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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recombinant synthesis of mouse Zn3-β and Zn4-α metallothionein 1 domains and characterization of their cadmium(II) binding capacity (1997)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 53 (1997), S. 681-688 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Key words. Metallothionein domains; recombinant αMT; recombinant βMT; E. coli expression; cadmium binding; circular dichroism; UV–VIS difference spectra; Chelex.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Genetic engineering, coupled with spectro scopic analyses, has enabled the metal binding proper ties of the α and β subunits of mouse metallothionein 1 (MT) to be characterized. A heterologous expression system in E.coli has led to high yields of their pure zinc-complexed forms. The cadmium(II) binding properties of recombinant Zn4-αMT and Zn3-βMT have been studied by electronic absorption and circular dichroism. The former binds Cd(II) identically to α fragments obtained from mammalian organs, showing that the recombinant polypeptide behaves like the na tive protein. Titration of Zn3-βMT with CdCl2 results in the formation of Cd3-βMT. The addition of excess Cd(II) leads to Cd4-βMT which, with the extra loading of Cd(II), unravels to give rise isodichroically to Cd9-βMT. The effect of cadmium-displaced Zn(II) ions and excess Cd(II) above the full metal occupancy of three has been studied using Chelex-100. The Cd3-βMT species is stable in the presence of this strong metal-chelating agent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000180050088
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationships between the AE, ap and Dst indices near solar minimum (1974) and at solar maximum (1979) (1997)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 15 (1997), S. 1265-1270 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Three-hourly average values of the Dst, AE and ap geomagnetic activity indices have been studied for 1 year’s duration near the solar minimum (1974) and also at the solar maximum (1979). In 1979 seven intense geomagnetic storms (Dst 〈 –100 nT) occurred, whereas in 1974 only three were reported. This study reveals: (1) the yearly average of AE is greater in 1974 than in 1979, whereas the inverse seems to be true for the yearly average of Dst, when a higher number of intense storms is present. These averages indicate the kind of activity occurring on the sun as shown in earlier work. (2) The seasonal variation of Dst is higher than that of ap and is almost negligible in AE. (3) The correlation coefficient of ap × AE is in general the highest, as the magnetometers that monitor both indices are close, and is surpassed only by the ap × Dst correlation during geomagnetic storms, when the influence of the ring current is dominant. The correlation of ap × Dst also shows a seasonal variability. (4) For the first time a study of correlation between ap and a linear combination of AE and Dst has also been made. We found higher correlation coefficients in this case as compared to those between ap × Dst and ap ×xs AE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-997-1265-x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect ofSolanum Glycoalkaloids on Potato Aphid,Macrosiphum euphorbiae (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 23 (1997), S. 1651-1659 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Macrosiphum euphorbiae ; Homoptera (Aphididae) ; Solanum tuberosum ; Solanaceae ; potato ; α-chaconine ; α-solanine ; α-tomatine ; solanidine ; tomatidine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Macrosiphum euphorbiae, also known as the potato aphid, is a potato virus vector, associated with decreased tuber production. Feeding, toxicity, and reproductive effects of the major potato glycoalkaloids (α-chaconine and α-solanine), their common aglycone (solanidine), and a nonpotato glycoalkaloid (α-tomatine) and its aglycone (tomatidine) onM. euphorbiae were studied. As expected, neither α-chaconine nor α-solanine had a strong lethal effect on the aphid, but α-chaconine stimulated feeding at low concentrations. Both aglycones were deterrent and lethal at high concentrations and, like α-chaconine and α-tomatine, they delayed the appearance and decreased the number of nymphs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEC.0000006429.14373.91
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  • 4
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    On the static dielectric function of liquid metals (1997)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0722-3277
    Electronic ISSN: 1431-584X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pricing of time-varying beta (1997)
    Springer
    Empirical economics 22 (1997), S. 345-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-8921
    Keywords: APT ; beta ; (G)ARCH ; Systematic Risk ; C32 ; G12
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract We generalize an asset pricing model based on the Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) allowing beta to be time-varying. Making beta a random variable adds flexibility to the model because permits a non-linear relation between individual returns and the set of factors, and accounts for the effect of possible omitted variables. We integrate the conditional APT with a general linear stochastic process for beta. We analyze the behavior of the conditional expected return, the conditional variance and conditional covariance of individual asset returns as functions of the conditional moments of beta. On considering time-varying betas we introduce another source of uncertainty (risk) independent of the factors. We need to disentangle if this extra risk is systematic or non-systematic. To this end, we introduce a modified conditional APT model that rationalizes why the time variation of beta may represent extra systematic risk. For a sample of individual stocks, we test the hypothesis of time-varying beta and the feasibility of the modified conditional APT. We present a test for time-varying beta based on the conditional second moments of returns. We find that there is strong evidence against constancy of betas in favor of a random coefficient model, and that the time variation of beta is due to non-systematic behavior of the firms and investors should be able to diversify this risk away.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01208828
