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  • Aircraft Communications and Navigation  (3)
  • Aeronautics (General)
  • Humans
  • 2015-2019
  • 1995-1999  (5)
  • 1995  (5)
  • 1
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    Independent human MAP-kinase signal transduction pathways defined by MEK and MKK isoforms (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-02-03
    Description: Mammalian mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases include extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 subgroups. These MAP kinase isoforms are activated by dual phosphorylation on threonine and tyrosine. Two human MAP kinase kinases (MKK3 and MKK4) were cloned that phosphorylate and activate p38 MAP kinase. These MKK isoforms did not activate the ERK subgroup of MAP kinases, but MKK4 did activate JNK. These data demonstrate that the activators of p38 (MKK3 and MKK4), JNK (MKK4), and ERK (MEK1 and MEK2) define independent MAP kinase signal transduction pathways.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Derijard, B -- Raingeaud, J -- Barrett, T -- Wu, I H -- Han, J -- Ulevitch, R J -- Davis, R J -- AI15136/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA58396/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM37696/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Feb 3;267(5198):682-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01605.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7839144" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; Enzyme Activation ; Humans ; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; MAP Kinase Kinase 3 ; *MAP Kinase Kinase 4 ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ; *Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases ; *Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/chemistry/*metabolism ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/chemistry/*metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Substrate Specificity ; Transfection ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
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    Quantitative monitoring of gene expression patterns with a complementary DNA microarray (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-10-20
    Description: A high-capacity system was developed to monitor the expression of many genes in parallel. Microarrays prepared by high-speed robotic printing of complementary DNAs on glass were used for quantitative expression measurements of the corresponding genes. Because of the small format and high density of the arrays, hybridization volumes of 2 microliters could be used that enabled detection of rare transcripts in probe mixtures derived from 2 micrograms of total cellular messenger RNA. Differential expression measurements of 45 Arabidopsis genes were made by means of simultaneous, two-color fluorescence hybridization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schena, M -- Shalon, D -- Davis, R W -- Brown, P O -- R21HG00450/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R37AG00198/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Oct 20;270(5235):467-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, Beckman Center, Stanford University Medical Center, CA 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7569999" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/*genetics ; *Arabidopsis Proteins ; DNA, Complementary/*genetics ; DNA, Plant/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; *Gene Expression ; *Genes, Plant ; *Genetic Techniques ; Genome, Human ; Homeodomain Proteins ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Plant Leaves/genetics ; Plant Roots/genetics ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA Probes ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Plant/genetics ; Transcription Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    TRACON Aircraft Arrival Planning and Optimization Through Spatial Constraint Satisfaction (1995)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-18
    Description: A new aircraft arrival planning and optimization algorithm has been incorporated into the Final Approach Spacing Tool (FAST) in the Center-TRACON Automation System (CTAS) developed at NASA-Ames Research Center. FAST simulations have been conducted over three years involving full-proficiency, level five air traffic controllers from around the United States. From these simulations an algorithm, called Spatial Constraint Satisfaction, has been designed, coded, undergone testing, and soon will begin field evaluation at the Dallas-Fort Worth and Denver International airport facilities. The purpose of this new design is an attempt to show that the generation of efficient and conflict free aircraft arrival plans at the runway does not guarantee an operationally acceptable arrival plan upstream from the runway -information encompassing the entire arrival airspace must be used in order to create an acceptable aircraft arrival plan. This new design includes functions available previously but additionally includes necessary representations of controller preferences and workload, operationally required amounts of extra separation, and integrates aircraft conflict resolution. As a result, the Spatial Constraint Satisfaction algorithm produces an optimized aircraft arrival plan that is more acceptable in terms of arrival procedures and air traffic controller workload. This paper discusses the current Air Traffic Control arrival planning procedures, previous work in this field, the design of the Spatial Constraint Satisfaction algorithm, and the results of recent evaluations of the algorithm.
    Keywords: Aircraft Communications and Navigation
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Knowledge-based scheduling of arrival aircraft (1995)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A knowledge-based method for scheduling arrival aircraft in the terminal area has been implemented and tested in real-time simulation. The scheduling system automatically sequences, assigns landing times, and assigns runways to arrival aircraft by utilizing continuous updates of aircraft radar data and controller inputs. The scheduling algorithms is driven by a knowledge base which was obtained in over two thousand hours of controller-in-the-loop real-time simulation. The knowledge base contains a series of hierarchical 'rules' and decision logic that examines both performance criteria, such as delay reduction, as well as workload reduction criteria, such as conflict avoidance. The objective of the algorithms is to devise an efficient plan to land the aircraft in a manner acceptable to the air traffic controllers. This paper will describe the scheduling algorithms, give examples of their use, and present data regarding their potential benefits to the air traffic system.
    Keywords: Aircraft Communications and Navigation
    Type: NASA-TM-111254 , NAS 1.15:111254 , AIAA Paper 95-3366 , AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference; Aug 07, 1995 - Aug 10, 1995; Baltimore, MD; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Knowledge-Based Scheduling of Arrival Aircraft in the Terminal Area (1995)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A knowledge based method for scheduling arrival aircraft in the terminal area has been implemented and tested in real time simulation. The scheduling system automatically sequences, assigns landing times, and assign runways to arrival aircraft by utilizing continuous updates of aircraft radar data and controller inputs. The scheduling algorithm is driven by a knowledge base which was obtained in over two thousand hours of controller-in-the-loop real time simulation. The knowledge base contains a series of hierarchical 'rules' and decision logic that examines both performance criteria, such as delay reductions, as well as workload reduction criteria, such as conflict avoidance. The objective of the algorithm is to devise an efficient plan to land the aircraft in a manner acceptable to the air traffic controllers. This paper describes the scheduling algorithms, gives examples of their use, and presents data regarding their potential benefits to the air traffic system.
    Keywords: Aircraft Communications and Navigation
    Type: NASA-TM-111952 , NAS 1.15:111952 , AIAA Paper 95-3366 , Guidance, Navigation, and Control; Aug 07, 1995 - Aug 10, 1995; Baltimore, MD; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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