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  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (11)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science  (4)
  • Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
  • 1995-1999  (15)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1997  (15)
Collection
Publisher
Years
  • 1995-1999  (15)
  • 1965-1969
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phylogenetic Position of Amblyospora Hazard & Oldacre (Microspora: Amblyosporidae) Based on Small Subunit rRNA Data and Its Implication for the Evolution of the Microsporidia (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 44 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: . Sequences of the small subunit rRNA genes of Amblyospora californica and an Amblyospora sp. from Culex salinarius were determined. These sequences were compared phylogenetically with 16 other microsporidia. The results suggest Amblyospora forms a sister taxon to the rest of the microsporidia examined. The basal position of Amblyospora is discussed with respect to the evolution of microsporidian life cycles. These sequences represent the longest microsporidian small subunit rRNA genes sequenced to date, 1,359 and 1,358 bp, respectively. Structural features and GC content (49% for both) are comparable to those of other microsporidia which have been sequenced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1997.tb05704.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An instrument capable of imaging chlorophyll a fluorescence from intact leaves at very low irradiance and at cellular and subcellular levels of organization (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 20 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: An instrument capable of imaging chlorophyll a fluorescence, from intact leaves, and generating images of widely used fluorescence parameters is described. This instrument, which is based around a fluorescence microscope and a Peltier-cooled charge-coupled device (CCD) camera, differs from those described previously in two important ways. First, the instrument has a large dynamic range and is capable of generating images of chlorophyll a fluorescence at levels of incident irradiance as low as 0.1 μmol m−2 s−1. Secondly, chlorophyll fluorescence, and consequently photosynthetic performance, can be resolved down to the level of individual cells and chloroplasts. Control of the instrument, as well as image capture, manipulation, analysis and presentation, are executed through an integrated computer application, developed specifically for the task. Possible applications for this instrument include detection of early and differential responses to environmental stimuli, including various types of stress. Images illustrating the instrument's capabilities are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1997.d01-42.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of limitations to CO2 assimilation on exposure of leaves of two Brassica napus cultivars to UV-B (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 20 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Apex and Bristol cultivars of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) were irradiated with 0.63 W m−2 of UV-B over 5 d. Analyses of the response of net leaf carbon assimilation to intercellular CO2 concentration were used to examine the potential limitations imposed by stomata, carboxylation velocity and capacity for regeneration of ribulose 1,5-bis-phosphate on leaf photosynthesis. Simultaneous measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence were used to estimate the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry, the quantum efficiency of linear electron transport at steady-state photosynthesis, and the light and CO2-saturated rate of linear electron transport. Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) content and activities were assayed in vitro. In both cultivars the UV-B treatment resulted in decreases in the light-saturated rate of CO2 assimilation, which were accompanied by decreases in carboxylation velocity and Rubisco content and activity. No major effects of UV-B were observed on end-product inhibition and stomatal limitation of photosynthesis or the rate of photorespiration relative to CO2 assimilation. In the Bristol cultivar, photoinhibition of PSII and loss of linear electron transport activity were observed when CO2 assimilation was severely inhibited. However, the Apex cultivar exhibited no major inhibition of PSII photochemistry or linear electron transport as the rate of CO2 assimilation decreased. It is concluded that loss of Rubisco is a primary factor in UV-B inhibition of CO2 assimilation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1997.00093.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Partial substitution of fish meal and full-fat soya bean meal with wheat gluten and influence of lysine supplementation in diets for rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 28 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A 65-day study was undertaken to evaluate the utilization of lysine-supplemented wheat gluten meal as a protein source for rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). The performance of the trout fed wheat gluten was compared to that of trout where protein was principally supplied using fish meal and full-fat soyabean meal. Six isonitrogenous diets (approximately 45% crude protein) were formulated. Thus, the reference diet (FS) was based on fish meal and full-fat soya bean meal while a further five diets were formulated with a mixture of wheat gluten and wheat middlings used to isonitrogenously replace approximately 75% and 57% of the full-fat soya and fish meal respectively. Crystalline l-lysine representing 0.00%, 0.29%, 0.58%, 0.87% and 1.16% of the complete diet was then added to the wheat-gluten-based diets. Optimal performance in terms of weight gain and apparent net protein utilization was achieved by the fish fed a wheat-gluten-based diet supplemented with lysine (0.58%) yielding a digestible lysine level of 1.9% of the complete feed. Within the range of supplements provided, lysine digestibility was high. However, at the highest levels of supplemental lysine the relationship between uptake and supplement level was not linear. Additionally, arginine digestibility was not affected by the level of lysine supplementation. However, amongst the wheat-gluten-based diets, optimal performance was associated with a lysine: arginine ratio of 1.1: 1.Despite a lysine: arginine ratio of approximately 1.1: 1, the overall performance of the fish fed the fish-meal-soya-based reference diet was poorer than expected. The results are discussed with respect to optimal patterns of gross and digestible amino acids, lysine-arginine antagonism and the possible relationship between antinutritional factors and the poor performance of the fish fed the fish-meal-soya-based reference diet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.1997.t01-1-00861.