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  • Springer  (35)
  • Elsevier  (20)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (5)
  • EDP Sciences  (4)
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  • 1995-1999  (64)
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  • 1999  (19)
  • 1998  (28)
  • 1997  (17)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the interaction between two oppositely signed, shielded, monopolar vortices (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 10 (1998), S. 3099-3110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The formation two-dimensional dipolar vortices by the interaction between two shielded monopolar vortices with opposite vorticity, as shown in a numerical study by Couder and Basdevant,〈citeref RID="R1" STYLE="SUPERIOR"〉1 is investigated in detail, both experimentally, in a nonrotating stratified fluid and numerically by direct solutions of the two-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations. A comparative study between the laboratory experiments and numerical simulations is performed. The vorticity distribution measured in the early stage of the evolution in the laboratory is used as initial data for the simulations, and an additional damping term in the Navier–Stokes equations, that accounts for the vertical diffusion in the laboratory experiments, is used. The results show that, depending on the initial separation between the vortices, the shields of the monopoles are peeled off and indeed a compact dipole with a linear (ω,ψ)-relationship is formed, or when the monopoles are further apart the shields of the monopoles are perturbed and two tripoles are formed. The characteristics of the emerged dipole are analyzed and a dye visualization of the dipole formation is performed. A second, more general numerical study yields a relationship between the formation time of the dipole and the initial separation distance between the monopoles and it shows that the deshielding process can be explained by the domination of strain over vorticity. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.869838
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New and versatile ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscope for film growth experiments (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 2696-2703 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: With the increasing popularity of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) in surface science, many ideas for additional and new technical features have been proposed. The work herein contributes to this evolution with a special STM design. The STM described is part of an experimental apparatus for thin film growth investigations in ultrahigh vacuum. Besides the STM, the apparatus includes facilities for thermal desorption spectroscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy and a Kelvin probe for measuring dynamic work function changes. The Kelvin probe is optimized for gas adsorption experiments as well as for in situ film growth investigations during metal deposition. These added features combined with the STM and easy sample transfer yield a new powerful tool for in situ controlled preparation and extensive characterization of thin films. In the present work we describe the novel features of this STM and we demonstrate the efficiency of the whole system by giving a few representative results. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149001
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A versatile Kelvin probe for dynamic work function change measurements during gas adsorption and in situ film growth experiments (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 3866-3871 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In the present work, we describe a new Kelvin probe for dynamical work function change (ΔΦ) measurements in ultrahigh vacuum. The construction of the Kelvin probe is especially optimized to meet the experimental conditions for gas-adsorption experiments as well as for in situfilm growth investigations during metal deposition. This is realized by a new setup which enables a change of the geometrical orientation of the vibrating reference electrode with respect to the sample surface. The Kelvin probe combined with thermal desorption spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, and scanning tunneling microscopy facilities, forms a powerful tool for film growth analysis. The performance of the instrumentation is demonstrated with some representative test experiments for copper deposition on Pt(111). © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148039
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of photonic crystals by deep x-ray lithography (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 1441-1443 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have developed a new microfabrication technique for the construction of three-dimensional photonic crystals. In particular, we used multiple tilted x-ray lithography exposures in order to construct structures with photonic band gaps in the infrared region. First polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) resist layers with a thickness of 500 μm were irradiated, then the holes in the resist structure were filled with preceramic polymer and subsequent pyrolysis converts the preceramic polymer into a SiCN ceramic. Theoretical results with fitted values of the dielectric constant are in good agreement with the transmission measurements. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.120431
