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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (7)
  • Nature Publishing Group  (3)
  • American Meteorological Society  (1)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (1)
  • American Meteorological Society (AMS)
  • 1995-1999  (12)
  • 1995  (12)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Initiating Autogenic Restoration on Shallow Semiarid Sites (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Restoration ecology 3 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1526-100X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Our objectives were to evaluate the use of microcatchments in the establishment of Leucaena retusa (little-leaf leadtree) and Atriplex canescens (four-wing saltbush) and their role in the initiation of autogenic landscape restoration processes on a shallow semiarid site. Three six-month-old seedlings of either Leucaena retusa or Atriplex canescens were planted in 1.5-m2 microcatchments. An equal number of seedlings was planted in control plots (unmodified soil surface). The water collection effects on shrub survival, standing biomass, and the natural immigration of herbaceous vegetation were determined over 42 months. Planting in microcatchment basins doubled Leucaena seedling survival and resulted in a five-fold increase in standing biomass, compared to the control, during the first growing season. There was a significant increase in soil organic matter in the microcatchment basins within 32 months. At the same time, microcatchments planted with Atriplex canescens seedlings had a ten-fold increase in seedling standing biomass compared to the control. Forty-two months after transplanting, the herbaceous standing crop was significantly greater near Atriplex canescens or in microcatchment basins than in plots with unmodified surface soil. Basins containing Atriplex produced significantly more herbaceous vegetation than basins containing Leucaena, and empty basins produced the least herbaceous vegetation of three basin treatments. These data suggest that landscape-scale procedures that concentrate scarce resources (water, organic matter, nutrients, and propagules), establish keystone species, and ameliorate microenvironmental conditions can initiate autogenic restoration of degraded semiarid ecosystems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.1995.tb00076.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contribution of the FMR1 gene mutation to human intellectual dysfunction (1995)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 11 (1995), S. 331-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] The primary goal of the current study was to specify and measure the relative contributions of general genetic background (mean parental IQ (MPIQ)) and relevant molecular characteristics of the FMR1 mutation (repeat length and activation status) to the variance in intellectual functioning in girls ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng1195-331
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protection against Fas-dependent Thl-mediated apoptosis by antigen receptor engagement in B cells (1995)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 374 (1995), S. 163-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] To confirm that target-cell lysis occurred through a Fas-dependent mechanism in these assays, primary B cells were stimulated and used as targets in a CD4+ Thl-cell-mediated cytotoxicity (Thl-CMC) assay, as described9. Lipopolysacchar-ide (LPS)-stimulated B cells obtained ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/374163a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of cytochrome P450eryF involved in erythromycin biosynthesis (1995)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature structural biology 2 (1995), S. 144-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1072-8368
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Cytochrome P450eryF catalyzes the 6S-hydroxylation of 6-deoxyerythronolide B, the initial reaction in a multistep pathway to convert 6-deoxyerythronolide B into the antibiotic, erythromycin. The overall structure of P450eryF is similar to that of P450cam but differs in the exact positioning of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsb0295-144
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple assay for screening translational activity of non-natural amino acids. Implications for polymer synthesis on messenger RNA templates (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 33 (1995), S. 1267-1274 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: unnatural amino acids ; 5,5,5-trifluoroleucine ; azetidine-2-carboxylic acid ; thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid ; mono-fluorophenylalanine (o,m,p) ; thienylalanine ; cellfree protein synthesis ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ability to incorporate unnatural amino acids into biologically synthesized proteins will greatly extend the impact of protein engineering on polymer materials science. The present report describes the use of a rapid cell-free assay to assess the incorporation potential of unnatural amino acids in Escherichia coli. The assay features a coupled transcription-translation system (‘Zubay system’) to screen incorporation of amino acid analogs into plasmid-encoded proteins. Activity estimates are based on the ability of an analog to compete with a radiolabeled natural amino acid, and toxicity effects are screened by monitoring incorporation of a second, unrelated amino acid. The assay was established with analogs known to be active in vivo, using a common bacterial expression vector as template DNA. Positive results were obtained with the leucine analog 5,5,5-trifluoroleucine, the proline analogs azetidine-2-carboxylic acid and thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, and three isomers of mono-fluorophenylalanine (o,m,p). No activity was observed for the phenylalanine analogs 2-thienylalanine and 3-thienylalanine. The results suggest that the cell-free assay will be a useful predictor of in vivo incorporation and a useful tool in the design and synthesis of genetically engineered materials. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1995.080330809