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reproduction of Diaeretiella rapae on Russian wheat aphid hosts at different temperatures (1997)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 82 (1997), S. 159-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Diaeretiella rapae ; reproduction ; life-tables ; temperature ; Diuraphis noxia ; biological control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Diaeretiella rapae (M'Intosh), a polyphagous and cosmopolitan parasite of aphids, was imported from China to the USA for biological control of Diuraphis noxia (Mordwilko), a pest of small grains. We studied several aspects of its biology on D. noxia hosts in the laboratory at 3 constant temperatures, 10.0, 21.1, and 26.7 °C. Females lived significantly longer than males at all 3 temperatures, and longevity was greatest at 10 °C, followed by 21.1 and 26.7 °C. Fecundity (= number of mummies) did not differ significantly among the 3 temperatures studied. The ovarian egg-load was 129.1 ± 9.3, and was significantly affected by the size of adult females. A pre-oviposition period ± 0.26 days) was detected at 10 °C, but not at the other temperatures. Pre-imaginal survivorship was similar among temperatures, while R o and T c decreased with temperature, and r m increased with temperature. The offspring sex ratio (proportion females) was lowest at 26.7 °C, and similar between 10.0 and 21.1 °C. In addition, the offspring sex ratio significantly declined with the age of the female parent. The suitability of D. rapae for colonization against D. noxia in North America is discussed in relation to its responses to temperature and the climate of its home range.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002929500786
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and characterization of matrices for phosphoric acid fuel cells (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 27 (1997), S. 19-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this work results on the preparation, characterization and single cell testing of matrices for phosphoric acid fuel cells are reported. The matrices were produced using mixtures of powders of silicon carbide with zirconium silicate or niobium carbide, by deposition of an aqueous emulsion of the powders on top of the catalyst layer of the gas diffusion electrodes, or by making a self-supported film of the materials. The physical characterization of the powders and of the matrices included the distribution of particle size and shape of the powders and the thickness, electrical resistance, and pore size distribution in the matrices. The matrices were evaluated under operation, using standard supported platinum on carbon gas diffusion electrodes in a H2O2 single fuel cell setup operating with phosphoric acid at 180. The results of the cell potential; current density characteristics were analysed to separate the contribution of the structural properties of the matrices on the total polarization losses of the single cells. It was found that a single cell operating with a self-supported matrix composed of 50wt% NbC+SiC has a much better performance than that observed with SiC alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026406730131
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mhd Leaky Waves in a Layered Plasma: III Numerical Solutions (1997)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 256 (1997), S. 303-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We study numerically the Fourier pseudomodes of complex frequency, that represent leaky waves, for two configurations consisting of three layers of uniform plasma in equilibrium, using the methods developed in the previous papers. The spectra consist of an infinite set of branches. We introduce a shorthand notation that allows us to identify the branches and we discuss their behavior. We show examples of leaky waves that in the neighborhood of certain limiting cases correspond to some of the four basic mechanisms discussed in a previous paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1001177311028
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the Possible Explosion in the Carina Nebula (1997)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 257 (1997), S. 63-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The consideration of the additional data on the distribution of OB stars, of the dust matter (the IRAS data at 100 μm, and of the results of observations 120–300 μm), of the X-ray emission, of the continuum radio emission, and of the data on the proper motions of stars in the Carina nebula, proved the made suggestion (Tovmassian et al., 1993, 1994), that the observed specific distribution of the mentioned objects in the Carina nebula could be due to some explosion which took place in its central region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1000966200470
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mhd Leaky Waves in a Layered Plasma: I Theory (1997)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 256 (1997), S. 289-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In a three layer compressible plasma we study MHD leaky waves described by Fourier modes of complex frequency. We follow a matrix method that yields four transcendental dispersion relations. The roots (real or complex) make up a spectrum of pseudomodes, consisting of a complicate set of infinite branches. We derive analytical properties that allow to study the topology of the spectrum, the conditions of existence of real and complex roots, the contacts and crossings of branches of different types, etc. Our results allow to analyze any particular case of interest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1001129427867
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