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  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (173)
  • Emerald  (127)
  • 1995-1999  (300)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1996  (300)
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  • 1995-1999  (300)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: We describe two versions of a high temperature flowing afterglow apparatus. With a stainless steel flow tube wrapped with heating tape we have obtained data over the range 300–1300 K. In a version with a ceramic flow tube in a commercial furnace we have obtained data over the range 300–1600 K. The ceramic version is designed to take data up to 1800 K, but we have encountered experimental problems at the upper temperature range. The design modifications to a standard flowing afterglow needed to make measurements at elevated temperatures are described in detail, as are problems associated with operating at elevated temperatures. Samples of data are given. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: We have developed a simple device for preparing Xe derivatives under moderate gaseous pressure (1–100 atm). The device employs a Cajon ultra-torr fitting to ensure a gas-tight seal around a standard x-ray capillary. As such, the cell can accommodate standard x-ray capillaries up to 1.5 mm in diameter without any modification. The device is straightforward to utilize, and samples can be mounted and pressurized in a matter of seconds. In addition, a simple and safe purging and pressurization system has been designed and constructed for the use at beamline 7-1 at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL). We describe the construction of both the pressure cell and the delivery system and present results on the cells use in the preparation of xenon derivatives. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 2211-2213 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: A field-sensitive photoconductive sampling technique has been demonstrated in measurements performed through an insulating layer without the need for conductive contact. Sampled signals are sensed by a virtual-ground, floating-gate amplifier without draining charge from the device under test or the photoconductive switch. The minimum detectable signal is 2.5 μV/Hz1/2 with a spatial resolution of 7 μm, while the sampling bandwidth is essentially that observed using photoconductive sampling with a conductive contact to the device under test. The photovoltaic and shot current noise are negligible in comparison with the lock-in amplifier noise since the current flowing in this high-impedance, floating-gate probe is negligible. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 1843-1845 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We report the performance of a micromachined, photoconductive-sampling probe that is fabricated on low-temperature-grown GaAs and mounted on a single-mode optical fiber. The epitaxial probe has a temporal resolution of 3.5 ps, a spatial resolution of 7 μm, and a sensitivity of 15 nV/(Hz)1/2 when integrated with a high impedance, junction field-effect transistor source follower. The fiber, which couples short laser pulses to the interdigitated detector pattern on the probe, also provides flexible support and mobility. The probe's compact cross section makes it ideal for applications as an internal-node, picosecond-response, photoconductive sampling probe or wave form launcher for test and characterization of integrated circuits. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 3416-3418 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: In this work, we report a method for the incorporation of rare-earth oxides onto silicon surfaces. This process uses a high-energy dc spark to convert salts of rare-earth ions such as europium and erbium to the corresponding oxide phase(s) with concomitant formation of a porous layer. Scanning electron micrographs of the silicon substrate show an irregular, pitted surface morphology for those areas exposed to spark processing. Photoluminescence, infrared spectroscopy, and electron microscopy of the spark-processed regions of the Si substrate are clearly consistent with the formation of the desired luminescent oxide phase. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 105 (1996), S. 7896-7903 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Intramolecular electron transfer through alkyl chains has been investigated by measuring the cross section for halide detachment following resonant π* electron capture in linear n-halo-1-alkenes, for halo = chloro, bromo and n=2–6. The magnitude of the cross section decreases with increasing chain length for all the haloalkenes, with the exception of the halopropenes, but at a considerably faster rate for the chloro than for the bromo compounds. The decrease in cross section for the chloroalkenes occurs at a rate consistent with the decrease in electron-tunneling rates in hydrocarbons with through-bond interactions. For the bromoalkenes it appears that σ*–π* coupling is quite strong and thus the results are not consistent with an electron transfer interpretation. Excluding the propenes, the energy of the cross section maximum is essentially constant for the chloralkenes while it decreases with chain length for the bromoalkenes. Hartree–Fock calculations have been used to determine the equilibrium geometries of various