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  • Helianthus (seed)  (1)
  • Plasma-membrane H+-ATPase  (1)
  • 2020-2020
  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • 1999  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymatic characterisation of high-palmitic acid sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) mutants (1999)
    Springer
    Planta 207 (1999), S. 533-538 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Key words: Acyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterase ; Fatty acid synthetase II ; Helianthus (seed) ; β-keto-acyl-acyl carrier protein synthetase II ; Mutant fatty acid ; Palmitic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Two high-palmitic acid sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) mutants, CAS-5 and CAS-12, have been biochemically characterised. The enzymatic activities found to be responsible for the mutant characteristics are β-keto-acyl-acyl carrier protein synthetase II (KASII; EC 2.3.1.41) and acyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterase (EC 3.1.2.14). Our data suggest that the high-palmitic acid phenotype observed in both mutant lines is due to the combined effect of a lower KASII activity and a higher thioesterase activity with respect to palmitoyl-acyl carrier protein (16:0-ACP). The level of the latter enzyme appeared to be insufficient to hydrolyse the produced 16:0-ACP completely. As a consequence of this, three new fatty acids appear: palmitoleic acid (16:1 Δ9), asclepic acid (18:1 Δ11), and palmitolinoleic acid (16:2 Δ9 Δ12). These fatty acids should be synthesised from palmitoyl-ACP or a derivative by the action of the stearoyl-ACP desaturase, fatty acid synthetase II and oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine desaturase, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004250050514
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salt stress in Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. cell suspensions activates adaptive mechanisms similar to those observed in the whole plant (1999)
    Springer
    Planta 207 (1999), S. 426-435 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Key words:Myo-Inositol methyl transferase ; Mesem-bryanthemum (salt stress) ; Plasma-membrane H+-ATPase ; Pinitol ; Salt tolerance ; Vacuolar H+-ATPase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. A salt-tolerant stable cell-suspension culture from the halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. has been established from calli generated from leaves of 6-week-old well-watered plants. Optimal cell growth was observed in the presence of 200 mM NaCl, and within 7 d cells were able to concentrate Na+ to levels exceeding those in the growth medium. Accumulation of Na+ was paralled by increases in the compatible solute pinitol and myo-inositol methyl transferase (IMT), a key enzyme in pinitol biosynthesis. Increasing concentrations of NaCl stimulated the activities of tonoplast and plasma-membrane H+-ATPases. Immunodetection of the ATPases showed that the increased activity was not due to changes in protein amount that could be attributed to treatment conditions. A specific role for these mechanisms in salt-adaptation is supported by the inability of mannitol-induced water stress to elicit the same responses, and the absence of enzyme activity and protein expression associated with Crassulacean acid metabolism in the cells. Results demonstrate that these  M. crystallinum cell suspensions show a halophytic growth response, comparable to that of the whole plant, and thus provide a valuable tool for studying signaling and biochemical pathways involved in salt recognition and response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004250050501
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