S. 131-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper reports the important effects of frequency-locking in an electro-optical bistable system with long delay. The mechanism of the locking behaviour is discussed from the viewpoint of power spectrum and the linear eigen modes of the system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006966211602
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrochemical evaluation of molybdenum nitride electrodes in H2SO4 electrolyte (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 75-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: molybdenum nitride electrodes ; capacitors ; H2SO4electrolytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The electrochemical stability of polycrystalline thin film MoxN (x=1 and 2) electrodes deposited on previously nitrided polycrystalline Ti and bare Ti substrates and exposed to 4.4m H2SO4 electrolyte has been investigated. The electrodes were prepared by a temperature programmed procedure involving the reaction of MoO3 films and NH3. Cyclic voltammetry and a.c. impedance spectroscopy indicated that the range of electrochemical voltage stability in the electrolyte of the MoxN films on nitrided Ti substrates, referenced to a standard hydrogen electrode to be −0.01 to+0.69V. These electrodes had a calculated capacitance of about 315Fcm−3. The MoxN films on Ti substrates were electrochemically stable from −0.01 to +0.67V; however, they contained unconverted MoO2 which acted to reduce the calculated capacitance to about 210Fcm−3. At and above +0.70V and +0.68V on nitrided Ti and Ti substrates, respectively, an electrochemical reaction occurred. The formation of an amorphous phase in the reacted MoxN films was indicated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) showed increases in the atomic concentrations of hydrogen, oxygen and sulfur in the reacted films. The voltage bias applied to the electrodes influenced the chemical composition of the reacted films.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003460529736
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    syn,E-1-cyclopentano-4-ethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone and syn,E-1-cyclopentano-4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 29 (1999), S. 429-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: structure ; thiosemicarbazide ; infrared ; nmr ; hydrogen-bonding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The structures of two thiosemicarbazones are described: syn,E-1-cyclopentano-4-ethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (1) and syn,E-1-cyclopentano-4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (2). Crystal data: for 1: tetragonal, P43 (#78), a = b = 8.922(7) Å, c = 12.899(13) Å, and Z = 4; for 2: monoclinic a = 15.163(18) Å, b = 7.482(5) Å, c = 12.467(15) Å, β = 119.04(7)°, and Z = 4. In 1, molecules are linked by hydrogen-bonding into infinite chains with non-planar 9-ring subunits in which thioamides interact with the H—N—C—N—N groups of neighbors. Thioamide groups in 2 form dimers linked by N—B···HS hydrogen-bonds with a planar 8-ring as in solid state structures of carboxylic acids. The semicarbazide syn conformation fosters formation of N—H···N intramolecular hydrogen-bonding in each structure. The solid state structures are consistent with their infrared and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009515111029
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal consumption and exploration: A case studyin piecewise‐deterministic Markov modelling (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 88 (1999), S. 121-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract The subject of this paper is modelling and optimal control of consumption and explorationof non‐renewable resources via piecewise‐deterministic Markov processes (PDP). Ingeneral, one assumes that new reserves are found at random times T 1 , T 2 , T 3 ,..., where theinter‐arrival times are exponentially distributed. The amount of resource found at each T i is also a random variable with a given distribution. This process falls into the category ofPDP. In this paper, we clearly show how one can apply the PDP optimal control theory tothe optimal consumption and exploration of non‐renewable resources under uncertain exploration.The advantage of using a PDP model is that no matter how complicated thedynamics, utility function and distribution functions are, as long as they satisfy some mildassumptions, one can easily transform the problem into a deterministic optimal controlproblem, which can be solved iteratively with guaranteed convergence for the value function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018918027153
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Research Perspective for Information Systems and Example of Emerging Area of Research (1999)
    Springer
    Information systems frontiers 1 (1999), S. 195-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9419
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010094126762
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Triple Positive Solutions for Multipoint Conjugate Boundary Value Problems (1999)
    Springer
    Georgian mathematical journal 6 (1999), S. 415-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9176
    Keywords: Multiple positive solutions ; multipoint conjugate boundary value problem ; fixed points
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract For the nth order nonlinear differential equation y (n)(t)=f(y(t)), t ∈ [0,1], satisfying the multipoint conjugate boundary conditions, y (j)(ai) = 0,1 ≤ i ≤ k, 0 ≤ j ≤ n i - 1, 0 =a 1 〈 a 2 〈 ⋯ 〈 a k = 1, and ∑ i=1 k n i =n, where f:ℝ→ [0, ∞) is continuous, growth condtions are imposed on f which yield the existence of at least three solutions that belong to a cone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022920632092
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