conformers of the n-halo-1-alkenes for n=2–5. The 4- and 5-bromo-1-alkenes show considerably smaller conformational energy differences than do the chloro compounds. Electron attachment energies have been calculated for the most stable conformers at Hartree–Fock, density functional, and Møller–Plesset second order levels. Trends in calculated attachment energies parallel experimental trends in the energies of dissociative attachment maxima only for the Møller–Plesett second order calculations. At the Hartree–Fock level the singly occupied molecular orbitals of the haloalkene radical anions show a somewhat greater admixture of C–halogen σ* and C=Cπ* character in the bromo compounds than in the chloroalkenes, but the distinct difference in σ*–π* coupling in the bromoalkenes compared to the chloroalkenes is represented accurately only in the calculations that include electron correlation. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2469-2471 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: It is shown that in magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) with an ideal Ohm's law, in the presence of parallel heat flux, density gradient, temperature gradient, and parallel compression, but in the absence of perpendicular compressibility, there is an exact cancellation of the parallel transport terms. This cancellation is due to the fact that magnetic flux is advected in the presence of an ideal Ohm's law, and therefore parallel transport of temperature and density gives the same result as perpendicular advection of the same quantities. Discussions are also presented regarding parallel viscosity and parallel velocity shear, and the generalization to toroidal geometry. These results suggest that a correct generalization of the Hammett–Perkins fluid operator [G. W. Hammett and F. W. Perkins, Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 3019 (1990)] to simulate Landau damping for electromagnetic modes must give an operator that acts on the dynamics parallel to the perturbed magnetic field lines. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Reliable operation of discharges with negative central magnetic shear has led to significant increases in plasma performance and reactivity in both low confinement, L-mode, and high confinement, H-mode, regimes in the DIII-D tokamak [Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research 1986 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1987), Vol. 1, p. 159]. Using neutral beam injection early in the initial current ramp, a large range of negative shear discharges have been produced with durations lasting up to 3.2 s. The total noninductive current (beam plus bootstrap) ranges from 50% to 80% in these discharges. In the region of shear reversal, significant peaking of the toroidal rotation [fφ(0)∼30–60 kHz] and ion temperature [Ti(0)∼15–22 keV] profiles are observed. In high-power discharges with an L-mode edge, peaked density profiles are also observed. Confinement enhancement factors up to H≡τE/τITER-89P∼2.5 with an L-mode edge, and H∼3.3 in an edge localized mode (ELM)-free H mode, are obtained. Transport analysis shows both ion thermal diffusivity and particle diffusivity to be near or below standard neoclassical values in the core. Large pressure peaking in the L mode leads to high disruptivity with βN≡βT/(I/aB)≤2.3, while broader pressure profiles in the H mode gives low disruptivity with βN≤4.2. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Z-pinch implosions driven by the SATURN device [D. D. Bloomquist et al., Proceedings of the 6th Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Pulsed Power Conference, Arlington, VA, edited by P. J. Turchi and B. H. Bernstein (IEEE, New York, 1987), p. 310] at Sandia National Laboratory are modeled with a two-dimensional radiation magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) code, showing strong growth of the magneto-Rayleigh–Taylor (MRT) instability. Modeling of the linear and nonlinear development of MRT modes predicts growth of bubble-spike structures that increase the time span of stagnation and the resulting x-ray pulse width. Radiation is important in the pinch dynamics, keeping the sheath relatively cool during the run-in and releasing most of the stagnation energy. The calculations give x-ray pulse widths and magnitudes in reasonable agreement with experiments, but predict a radiating region that is too dense and radially localized at stagnation. We also consider peaked initial density profiles with constant imploding sheath velocity that should reduce MRT instability and improve performance. Krypton simulations show an output x-ray power (approximately-greater-than)80 TW for the peaked profile. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2344-2348 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: It is shown that destabilization of resistive wall magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modes in the presence of rotation is a mode coupling phenomenon. Based on this observation, certain unanticipated effects are readily explained. These include the fact that resistive wall modes with rotation can be unstable, even for parameters for which the MHD modes are stable with the wall at infinity, and the fact that this destabilization depends critically on the plasma parameters. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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