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Penetration of phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides into rainbow trout brain in vivo. A technique for chronic infusion of substances into the brain of free-living adult fish (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 50 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: This paper describes a method for infusing chronically substances into the cranial cavity of free-living rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss for several weeks. The efficacy of the method was established by examining the penetration of radioactively labelled phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides and a blue-coloured dye, xylene cyanole, into brain tissue. No problems with pump patency were encountered, and the contents of the pump diffused consistently throughout the brain ventricular system, including the anterior lateral ventricles of the olfactory lobes, the third ventricle under the optic tecta and into the hypothalamus, including the lateral ventricular recesses. Autoradiographic examination of frozen sections demonstrated variable penetration of labelled probe into brain interstitium to a depth of up to approximately 200 μm. At the end of the experiment, 〉50% of radioactivity within brain tissue was shown to be of similar size to intact, labelled oligodeoxynucleotides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1997.tb01965.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduction of Fluid Loss from Grapefruit Segments with Wax Microemulsion Coatings (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 62 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Fresh whole peeled grapefruit or segments produced by vacuum infusion with pectinases are considered minimally processed products. When dry packed, segments from mature late season fruit had fluid losses 〉15% during 4 wk storage. Edible wax microemulsion coatings reduced leakage of dry-packed segments by 80% after 2 wk, and 64% after 4 wk storage, and were optimally effective in reducing leakage when diluted to 12% solids. Coatings could be made with polyethylene, candelilla or carnauba wax, and with lauric, stearic, palmitic, oleic or myristic acids. Coatings with carnauba wax were most effective. Whether made with morpholine or ammonia as the base, coatings were not detected by informal taste panels before or after storage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1997.tb15456.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reassessment of Some Fruit and Vegetable Pectin Levels (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 62 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Several reviews of pectin as a soluble fiber have included unreliable tables of pectin content for fruits and vegetables. Values given for ranges of pectin content in the fresh, edible portion are actually presented in original reports variously as peel pectin content, dry weight values, soluble rather than total pectins, and some values have been for unripe fruit. This has resulted in reporting pectin levels for some products that may be 2-10 times higher than other published data on the same product. This report examines the original sources and errors of such data and, when available, provides other more substantiated published values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1997.tb03973.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Citrus Tissue Extracts Affect Juice Cloud Stability (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 62 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Salt extractable proteins were isolated from hand expressed juice, rag and peel of Valencia oranges. Each tissue extract was divided into dialysis supernatant (DS) and precipitate (DP) (forms during dialysis). DP, DS and DS heated for 2 min at 80°C (HDS) were added to pasteurized, reconstituted frozen concentrated orange juice at 5 U · mL−1 of pectinmethylesterase. Samples were incubated either at 25°C for 14 days or 4°C for 28 days and periodically sampled to determine the effects of tissue extracts on juice cloud stability. Tissue specific differences were observed for the rate of juice cloud precipitation and among the HDS, DS, and DP fractions of a given tissue. HDS fractions destabilized juice cloud more rapidly than DS or DP at both 25 and 4°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1997.tb03976.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid assimilation of recently fixed N2 in root nodules of Myrica gale (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 99 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In Myrica gale L. plants the assimilation of ammonia released by symbiotic Frankia was observed by 15N2 labelling and subsequent analysis of the isotopic enrichment of nodule amino acids over time by single ion monitoring gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In detached nodules of Myrica, glutamine was the first amino acid labelled at 30 s and subsequently the amino acids glutamate, aspartate, alanine and γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) became labelled. This pattern of labelling is consistent with the incorporation of ammonium via glutamine synthetase [GS; EC 6.3.1.2]. No evidence for the ammonium assimilation via glutamate dehydrogenase [GDH; EC 1.4.1.2] was observed as glutamate became labelled only after glutamine. Using attached nodules and pulse-chase labelling, we observed synthesis of glutamine, glutamate, aspartate, alanine, GABA and asparagine, and followed the transport of fixed nitrogen in the xylem largely as glutamine and asparagine. Estimation of the cost of nitrogen fixation and asparagine synthesis in Myrica nodules suggests a minimum of one sucrose required per asparagine produced. Rapid translocation of recently fixed nitrogen was observed in Myrica gale nodules as 80% of the nitrogen fixed during a 1-h period was translocated out of the nodules within 9 h. The large pool of asparagine that is present in nodules may buffer the transport of nitrogen and thus act to regulate nitrogen fixation via a feedback mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1997.tb05367.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alteration of N nutrition in Myrica gale induces changes in nodule growth, nodule activity and amino acid composition (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 99 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Changes in nodule growth and activity and in the concentrations of soluble N compounds in nodules, leaves and xylem sap under conditions of altered N nutrition in the actinorhizal plant Myrica gale L. are reported. Altering the N nutrition of symbiotic plants may alter the internal regulation of combined N which in turn may regulate nodule growth and activity. Flushing nodules daily with 100% O2 caused a decline in amide concentration and an increase in nodule growth although plants had recovered some nitrogenase activity within 4 h of exposure to O2. Samples of nodules, leaves and xylem sap were derivatized and amino acids identified and quantified using either reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in single ion monitoring mode. The ratio of asparagine in the nodules to that in the xylem was much higher in plants fed N (6.7 for NH+4-fed and 8.3 for NO−3-fed plants) than for N2-fixing plants (2.5). Significant amounts of 15N added as 15NH+4 or 15NO−3 accumulated in nodules following accumulation in the shoot which is consistent with the translocation of N to the nodules via the phloem. The uptake of 15NH+4 led to the synthesis and subsequent translocation of glutamine in the xylem sap. These results are discussed in terms of the feedback mechanisms that may regulate nitrogen fixation in Myrica root nodules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1997.tb05366.x
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