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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (10)
  • General Chemistry  (7)
  • polyether
  • 1995-1999  (17)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1935-1939
  • 1920-1924
  • 1996  (17)
Collection
Keywords
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  • 1995-1999  (17)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1935-1939
  • 1920-1924
Year
  • 1
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Blockcopoly(ester-ether) mit verschiedenen ionischen Einheiten wie Sulfobetain (S-Betain), Carbobetain (C-Betain) und Ammoniumtosylat wurden hergestellt und hinsichtlich ihrer Eignung als antistatische Modifikatoren für Polyethylenterephthalat (PET)-Fasern untersucht. Die ionischen Segmente wurden aus N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)methylamin generiert und statistisch mit den Polyester- und Polyoxyethylen(PEO)-Einheiten cokondensiert. Aus den Copolymeren mit S-Betain-Einheiten wurden im Schmelzspinnverfahren dicke Filamente hergestellt und deren elektrischer Widerstand bestimmt. Abhängig von der Zusammensetzung (25-75 Gew.-% PEO, 1-2 mol-% S-Betain) wurden Widerstände zwischen 108 und 1010 Ω cm-1 gemessen. Die drei copolymerartigen Modifikatoren wurden mit PET durch Blendspinnen gemischt. Die so erhaltenen PET-Fasem zeigen nicht nur gute mechanische sondern auch verbesserte antistatische Eigenschaften. Die Fasern aus dem S-Betain enthaltenden Copolymeren weisen dabei die kürzeste Halbwertszeit des Abbaus der elektrostatischen Ladung auf, obwohl der Oberflächenwiderstand dieses Materials in der Größenordnung 1013 Ω cm-2 dem Wert der mit C-Betain und Ammoniumtosylat hergestellten Fasem ähnlich ist. Die PET-Fasern bewahren ihre guten antistatischen Eigenschften auch nach dem Fäben und wiederholtem Waschen, da sowohl die hydrophilen als auch die ionischen Gruppen an den Polyesterketten fixiert sind.
    Notes: Block copoly(ester-ether)s containing different ionic units, i.e., sulfobetaine (S-betaine), carbobetaine (C-betaine), and ammonium tosylate, were prepared and evaluated as antistatic modifiers of PET fiber. The ionic units were readily derived from N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)methylamine and co-condensed randomly with the polyester and poly(oxyethylene) (PEO) units. For the copolymers containing S-betaine units, a thick filament was melt-spun to evaluate their apparent electric resistivity. Depending on the unit compositions (25-75 wt.-% of PEO and 1-2 mol-% of S-betaine), resistivities ranging from 108 to 1010 Ω cm-1 were obtained. Then, the three copolymer-type modifiers were blended with poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) by the ordinary blend-spinning technique. The blend PET fibers obtained showed not only good mechanical properties, but also improved antistatic properties. Particularly, the fiber blended with the copolymer containing S-betaine units had the shortest half-life time of leakage of static charge, although the surface area resistivity, being in the order of 1013 Ω cm-2, was similar to that of the fibers blended with the copolymers containing C-betaine and ammonium tosylate units. These blend PET fibers were found to retain good antistatic properties even after dyeing and repeated washings, because both the hydrophilic and ionic groups are immobilized with the polyester chains.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 1203-1208 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: plasma polymerization ; graft polymerization ; polyethylene ; poly(methylacrylate) ; membrane ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using a plasma-induced graft polymerization technique, which is well known as a surface modification method, the grafted polymer was formed in pores of the porous material. This study examined the filling mechanism. Five thin porous films were sandwiched together, and employed as the substrate. The substrate was treated by plasma, and the change in surface tension and radical formation was measured for each sheet after the sheet was separated. The only surface on which surface-tension change was detected, was that of the sheet directly exposed to the plasma. Although plasma treatment made polymer radicals primarily on the outer surface of the sheet, the treatment also formed a few radicals inside the sheets. The radicals inside the sheets reacted with methylacrylate and grafted polymer formed in the pores. The location of grafted polymer depended on the balance between monomer diffusivity and reactivity. The grafting rate depended on which monomer solvent was used for the polymerization. Thus, the grafted membrane morphology could be controlled by varying the grating solvent composition. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 3607-3614 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: oxidation ; polymerization ; glycerol ; platinum ; bismuth ; cerium ; builder ; CeBiPt/C ; ketomalonate ; polyketomalonate ; polyether ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: No abstract.