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New assignments in the UV spectroscopy of the small benzene–argonn clusters: The effects of a structure-selective vibrational predissociation (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 106 (1997), S. 1676-1686 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this paper, new experimental results using UV spectroscopy of the small benzene–Arn clusters are presented. We have found evidence for the vibrational predissociation of the S1 state of some of these species on a nanosecond time scale and we propose a new assignment for the UV spectral features of this system. This assignment is consistent with other experimental data and it accounts additionally for the previously reported spectral anomalies, in particular the ionization potential measurements of these species. The two-color R2PI spectra performed can thus be considered as nanosecond pump–probe experiments that allow us to estimate the relaxation rate of the S1state of these clusters. The vibrational relaxation is found to be strongly size and structure dependent: The two isomers [(1/1) and (2/0)] of the n=2 species exhibit different lifetimes differing by at least one order of magnitude. The size dependence of the relaxation process within the one-sided isomer series appears also paradoxical since the relaxation rates of the (3/0) and (4/0) species are found to be smaller than that of the (2/0). These properties are discussed in relationship with the symmetry of these species. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.473321
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Film formation of latex dispersions observed with evanescent dynamic light scattering (1997)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 104 (1997), S. 191-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Evanescent dynamic light scattering ; colloidal dispersions ; film formation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract We have applied evanescent dynamic light scattering (DLS) to study the film formation of polymer latex dispersions. A dynamical glass transition is observed. When the particles fuse, the scattering rate decreases. After fusion, a new fast process (τ r 1 ms) is observed, which is not present in bulk DLS data. We attribute the process to discontinuous relaxation of surface induced stresses (transient micro-cracks).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01182447
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic energy spectrum and polarization of neutrons from the reaction 12C(p,n)X at 590 MeV (1998)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 2 (1998), S. 411-415 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: PACS:29.25.Dz Neutron sources – 25.40.Ve Other reactions above meson production thresholds – 13.75.Cs Nucleon-nucleon interactions (including antinucleons, deuterons etc.)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstact: The kinetic energy spectrum and the polarization of the PSI neutron beam produced in the reaction 12C(p,n)X at 0° with 590 MeV polarized protons were investigated. A strong energy dependence of the neutron beam polarization is observed which was not expected at the time the neutron beam was built.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100500050138
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristic features of the x-ray spectra of a plasma produced by heating CO2 clusters by intense femtosecond laser pulses with λ=0.8 and 0.4 μm (1998)
    Springer
    JETP letters 68 (1998), S. 485-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1090-6487
    Keywords: 52.50.Jm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The x-ray spectra of a plasma produced by heating CO2 clusters with intense femtosecond laser pulses with λ=0.8 μm and λ=0.4 μm are investigated. Spatially resolved x-ray spectra of the cluster plasma are obtained. The observed characteristic features of the x-ray emission spectra show unequivocally that such a plasma contains quite a large relative number of ions (≃10−2–10−3) with energies of 0.1–1 MeV. The contour of the OVIII Lyα line is found to have characteristic features that are especially conspicuous when the clusters are heated with second-harmonic pulses. These features cannot be explained by any mechanisms known to the authors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.567894
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observation of ions with energies above 100 keV produced by the interaction of a 60-fs laser pulse with clusters (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of experimental and theoretical physics 88 (1999), S. 1122-1129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1090-6509
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The x-ray spectra of a plasma generated by heating CO2 and Ar clusters with high-intensity femtosecond laser pulses with q las≃1018 W/cm2 are investigated. Spatially resolved x-ray spectra of a cluster plasma are obtained for the first time. Photoionization absorption is observed to influence the spectral line profiles. The recorded features of the x-ray emission spectra definitely indicate the existence of a large relative number of excited ions (≃10−2–10−3) with energies of 0.1–1 MeV in such a plasma. Possible mechanisms underlying the acceleration of ions to high energies are discussed. It is shown that the experimental results can be attributed to the influence of ponderomotive forces in standing waves generated by the reflection of laser radiation from the clusters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.558900
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sub-nanomol per second flow measurement near atmospheric pressure (1998)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 25 (1998), S. 37-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  We present a measurement technique designed to accurately measure small flow rates near atmospheric pressure, and demonstrate the ability to measure flows on the order of 10-10 mol/sec. The technique is based upon a modification of a constant-volume mass accumulation scheme where the flow rate is measured by monitoring the change in pressure of a known volume of gas. We identify two phenomena, thermally-induced fluctuations and thermodynamically-induced fluctuations, which will affect the resolution and dynamic range of the instrumentation and discuss how the problems associated with them can be mitigated. We estimate the resolution to be approximately 2.0×10-13 mol/s, and the maximum measurable flow rate to be to the order 2×10-9 mol/s.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003480050205
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