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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermoremanent relaxation in FeNiMn: An elementary decay model analysis : The 41st annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 5264-5266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The relaxation of the thermoremanent magnetization of the reentrant ferromagnet (Fe0.65Ni0.35)0.882Mn0.118 has been measured as a function of temperature T and system age tw within the glass phase T〈Tg≅65 K. The relaxation isotherms were fitted to functional forms predicted by the elementary decay model, which assumes that relaxation in disordered systems is a superposition of independently decaying thermal activations, with an age-dependent stochastic Poissonian distribution of energies. The behavior of the distributions is interpreted in the context of a picture of activated hopping among a set of metastable traps in configuration space. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.364488
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Imaging nanometer-thick patterned self-assembled monolayers via second-harmonic generation microscopy (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 2051-2054 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have used the inherent surface sensitivity of second-harmonic generation to develop an instrument for nonlinear optical microscopy of surfaces and interfaces. This optical technique is ideal for imaging nanometer-thick, chromophoric self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), which have been patterned using photolithographic techniques. In this paper, we demonstrate the application of second-harmonic generation microscopy to patterned SAMs of the noncentrosymmetric molecule calixarene and discuss the resolution and sensitivity limits of the technique. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.364284
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    4,4'-Azinodimethyldipyridinium Diperchlorate, C12H12N42+.2ClO4− (1997)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 53 (1997), S. 1499-1501 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270197005970
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Truncated-gene reporter system for studying the regulation of manganese peroxidase expression (1997)
    Springer
    Current genetics 31 (1997), S. 519-524 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key words Manganese peroxidase ; Lignin degradation ; Phanerochaete chrysosporium ; Gene regulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The expression of manganese peroxidase (MnP) in nitrogen-limited cultures of Phanerochaete chrysosporium is regulated by Mn, heat shock (HS), and H2O2 at the level of gene transcription. We have constructed a homologous gene reporter system to further examine the regulation of two mnp genes, mnp1 and mnp2, encoding individual MnP isozymes. Internal deletions of 234 and 359 bp were made within the coding regions of the mnp1 and mnp2 genes, respectively. The truncated mnp genes were subcloned into the shuttle vector pOGI18, which includes the Schizophylum commune ade5 gene as a selectable marker, and transformed into a P. chrysosporium Ade1 auxotrophic mutant. Northern-blot analysis of purified Ade+ transformants demonstrated that both of the truncated mnp genes were regulated in a manner similar to the endogenous mnp genes with respect to nitrogen limitation and induction by Mn, HS, and H2O2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050239
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of a fully vectorial beam propagation method (1997)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 29 (1997), S. 313-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A new vectorial beam propagation method has successfully been applied to a passive polarization splitter and a passive polarization converter on InGaAsP/InP. The propagating fields are calculated and the power attenuation is evaluated. The calculated crosstalk values of the splitter are in good agreement with the realized best performance. A complete polarization conversion in the converter has also been simulated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018522626266
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Osmoregulatory actions of growth hormone in juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (1997)
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 17 (1997), S. 295-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: tilapia ; Oreochromis niloticus ; osmoregulation ; growth hormone ; seawater adaptation ; plasma ions ; gill chloride cells ; mitochondrion-rich ; tubular system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Growth hormone (GH) effectively promotes seawater (SW) adaptation in salmonids, but little is known of its effect in tilapias. Experiments were performed to investigate the effects of recombinant eel GH (reGH) on osmoregulatory actions and ultrastructural features of gill chloride cells in juvenile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Tilapia showed a markedly improved SW survival, when directly transferred from freshwater (FW) to 62.5% SW 24h after a single reGH injection (0.25 or 2.5 µg g-1) or 3 reGH injections (0.25 µg g-1 every other day). Plasma Na+ and Mg2+ levels were significantly reduced by reGH (0.25 and 2.5 µg g-1) compared with saline injections; Ca2+ concentrations were reduced significantly by high dose of reGH (2.5 µg g-1) after SW transfer. However, fish failed to survive more than 24h when directly transferred to 70% SW, although the fish treated with reGH could survive longer than the controls. When examined by electron microscopy, the chloride cells were identified as mitochondrion-rich and an extensive tubular system was induced by GH treatment. The results of the present study suggest that, similar to its effect on salmonids, GH also exerts acute osmoregulatory actions and enhances SW adaptation in juvenile tilapia. GH also stimulates the differentiation of chloride cells toward SW adaptation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007750022878
