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  • Chemistry  (665)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (286)
  • Life Sciences (General)  (51)
  • 1990-1994  (716)
  • 1993  (716)
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  • 1990-1994  (716)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interpenetrating polymer networks of poly(dimethyl siloxane-urethane) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (1993)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 2481-2491 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: interpenetrating polymer networks ; poly(dimethylsiloxane-urethane) ; poly(methyl methacrylate) ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Simultaneous IPNs of poly(dimethyl siloxane-urethane) (PDMSU)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and related isomers have been prepared by using new oligomers of bis(β-hydroxyethoxymethyl)poly(dimethyl siloxane)s (PDMS diols) and new crosslinkers biuret triisocyanate (BTI) and tris(β-hydroxylethoxymethyl dimethylsiloxy) phenylsilane (Si-triol). Their phase morphology have been characterized by DSC and SEM. The SEM phase domain size is decreased by increasing crosslink density of the PDMSU network. A single phase IPN of PDMSU/PMMA can be made at an Mc = 1000 and 80 wt % of PDMSU. All of the pseudo- or semi-IPNs and blends of PDMSU and PMMA were phase separated with phase domain sizes ranging from 0.2 to several micrometers. The full IPNs of PDMSU/PMMA have better thermal resistance compared to the blends of linear PDMSU and linear PMMA. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1993.080311008
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Semi-interpenetrating polymer networks composed of poly(ethylene terephthalate) and vernonia oil (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 48 (1993), S. 953-968 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Semi-interpenetrating networks have been synthesized from vernonia oil-sebacic acid polyester network and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). Bond interchange reactions during mixing of the two materials led to the formation of a miscible copolymer mixture, in which the vernonia oil was then cross-linked with sebacic acid. The materials were phase-separated, exhibiting two glass transitions, when the network was synthesized at 160°C, below the crystallization temperature of PET: however, a single stable glass transition (Tg) results after the material is heated to above the melting temperature of PET and cooled. When the vernonia polyester network was completely formed at 250°C, above the crystallization temperature of PET, noncrystalline, single-Tg material was created. The two-phase semi-IPNs were much tougher than were their constituent materials, with the 50% semi-IPN over 15 times tougher than the PET from which it was made and over 50 times tougher than the neat vernonia oil elastomer, with tensile energy to break of 1780 kJ/m3. The single-Tg material was nearly 2.5 times as tough as the two-phase material, with energy to break of 4400 kJ/m3. The microstructure of the two-phase 50% semi-IPN was investigated by transmission electron microscopy, which showed regularly shaped spherulites of 10-20 μm in diameter, as compared to irregularly shaped spherulites observed in a similar 50/50 castor oil urethane/PET semi-IPN, in which the network formed simultaneously with PET crystallization. Scanning electron microscopy of the semi-IPN fracture surfaces showed microscopic fibrils several hundred nanometers in diameter in both the two-phase and single-Tg materials, although only the two-phase semi-IPN had a macroscopically rough surface. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1993.070480603
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simultaneous determination of rare earths by x-ray fluorescence spectrometry using a fundamental parameters method (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 22 (1993), S. 362-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Concentrates extracted from a lateritic mineral deposit were analysed for their rare earth (RE) content by energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry. The L emission lines of the lanthanides were excited with the 22.1 keV Ag K radiation from an annular Cd-109 radioisotope source. The problem of the extensive overlap of the L lines were solved by the AXIL program for deconvolution of XRF spectra. Individual REs were quantified by preparing semi-transparent pellets of the concentrate with starch which served as dilutant and binder. This allowed correction for sample absorption with the light matrix program of the QXAS analysis package based on the fundamental parameter method. The method allowed the simultaneous determination of 12 rare earths contained in the sample, with a reproducibility of 2.0-29% and accuracy in the range 1.5-24% relative error without the use of standard materials. Detection limits achieved were in the range of 340 ppm for the heavy REs and 4000 ppm for the light REs.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300220508
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Skeletal vibrational spectra of LAuCl3 complexes with heterocyclic nitrogen donors (1993)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 24 (1993), S. 233-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The low-frequency Raman and infrared spectra of a series of gold(III) chloride complexes of the type of LAuCl3 (where L is thiazole, oxazole and their derivatives) were studied. The skeletal gold-chlorine and the gold-ligand vibrations were assigned.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250240409
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative study of the interactions of cisplatin and carboplatin with nucleotides using UV resonance raman spectroscopy (1993)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 33 (1993), S. 1631-1641 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have obtained the UV excited resonance Raman spectra of five mononucleotides bound to cisplatin and to carboplatin using excitation in resonance with the first electronic absorption bands of the nucleotide bases. Substantial changes in the spectra are observed following interaction with both platinum drugs, indicating modifications to nucleotide structure. Pt (II) binds to base portions of the nucleotide molecules, altering their normal modes of vibration significantly. We present comparative data of cisplatin and carboplatin, and discuss the implications of these results. The kinetics of the drug/nucleotide reactions differ, but final products are found to be similar. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360331102
