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  • Gas chromatography  (9)
  • Coleoptera
  • Lepidoptera
  • Springer  (14)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Springer Science + Business Media
  • 2000-2004
  • 1995-1999  (14)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1996  (14)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (14)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Springer Science + Business Media
Years
  • 2000-2004
  • 1995-1999  (14)
  • 1980-1984
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physiology and costs of resistance to herbivory and disease in Brassica (1996)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 80 (1996), S. 231-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Leptosphaeria maculans ; Peronospora parasitica ; fungal pathogens ; Phyllotreta cruciferae ; flea beetles ; Coleoptera ; Chrysomelidae ; Cruciferae ; chitinase ; myrosinase ; allocation costs ; plant defense mechanisms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We used artificial selection experiments to study genetic allocation costs and physiological mechanisms of resistance to herbivory and fungal disease. Genetic costs to resistance were present in some instances and absent in others. Genetic resistance to the fungal pathogen, Leptosphaeria maculans was cost-free, while resistance to Peronospora parasitica showed a negative genetic correlation between disease resistance and growth rate. Leptosphaeria resistant genotypes had 13% higher chitinase activity. Genetic increases in myrosinase activity were correlated with increased resistance to flea beetles (Phyllotreta cruciferae), but resulted in lower plant fecundity, presumably due to production costs of myrosinase. Genetic costs of resistance may maintain genetic variation in natural plant populations. These studies demonstrate the predictive and explanatory power of a functional approach to plant-herbivore and plant-pathogen interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194764
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survivorship of Australian Othreis fullonia on Erythrina variegata: hypotheses for development of host-plant biotypes in the Pacific (1996)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 80 (1996), S. 145-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: fruit-piercing moths ; Pacific biotypes ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; Fabaceae ; Menispermaceae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194744
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flight activity ofProstephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in relation to population density, resource quality, age, and sex (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 9 (1996), S. 339-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: Prostephanus truncatus ; larger grain borer ; Coleoptera ; Bostrichidae ; flight ; stored product insect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Higher flight activity has been observed in aged, high-density cultures ofProstephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), but adults in new, lowdensity culture jars showed less flight activity. In order to understand this change in behavior, the effects of population density, age, resource quality, and sex on the flight ofP. truncatus were studied in a wind tunnel. While an immediate density on the release platform had no significant effect on flight, beetles from high-density cultures were more inclined to fly than those from low-density cultures. Resource quality exerted a major influence on flight; insects in food suitable for boring and oviposition seldomly exhibited flight, however, when food was absent or of inferior quality for boring and oviposition, the dominant behavior was flight. Also, insects maintained for a week in food suitable for boring and oviposition were less ready to fly than those maintained in food unsuitable for boring and oviposition. The optimum age range for flight activity was before the peak of reproduction and insects rarely flew before 4 days or after 32 days of emergence. There were no significant differences between the flight activity of males and that of females. Based on these results, we conclude that age and resource quality are major influences on the flight activity ofP. truncatus and a hypothesis is proposed in which reproductively active male and female beetles disperse from habitats of low resource quality to those that support their reproductive behavior. The practical implications of these results and the possible role of the male-produced aggregation pheromone are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02213876
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nα-quinaldyl-L-arginine·HCl, a new defensive alkaloid fromSubcoccinella-24-punctata (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) (1996)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 52 (1996), S. 628-630 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Coleoptera ; Coccinellidae ; Subcoccinella-24-punctata ; chemical defense ; quinoline alkaloid ; Nα-quinaldyl-L-arginine·HCl
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The isolation of Nα-quinaldyl-L-arginine·HCl (1) from the CoccinellidaeSubcoccinella-24-punctata is reported. The structure, first established on the basis of the analysis of the spectral properties of1, has been confirmed by synthesis. The alkaloid is of endogenous origin and markedly deterrent to ants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01969744
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dichloromethane attracts diabroticite larvae in a laboratory behavioral bioassay (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 22 (1996), S. 1331-1344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Diabrotica virgifera virgifera ; Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi ; Diabrotica balteata ; Coleoptera ; Chrysomeljdae ; semiochemical ; structure-activity ; host-finding ; carbon dioxide ; corn ; soybeans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A two-choice laboratory behavioral bioassay was used to demonstrate that dichloromethane elicits the dose-dependent attraction of secondinstar western and southern corn rootworms. Preliminary data suggest that second-instar banded cucumber beetles are also attracted to dichloromethane. An eluotropic series of 10 materials, including distilled water, ethanol, methanol, acetone, ethyl dichloroacetate, dichloromethane, diethyl ether, benzene, hexadecane, and hexane, was tested for attraction of western corn rootworm larvae. Dichloromethane was the only one attractive at all doses tested, and orthogonal comparisons revealed a quadratic trend (convex) for responses of larvae to increasing dose. Benzene and hexadecane also attracted larvae, but significantly fewer than dichloromethane, and only at three doses and one dose, respectively. Orthogonal comparisons revealed no linear or quadratic trend for responses of larvae to increasing doses of either compound. Dichloromethane is the first organic compound demonstrated to attract western corn rootworm larvae in the absence of carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide has previously been reported to attract western corn rootworm larvae either independently or when combined with other organic compounds, and the sensitivity of our bioassay was tested by demonstrating the dose-dependent attraction of western corn rootworm larvae to carbonated water as a carbon dioxide source. We have also demonstrated the attraction of southern corn rootworm larvae to carbon dioxide and propose that carbon dioxide and dichloromethane behave analogously when they interact with chemoreceptor sites on larvae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02266970