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solidification microstructure of super-α2 alloy prepared by gas atomization (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 32 (1997), S. 3821-3827 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Ti–25Al–10Nb–3V–1Mo alloy has been prepared by gas atomization with atomizing pressure above 8 MPa. The cooling rate of 5×103∼3×105 K s-1 was obtained according to secondary dendritic arm spacing, as the particle size is 30∼300 μm. It is known that in the big particles two dendrite morphologies can be found, cellular dendrite and well-developed dendrite, and in small particles there exists only well-developed dendrite. The surface of particles is characteristic of solidification that is identical to the observation on the cross-sectional views. The micrographs of cross-sectional views show that the big particles, whether of cellular dendrite or well-developed dendrite, solidify by multiple nucleation events while the small particles of well-developed dendrite solidify from a single nucleation event. The microstructure of the alloy consists of single β0 phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018683909004
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmission electron microscopic characterization of zirconia reinforced with silicon carbide fibres (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 32 (1997), S. 2501-2507 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The microstructures of zirconia reinforced with silicon carbide fibres prepared by the sol–gel process have been examined using a transmission electron microscope. The characteristic feature of highly oriented grains of monoclinic zirconia, with its unique b-axis as well as c-axis of the tetragonal structure nearly all parallel to the hot pressing plane, shows the formation of matrix texture. Twinning in the monoclinic phase was well developed and highly dominated by twinning with the (1 0 0) plane as the interface. Alternative twinning with the interfaces parallel to the (0 0 1) plane has also been revealed and a possible model was suggested based upon the basic structure to be coincident with the [1 0 0] rotation twinning. Strong intergrowth of the tetragonal and monoclinic phases was frequently found and the orientation relationship was determined. The possible orientation variants resulting from the tetragonal to monoclinic phase transformation were proposed based upon such orientations of the lattices. Two of them with the misorientation angle of 9°15′ and 80°45′, respectively, were also found to coexist with the two kinds of twinning. Such texture configuration may have a close relation to the improvement of toughness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018581813238
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Containerless solidification of germanium by electromagnetic levitation and in a drop-tube (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 32 (1997), S. 1437-1442 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Containerless solidification of germanium has been realized by electromagnetic levitation and drop-tube processing, respectively. The effect of undercooling in the range of 40–426 K on the as-solidified structures of levitation melted Ge drops (∼8.4 mm diameter) was investigated. For undercoolings less than 300 K, the lamellar twins were grown, whereas a microstructural transition to equiaxed grains was observed at undercoolings ≥300 K. Further increasing the undercooling to 400 K, a significant reduction in grain size was achieved. In addition to a similar microstructural development among the particles solidified during free fall in a 8.5 m drop-tube, high-undercooling-induced single crystals were found for some droplets less than 200 μm in diameter. The results on the transition from twins to fine equiaxed grains are accounted for by theories of solidification kinetics and a dendrite break-up model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018593615171
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Textural evolution in electrodeposits under the influence of adsorbed foreign species: Part I Textural evolution in iron electrodeposits affected by hydrogen co-deposition (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 32 (1997), S. 5513-5523 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Textural evolution in electrodeposits is strongly affected by foreign species in the electrolyte and also by the co-deposition of hydrogen. The effects of foreign species on textural development in electrodeposits were studied by employing a Monte Carlo model. This model is based on physical principles and incorporates parameters which are used to control electrodeposition processes. An attempt was made in the simulation to reflect the basic process of the deposit growth, and to identify the factors responsible for the texture formation and its variation with the deposition condition. It is assumed that the texture of the deposit results from the minimization of the free energy of the system. Based on this assumption, it was demonstrated that the surface-energy anisotropy played an important role in the formation of fibre texture. In particular, the model can be used to simulate textural evolution under the influence of adsorbed foreign species, because the surface-energy anisotropy is modified by the adsorbed foreign species. Part I of the paper presents results of our studies on iron electrodeposition with the emphasis on the effect of hydrogen adsorption on iron deposit texture. Relevant experimental results have also been presented to corroborate the simulation study. Part II of the paper presents simulation studies of textural evolution in copper deposits under the influence of adsorbed potassium and chloride ions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018612205196
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