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In-Process Particle Size Distribution Measurements and Control (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 12 (1995), S. 309-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In-process measurement of particle size and concentration distributions provides continuous analysis, quality control, and optimization of product yield. As process production rates continue to improve, the delay between laboratory analysis and process correction of the product stream becomes more significant and costly in many commercial applications. Elimination of sample handling and operator manipulation is now possible for most pneumatic flows using optical methods which are properly interfaced with the process stream. Insitec has developed such an instrument based on ensemble laser-diffraction that has been successfully applied to a wide range of research and industrial process applications.As part of the adaptation of instrumentation to the specific needs of different process applications, we have developed several different interface arrangements, including a direct inline system and an eductor bypass instrument. A specific window purge design has been developed and shown to operate for extended time periods (exceeding one month and more) without maintenance. To address the wide range of operating concentrations that occur in practice, a variable pathlength interface has been developed along with a deconvolution algorithm that corrects multiple scattering effects for light transmissions down to 20%. Distribution update rates are computed and displayed in less than 5 seconds. This methodology is described along with measurements in a non-steady pharmaceutical powder processing application. Results show uniform size measurement for ten-fold concentration variations. Real time measurements allowed diagnosis and correction of non-steady feed rates to a classifier-mill.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19950120611
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Systematic Definition of Organic Reactions (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemistry - A European Journal 1 (1995), S. 449-453 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Keywords: computer chemistry ; databases indexing ; reaction organization ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A logical system is presented to describe organic reactions. It is based on the net structural change in a reaction, rather than on substructure searching. This system rigorously provides a place for any reaction. It is very simple to use by hand, but, since it is also numerical, it provides a basis for organizing and retrieving reactions in a database by computer. The effectiveness of a program, COGNOS, written to implement and test the system on a large database, lends confidence in this logic for organizing reactions.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.19950010710
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fermentation and isolation of C10-deacetylase for the production of 10-deacetylbaccatin III from baccatin III (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 48 (1995), S. 547-550 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: C10-deacetylase ; baccatin III ; 10Deacetylbaccatin III ; Nocardioides Iuteus ; fermentation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: 10-Deacetylabaccatin III (10 DAB), an important precursor for paclitaxel semisynthesis, is enhanced in yew extracts using C10-deacetylase and C13-deacylase enzymes.4 C10-deacetylase is an intracellular enzyme produced by the fermentation of a soil microorganism, Nocardioides luteus (SC 13912). During the fermentation of Nocardioides luteus, the growth of cells reaches a maximum growth at 28 h. C10-deacetylase enzyme activity starts at 26 h and peaks at 38 h of the fermentation. The cells are recovered by centrifugation. The C10-deacetylase enzyme was purified from the Nocardioides luteus cells. The enzyme was purified 190-fold to near homogeneity. The purified enzyme appeared as a single band on 12.5% SDS-PAGE analysis with a molecular weight of 40,000 daltons. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260480518
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and properties of a photosensitive polyimide: Effect of photosensitive group (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 33 (1995), S. 453-465 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: photosensitive polyimide ; thermal imidization ; in-plane orientation ; microvoid ; mechanical properties ; optical properties ; dielectric constant ; residual stress ; water diffusion ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The photosensitive poly(p-phenylene biphenylteracarboximide) (BPDA-PDA) precursor was synthesized by attaching photocross-linkable 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEM) monomer to its poly(amic acid) through acid/base complexation. The polyimide thin films were prepared by a conventional cast/softbake/thermal imidization process from the photosensitive precursors with various concentrations of DMAEM. The structure and properties of the polyimide films were investigated by small-angle and wide-angle x-ray scattering, refractive indices and birefringence analysis, residual stress and relaxation analysis, stress-strain analysis, and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. In comparison with the polyimide film from the poly(amic acid), the films, which were imidized from the photosensitive precursors, exhibited a better molecular order and microstructure; however, they exhibited less molecular orientation in the film plane. Despite the enhancement in both the molecular order and microstructure, the film properties (i.e., mechanical properties, thermal expansion, residual stress, optical properties, dielectric constant, and water sorption) degraded overall due to both the decrease in molecular in-plane orientation and the formation of microvoids caused by the bulky photosensitive group during thermal imidization. That is, on one hand, the PSPI precursor formation provides an advantageous, direct patternability to the BPDA-PDA precursor, and on the other hand, it results in degraded properties to the resulting polyimide film. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1995.090330314
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Permeability characterization. Part 1: A proposed standard reference fabric for permeability (1995)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Composites 16 (1995), S. 429-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A three-dimensionally woven fabric is proposed as a standard reference material for permeability characterization. The 3-D woven fabric requires care in cutting and handling, although it is more robust than 2-D woven or braided fabrics. If prepared carefully, the permeability of the 3-D woven fabric can be measured reproducibly within 15% in either radial flow or saturated 1-D flow geometries. The material was characterized for permeability in radial, unsaturated and saturated 1-D, and through-thickness flow geometries. The transient results demonstrated the importance of structural heterogeneity on the unsaturated flow behavior, and agree qualitatively with a simplistic model of flow in heterogeneous unsaturated porous media. The effects of heterogeneity were manifested in the proposed SRM by an increasing trend in the “unsaturated permeability.” Experiments were also conducted with a random mat that displayed transient flows dominated by wicking. The effects of wicking on the macroscopic flow behavior were manifested by transients in the “unsaturated permeability” in which a decreasing trend was observed.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.750160602
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