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The stability of selected herbicides preconcentrated from estuarine river waters on solid-phase extraction disks (1996)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 42 (1996), S. 72-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Estuarine waters ; Solid-phase extraction ; Triazines, alachlor, metolachlor ; Nitrogen phosphorus detection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The stability of atrazine, simazine, alachlor, metolachlor, and deethylatrazine on C18 Empore disks has been determined. Estuarine water (100 mL) spiked at 3 μg L−1 with the target pesticide mixture was preconcentrated on the disks; the disks were then stored at −20°C, 4°C, and at room temperature for periods up to three months and were analyzed by gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection. Complete recovery was observed after storage at −20°C throughout the period of the study. Losses up to maximum of 10% were observed after storage at 4°C. Higher losses (up to 24% for alachlor) occurred only at room temperature; the coefficient of variation for these determinations (8–11%) was also higher than that for the others (3–5%). The stability of the pesticides was dependent on the water matrix, on storage temperature, and on properties such as vapor pressure and water solubility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02271058
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contribution to the unified retention data of hydrocarbons on squalane (1996)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 42 (1996), S. 660-664 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Unified retention data ; Alkanes, alkenes, naphthenes and aromatics ; Squalane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Gas chromatographic, unified retention data of 120 hydrocarbons including: alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alkylcycloalkanes, alkylcycloalkenes, aromatics and dienes on squalane stacionary phases are given. These values agree well with the corresponding experimental values used in the statistical treatment of the experimental data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02267698
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microwave assisted solvent extraction (MASE) for the efficient determination of triazines in soil samples with aged residues (1996)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 43 (1996), S. 527-532 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Microwave-assistend solvent extraction (MASE) ; Pesticide residue analysis ; Triazine herbicides ; Soil samples
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The use of microwave-assisted solvent extraction (MASE) as an alternative for conventional solvent extraction procedures for the determination of some triazine herbicides in soil samples has been investigated. In this study MASE method development was focused on the selection of a suitable extraction solvent prior to the instrumental analysis of uncleaned extracts with gas chromatography and nitrogen-specific detection. A mixture of dichloromethane-methanol (90∶10, v/v) yielded recoveries ranging from 89 to 103 (spiked level 200 μg/kg) with RSDs ranging from 2.1 to 5.3%. This solvent mixture is also very convenient for further procedure. The selected MASE procedure was tested by analyzing freshly spiked soil samples and samples with aged residues of atrazine, desethylatrazine, desisopropylatrazine and simazine. The results were compared with those obtained by a conventional liquid extraction method. The comparative study indicated that MASE yields recoveries at least as good as those obtained by the conventional method. Moreover, the MASE procedure provides low solvent consumption in combination with a high sample throughput.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02293005
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of fosfomycin in human urine by capillary gas chromatography: Application to clinical pharmacokinetic studies (1996)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 43 (1996), S. 293-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Fosfomycin in urine ; Pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A capillary gas chromatographic method for the determination of fosfomycin in human urine is described. After dilution of the sample and derivatization, analysis was on a HP-1 capillary column and a flame ionization detector was used to determine the bistrimethylsilyl derivative of fosfomycin. Response was linear in the range 50–5000 μg mL−1. The detection limit was about 10 μg mL−1. The within and between day coefficients of variation did not exceed 6%. The method was applied to the determination of fosfomycin in urine samples collected during clinical pharmacokinetic studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02270997
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A computerized analysis of the sulfur content in diesel fuel by capillary gas chromatography with flame photometric detector (1996)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 42 (1996), S. 631-638 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; flame photometric detector ; Sulfur in diesel fuel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new method is proposed for the computerized determination of sulfur in diesel fuel by capillary gas chromatography with a flame photometric detector (FPD). The diesel fuel is injected in the gas chromatograph after dilution with n-hexane. After recording the chromatogram, the sulfur content in the diesel fuel (mg L−1 or w/w) is given directly by an integrator provided with a Basic card or by a personal computer in which the algorithm of the calibration curve has been entered. Use of a calibration curve does not require the identification of the numerous sulfur compounds present in diesel fuel. The calibration curve was corrected for the quenching effect that the hydrocarbon components of the diesel fuel produce on the detector response. The method was tested using diesel fuel with a known sulfur concentration and was found to be very accurate; it is reproducible, fast and may be automated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02267694
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