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 739-745 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: poly(oxy-1,4-benzenediylcarbonyl) ; polymer whisker ; copolymerization ; needlelike crystals ; crystallization during polymerization ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Copolymerizations of p-acetoxybenzoic acid (p-ABA) and m-acetoxybenzoic acid (m-ABA) were carried out in liquid paraffin at 330°C without stirring. Needlelike crystals are obtained when the content of m-ABA in the feed (χf) is in the range of 0-30 mol %. These needlelike crystals are inclined to show the fibrillation in both ends and the radial growth nature from the central part as χf increased. At higher χf than 40 mol %, crystals are not precipitated during polymerization. The content of m-oxybenzoyl units in the obtained whiskers (χw) are much lower than χf. The details of the polymerization and crystallization processes reveal that cooligomers containing more m-oxybenzoyl units cannot participate in the formation of needlelike crystals due to the higher solubility and the segregation effect of crystallization. The whiskers are predominantly formed by co-oligomers consisting almost entirely of p-oxybenzoyl units. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 3615-3620 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: No abstract.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 3595-3605 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: No abstract.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 38 (1996), S. 733-744 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Oxidative folding of ο-conotoxin MVIIC, a highly basic 26-amino acid peptide with three disulfide bonds, predominantly gave two products with mismatched disulfide bonds in 0.1M NH4OAc buffer (pH 7.7) at 21°C both in the presence and absence of redox reagents such as reduced and oxidized glutathione. A low reaction temperature (5°C) and a high salt concentration in buffer such as 2M (NH4)2SO4 were necessary to obtain the correctly folded biologically active product. The folding reaction was found to proceed via a two-stage pathway of (I) the formation and (II) the rearrangement of the mismatched disulfide bonds. Both the reaction temperature and the salt strongly affected the equilibrium between mismatched and correctly formed disulfide bonds in the second stage. Such an effect of salts on the rearrangement reaction could be explained by anion binding at a low concentration and the salting out effect at a high concentration by analyzing the rank order of their effectiveness. The anion-binding effect was also confirmed by examining the folding of the tetra-acetylated peptide at the Lys side chains. CD study suggested that the yield of the biologically active product was correlated with its conformational change as functions of temperature and salt concentration. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Liquid crystalline polyesters as host polymers and paramagnetic metal complexes as guest molecules were prepared, and melt-drawn fibers were made from their blend at mesophase temperature. The wide-angle X-ray diffraction patterns of the fibers indicated that the nematic or smectic phase is frozen during melt-drawing. The molecular orientation of the metal complexes in the fibers was investigated by means of ESR. The order parameter obtained from the ESR spectra of the fibers suggests that the base of the square planar Cu(II) and pyramidal V(IV)=O complex is almost completely oriented parallel to the fiber axis.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemistry - A European Journal 2 (1996), S. 617-623 
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Keywords: barbiturates ; macrocycles ; molecular recognition ; receptors ; zinc complexes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new bis-zinc(II) receptor (Zn2L), which has two macrocyclic 12-membered tetraamine (cyclen) ZnII complexes connected through a p-xylene bridge, has been synthesized as a novel host molecule to recognize barbiturates (such as barbital (bar)) in aqueous solution. Each of the zinc(II) ions in the biszinc(II) receptor was originally intended to match the dianionic barbital anion (bar2-) with supplementary hydrogen bonds between the cyclen NH's and the three carbonyl oxygens in complementary positions to yield a 1:1 complex, Zn2L-bar2-. From an aqueous solution of equimolar Zn2L and barbital at pH 8, however, a cyclic 2:2 complex, (Zn2L-bar2-)2, was isolated and characterized by X-ray crystal analysis. The NMR study in 10% (v/v) D2O/H2O has revealed dissociation of (Zn2L-bar2-)2 solely into the original target 1:1 complex Zn2L-bar2- and established the dimerization constant for 2Zn2L-bar2- → (Zn2L-bar2-)2, Kd ( = [(Zn2L-bar2-)2]/[Zn2L-bar2-]2) to be 103.4 M-1. The thermodynamic parameters were evaluated from the NMR measurements at 25, 35, 45, and 55°C: ΔG = -1.9 × 104 J mol-1, ΔH = - 3.3 × 104 J mol-1, ΔS = - 49 J mol-1 K-1 at 25°C. Potentiometric pH titration of Zn2L (1 mM) and barbital (1 mM) disclosed extremely facile deprotonation of the two imido groups of barbital at pH less than 7 to form the dianionic barbital-bound ZnII complexes Zn2L-bar2- and (Zn2L-bar2-)2, where-by the barbital binding affinity for Zn2L was estimated to be Kbar ( = [Zn2L-bar2-]/[uncomplexed Zn2L][uncomplexed barbital]) = 105.8 M-1 at pH 8 and 25°C with I = 0.10 (NaNO3). The significance of the bis-zinc(II) receptor in stabilizing the dianionic barbital is evident by comparison with the interaction of ZnII-cyclen complex (ZnL) with barbital, which yields only a 1:1 monoanionic barbital complex, ZnL-bar- (Kbar = [ZnL-bar-]/[uncomplexed ZnL][uncomplexed barbital] = 104.2M-1 at pH 8 and 25°C with I = 0.10 (NaNO3)).
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Oxidasen ; β-Galactosidase ; Lactosamin ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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