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Muricatetrocins A and B and Gigantetrocin B: Three New Cytotoxic Monotetrahydrofuran-Ring Acetogenins from Annona muricata (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 76 (1993), S. 2433-2444 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Extracts from the seeds of Annona muricata yielded three new Annonaceous acetogenins: muricatetrocin A (= (5S)-3-{(2R)-2-hydroxy-9-{(2R,5S)-tetrahydro-5-[(1S,4S,5S)-1,4,5-trihydroxyheptadecyl]furan-2-yl}nonyl}-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one; 1), muricatetrocin B (= (5S)-{(2R)-2-hydroxy-9-{(2S,5S)-tetrahydro-5-[(1S,4S,5S)-1,4,5-trihydroxyheptadecyl]furan-2-yl}nonyl}-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one; 2), and gigantetrocin B (= (5S)-3-{(2R)-2-hydroxy-7-{(2S,5S)-tetrahydro-5-[(1S,4R,5R)-1,4,5-trihydroxynonadecyl]furan-2-yl}heptyl}-5-methyl-furan-2(5H)-one; 3). Their C-skeletons were deduced by mass spectrometry. Configurations were determined by 1H-NMR of ketal derivatives and 2D-NMR experiments utilizing Mosher esters. A previously described compound, gigantetrocin A (= (5S)-3-{(2R)-2-hydroxy-7-{(2S,5S)-tetrahydro-5-[(1S,4S,5S)-1,4,5-trihydroxynonadecyl]furan-2-yl}heptyl}-5-methylfuran-2-(5H)one; 4), was also isolated and is new to this species. Compounds 1-4 were all selectively cytotoxic for the HT-29 human colon-tumor cell line with potencies at least 10 times that of adriamycin.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19930760703
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    mini-chiuz (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie in unserer Zeit 27 (1993), S. 108-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2851
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ciuz.19930270302
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Swelling of interpenetrating polymer networks (1993)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 515-519 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: interpenetrating polymer networks ; density ; equilibrium degree ; kinetics of solvent swelling ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have studied the densities, kinetics, and equilibrium degree of swelling in a number of different solvents of poly(carbonate urethane)/poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(carbonate urethane)/poly(vinyl pyridine) interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN's). The kinetics of solvent uptake are often anomalous. The equilibrium extent of swelling reflects, among other factors, the number of phases present. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1993.080310223
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of the Kalman filter for multivariate calibration in a real system and its comparison with CLS and pure component calibration methods (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemometrics 7 (1993), S. 267-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Keywords: Kalman filter ; Multivariate calibration ; Condition number ; Prediction error ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The usefulness of the Kalman filter as an algorithm for calibration in a real system is shown. Results are compared with classical least squares and pure component calibration. The prediction of four priority pollutant chlorophenols in binary, ternary and quaternary mixtures was also carried out by Kalman filtering. The condition number, standard deviation and prediction error have been employed to choose the most suitable wavelength range. Comparison of the standard error of prediction in the validation set shows significant differences between the evaluated chlorophenols, the best results being obtained with Kalman multivariate calibration.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cem.1180070405
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of water-soluble oligomers formed during the emulsion polymerization of styrene by means of isotachophoresis (1993)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 467-483 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: emulsion polymerization ; isotachophoresis ; oligomer ; free radical ; aqueous phase ; styrene ; termination ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The concentrations and probable nature of charged oligomers formed by aqueous-phase termination in the persulfate-initiated emulsion polymerization of styrene were measured by isotachophoresis. Isotachophoresis has some advantages over other techniques (e.g., GPC, UV spectroscopy) in that it separates species according to their molecular weight, geometry, and charge. The charged water-soluble oligomeric species were detected in experiments in which particles were nucleated in a surfactant-free environment. Identification of the moieties present was made by comparison with model compounds. Evidence was found for bimolecular combination as a major mechanism of termination in the aqueous phase, although the possibility of disproportionation could not be ruled out. The species formed in the aqueous phase under saturated monomer conditions were found to be subject to further reaction towards the end of polymerization. The surface adsorption characteristics of the compounds formed were compared with those of known surfactants and showed good agreement with the assumptions in the model of Maxwell et. al. [Macromolecules, 24, 1629 (1991)] for initiator efficiencies in emulsion polymerization. The relatively large concentrations of nonradical aqueous-soluble oligomeric compounds demonstrate conclusively that initiator efficiencies are not 100%, as is often assumed in such systems. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1993.080310219
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