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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental setup for Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies in condensed matter at high pressure and low temperatures (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 3154-3160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An experimental setup for Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies in condensed matter at high pressure and low temperatures is described. We have adapted a close-cycle cryostat (T=20–300 K) to the sample compartment, which is used as a cryo chamber, of a FTIR spectrometer (frequency range 10–15 000 cm−1). A Cassegrain-type beam condenser is assembled to measure infrared absorptions of samples contained in a membrane diamond anvil cell (P up to 100 GPa). The tuning of the pressure and the cell alignment is performed from outside the evacuated instrument. An additional light path allows visual observation and in situ pressure calibration. The advantages of this system, demonstrated by its application to CH4 and Ar–(H2)2 crystals, are high radiation throughput, long time stability, visual observation of the sample, remote measurement and variation of the local pressure, and remote alignment of the cell with the IR beam. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148261
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature dependence of the vibrational relaxation processes in natural and isotopically pure 32S8: Effect of the isotopic impurities on infrared phonon lifetimes (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 106 (1997), S. 511-518 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have measured the temperature dependence of the infrared bandwidth of several lattice phonons and internal vibrons in natural and 32S isotopically pure orthorhombic sulfur crystals, using a high resolution FTIR interferometer. The experimental data were analyzed in terms of anharmonic phonon–phonon coupling processes and of contributions to the bandwidth due to the presence of randomly distributed isotopic impurities. The same three-phonon processes that contribute to the lifetime of the Raman bands were found to be active also for the infrared ones in the isotopically pure crystal. In parallel to the increase of the two-phonon density of states, the third-order anharmonic coupling coefficients for phonon decay processes were found to increase from the lowest to the highest lattice mode. The effect of the isotopic impurities was explained in terms of two contributions, the first, which is temperature independent, due to pure harmonic scattering processes and the second due to the combined effect of anharmonicity and scattering processes, which is instead dependent on the temperature. The contribution due to the presence of impurities was found to dominate the width of the lattice modes in the natural crystal at low temperatures. This purely harmonic contribution can be in some cases almost one order of magnitude larger than that due to the normal anharmonic decay processes in the isotopically pure crystal. Only the width of the factor group component of infrared and Raman vibrons close to the frequency of the isolated molecule was found to be affected by the presence of impurities through a resonant scattering mechanism. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.473385
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ab Initio Structure Determination of Li2MnO3 from X-ray Powder Diffraction Data (1997)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 30 (1997), S. 123-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The results of the structural determination of Li2MnO3 from X-ray powder diffraction data and the refinement by the Rietveld technique are presented. The Li2MnO3 structure has a monoclinic cell with space group C2/m(Z = 4) and cell parameters a = 4.9246 (1), b = 8.5216 (1), c = 5.0245 (1) Å, β = 109.398 (1)°; the refinement with 14 structural parameters for 165 reflections in the pattern leads to Rwp = 17.61%, Rp = 13.25%, RB = 7.07% and S = 3.52. Such a solution agrees with a single-crystal structure determination previously reported in the literature and allows other hypotheses to be rejected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889896012460
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    H4 histone in the macronucleus of Blepharisma japonicum (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Heterotrichida) (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 149 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Two clones, obtained by polymerase chain reaction from macronuclear DNA of the unicellular ciliated protist Blepharisma japonicum, were isolated and sequenced. They correspond to fragments of two different putative H4 histone genes. The existence of multiple H4 histone genes was also suggested by Southern blot hybridisation experiments employing one of the obtained clones as a probe. Two B. japonicum H4 protein fragments, which were directly sequenced, show differences in the amino acid sequences too. The comparison of the obtained B. japonicum H4 partial amino acid sequences with each other, and with H4 from other ciliates and from representative microbial and multicellular organisms, highlights the larger histone heterogeneity of lower eukaryotes compared to that observed in higher organisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb10314.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved cyclic reduction for solving queueing problems (1997)
    Springer
    Numerical algorithms 15 (1997), S. 57-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9265
    Keywords: queueing problems ; M/G/1 type matrices ; cyclic reduction ; Toeplitz matrices ; FFT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The cyclic reduction technique (Buzbee et al., 1970), rephrased in functional form (Bini and Meini, 1996), provides a numerically stable, quadratically convergent method for solving the matrix equation X = ∑+ ∞ i=0 Xi Ai, where the Ai's are nonnegative k × k matrices such that ∑+ ∞ i=0 Ai is column stochastic. In this paper we propose a further improvement of the above method, based on a point-wise evaluation/interpolation at a suitable set of Fourier points, of the functional relations defining each step of cyclic reduction (Bini and Meini,1996). This new technique allows us to devise an algorithm based on FFT having a lower computational cost and a higher numerical stability. Numerical results and comparisons are provided.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019206402431
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial variation of zooplankton groups in a tropical reservoir (Broa Reservoir, São Paulo State-Brazil) (1997)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 357 (1997), S. 89-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: zooplankton ecology ; spatial variation ; reservoirs ; geostatistics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In this paper the spatial variation of zooplanktonic groups(cladocerans, rotifers, nauplii and adults of copepods) in the Broareservoir was studied using geostatistical tools. The variation inthe density of cladocerans and nauplii and adults of copepods isstructured along the geographic space in the form of gradients, whichimplies the rejection of the hypothesis of spatial homogeneity andrandomness. In other words, the variation in the density of thesegroups is not distributed randomly over the geographic space. Thepatterns of spatial variation observed can be attributed to differentfactors (advection, behavioral mechanisms and limnological factors).The last conclusion is congruent with the multiple forces hypothesis(Pinel-Alloul, 1995; Pinel-Alloul et al., 1995). Implications tosampling methodology are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003178618304
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of Caenorhabditis elegans homogenates and identification of protein spots by microsequencing (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 18 (1997), S. 557-562 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans ; Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; Microsequencing ; Protein maps ; Immobilized pH gradient ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Employing isoelectric focusing on immobilized pH gradients followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) we have obtained a map of C. elegans proteins, from a mixed culture containing all developmental stages, presenting over 2000 spots within the window of isoelectric points (pI) 3.5-9 and a molecular mass of 10-200 kDa. Edman microsequencing yielded successful results in 12 out of 24 analyzed spots. All but one of the N-terminal sequences retrieved C. elegans sequences in cosmid and/or expressed sequence tag clones. Structurally related protein sequences found in data banks included enzymes in energy metabolism (cytochrome oxydase, ATP synthase, enolase), a fatty acid-binding protein, a translationally controlled tumor protein, an unknown C. elegans protein, an acidic ribosomal protein, a titin-like protein, a G-protein β chain, cyclophilin, and cathepsin D. Experimental determination of N-termini allowed us to define sites of signal cleavage providing further information on the physiological role of the newly found C. elegans proteins. This report demonstrates the possibility of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and Edman microsequencing in the elucidation of C. elegans proteome.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150180337
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis of the protein family at 90 kDa of abortifacient Chlamydia psittaci (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 18 (1997), S. 2104-2108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Abortifacient chlamydia ; 90 kDa antigens ; Envelope ; Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; Immobilized pH gradient ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Four major clusters, designated A, B, C and D, were distinguished in Western Blots by a monoclonal antibody specific for the “antigen family at 90 kDa” after two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis on immobilized pH gradient of chlamydial elementary bodies of abortifacient C. psittaci. Clusters B, C, and D were closely related with molecular mass (kDa) pI values of 91.5/5.2-5.4, 90/5.0-5.2 and 90.5/5.6-5.8, respectively. Cluster A was larger, with molecular mass/pI of 104.7/5.1-5.3. Evidence for the antigenic relationship between cluster A and clusters B, C and D was further supported by immunological cross-reaction with affinity-purified antibodies from serum of ewes with chlamydial-induced abortion. The experimental values obtained for size and pI of the four clusters correlated well with the calculated values from known sequences coded by multiple chlamydial genes. Direct evidence for the correspondence between the immunoreactive clusters B, C and D and the retrieved genes was provided by antibody binding experiments to recombinant polypeptides representing fragments of the deduced proteins. The 4-member antigen family at 90/104 kDa is the first example of proteins coded by multiple genes within the genus Chlamydia.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150181137
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A two-dimensional protein map of human amniotic fluid at 17 weeks' gestation (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 18 (1997), S. 2816-2822 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Amniotic fluid ; Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; Immobilized pH gradient ; Protein map ; Gel matching ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using updated technical procedures (immobilized pH gradients for isoelectric focusing followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis: IPG/SDS-PAGE) we provide a two-dimensional (2-D) map of amniotic fluid (AF) proteins. This map comprises over 800 silver-stained spots. Over 150 spots have been identified by matching on the net with human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid maps available from SWISS 2DPAGE database; several additional spots were assigned by immunoblotting and/or microanalytical techniques. This report details our investigation on AF proteins focusing on the 17th week of gestation, when AF is most commonly used for clinical evaluation of fetal disorders. As a whole, the map displays a number of potential markers for fetal development and for gestation abnormalities. The 2-D electrophoretic technique allows the monitoring of all these proteins at the same time along with additional spots that may prove of diagnostic significance.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150181517
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein expression profiles in human breast ductal carcinoma and histologically normal tissue (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 18 (1997), S. 2832-2841 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Ductal breast carcinoma ; Breast biopsy ; Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; Reference map ; Immobilized pH gradient ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reference two-dimensional (2-D) gels are presented for human breast ductal carcinoma and histologically normal tissue. Whole biopsy fragments were analyzed, including epithelial and nonepithelial components. Thirty-five spots have been assigned by gel matching to the human liver SWISS-2DPAGE reference map and/or to the human primary keratinocyte IPG map from the Danish Center for Human Genome. N-terminal microsequencing was applied to confirm randomly chosen matching assignments and to identify six new spots. Protein expression profiles in ductal carcinoma and in normal breast tissue appeared to be similar, except for a pattern consisting of 32 spots, which were highly expressed in all carcinoma specimens, and less intense and occasionally undetectable in normal tissue. This difference was statistically significant. Assignment has been obtained for several spots, namely GRP94, GRP78, GRP75, mitochondrial HSP60, calreticulin, protein disulfide isomerase, peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, collagen-binding protein 2, fructose bisphosphate aldolase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, thioredoxin, cytochrome c oxidase VA subunit, tubulin β isoform and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). The cancer- and tissue-specificity of the described pattern was assessed by matching to the Swiss-2DPAGE human liver, hepatoma, lymphoma, erythroleukemia reference maps. The pattern of 32 spots was found to be indicative of epithelial neoplasia.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150181519
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