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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (24)
  • 550 - Earth sciences  (3)
  • 1990-1994  (27)
  • 1970-1974
  • 1993  (27)
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  • 1990-1994  (27)
  • 1970-1974
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  • 1
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The η3, η2, η2-dodeca-2(E), 6(E), 10(Z)-trien-1-yl-nickel(II) complexes [Ni(C12H19)]X (X = SbF6, O3SCF3) were treated in toluene with amorphous aluminium trifluoride (which was prepared from AlEt3 and BF3 · OEt2) in a mole ratio 1 : 10 to 20, forming a highly active catalyst for the 1,4-cis polymerization of butadiene. This catalyst is comparable in its activity and selectivity, and in the molar mass distribution of the polybutadiene, with the technical nickel catalyst Ni(O2CR)2/BF3ċOEt2/AlE3 developed by Bridgestone Tire Company thirty years ago. The existence of the C12-allynickel(II) cation [Ni(C12H19)]+ on the AlF3 support could be proved by FAB mass spectroscopic measurements. In agreement with our reaction model for the allyl nickel complex catalyzed butadiene polymerization, it is concluded that the technical nickel catalyst in its effective structure can be described as a polybutadienylnickel(II) complex co-ordinated to a polymeric fluoroaluminate anion via a fluoride bridge.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 204 (1993), S. 127-137 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Water-borne paints have received greater attention. Existing concepts related to suitable binders are polymethacrylate dispersions crosslinkable by autoxidation. Essential synthesis steps of such dispersions and characteristic properties also of adequate coatings are described.Oil fatty acid structure units are enriched in the shell-region of the dispersed particles and the rest of nearly 30% is localized in the water phase as substituent of a water-soluble copolymer.
    Notes: Wäßrige Anstrichsysteme setzen sich in zunehmendem Maße durch. Als eine Entwicklungsvariante für diesbezüglich geeignete Bindemittel kommen autoxidativ vernet zende Polymethacfrylatdispersionen in Betracht. Es werden wesentliche Schritte der Synthese derartiger Dispersionen un dcharakteristische Eigenschaften auchvon Beschichtungen vorgestellt.Die Ölfettsäurestruktureinheiten sind im Schalenbereich der disperigierten Teilchen angereichert, und sie befinden sich außerden zu etwa 30% in der wäßrigen Phase als Substituenten eines löslichen Copolymeren.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 211 (1993), S. 61-77 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: 4-Phenyl-4-(2,3-expoxypropyl)benzoate (I) can be cured to thermoset networks with a different degree of order by using isomeric aminophenyl aminobenzoates II to V as curing agents. The formation of intermediates during the curing reaction was studied by means of model compounds. From the reaction of the monoamino-substituted phenylbenzoates VI to IX the reactivities for the primary and the secondary aminoprotons towards epoxide was determined. The kinetic data were used for a stepwise simulation of the curing reaction. Arguments were found that in case of diamines with 4-aminobenzoate structure well ordered intermediates are formed, which crosslink in an early stage of the reaction.
    Notes: Die Härtung von 4-Phenyl-4-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)benzoat (I) mit den isomeren Aminophenylaminobenzoaten II bis V führt zu unterschiedlich geordneten Epoxidnetzwerken. Die Bildung verschiedener Intemediate während der Härtungsreaktion wurde anhand von Modellverbindungen studiert. Aus der Reaktion der monoamino-substituierten Phenylbenzoate VI bis IX mit Epoxid wurden die Reaktionskostanten für die Addition an das primäre und das sekundäre Wasserstoffatom der Aminogruppen bestimmt. Die kinetischen Daten lassen sich für eine schrittweise Simulation des Härtungsverlaufs verwenden. Es wurden Argumente dafür gefunden, daß sich bei Verwendung der Amine mit 4-Aminobenzoat-Strukturen gut geordnete, schnell vernetzende Intermediate bilden.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 206 (1993), S. 171-191 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The photo-induced, free-radical network formation of silicone acrylates has been investigated in the presence of several photoinitiators containing benzoyl groups. The crosslinking process can be described by means of a free-radical chain process. From calorimetrical measurements it is inferred that oxygen inhibits and terminates the chain propagation process. Both the reaction rate and the inhibition time of the crosslinking are proportional to the air pressure, to the intensity of the incident light, and to the quantum yield of the initiator photolysis.The reaction starts when all oxygen is consumed in the silicone layer. Using Fick's 1st diffusion law it can be show that only oxygen, which diffused into the system, determines the final conversion.Contrary, O2 influences the reaction rate, the inhibition time, and the final conversion. The network density does not depend on the oxygen concentration.The negative influence of oxygen on the reaction rate, on the inhibition time, and on the final conversion can be reduced by means of a high rate of the start reaction which depends on the incident light intensity, light absorption, and the quantum yield of the initiator photolysis.By means of two kinetical methods it is possible to show that any initiator used exhibits a different initiating efficienty; their relative order has been estimated.
    Notes: Die photoinduzierte radikalische Vernetzung von Siliconacrylaten wurde mit verschiedenen Photoinitiatoren vom Benzoyltyp untersucht. Die Photovernetzung derartiger Produkte kann mit Hilfe eines radikalischen Kettenprozesses beschrieben werden. Aus kalorimetrischen Messungen folgt, daß Sauerstoff den Kettenprozeß inhibiert und terminiert, wobei dei Vernetzungsgeschwindigkeit und die Inhibierungszeit Funktionen des Luftdrucks, der Lichtintensität und der Quantenausbeute der Initiatrophotolyse sind.Der Vernetzungsprozeß kann nur beginnen, wenn der Sauerstoff in der Schicht verbraucht ist. Mit Hilfe des 1. Fickschen Diffusionsgesetzes kann gezeigt werden, daß der in das System eindiffundierende Sauerstoff auch den Grenzumsatz bestimmt.Obwohl Sauerstoff in der Schicht die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit, die Inhibierungszeit und den Grenzumsatz bestimmt, wurde jedoch überraschenderweise festgestellt, daß Sauerstoff auf die Netzwerkdiche keinen Einfluß besitzt.Der negative Effekt des Sauerstoffs auf den Vernetzungsprozeß kann durch eine hohe Startgeschwindigkeit (Funktion der Lichtintensität, der Absorption und der Quantenausbeute der Initiatorphotolyse) reduziert werden.Mit Hilfe von zwei kinetischen Methoden wurde ermittelt, daß die Initiierungseffizienzen der verwendeten Initiatoren verschieden sind, wobei relative Abstufungen bestimmt werden konnten.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The influence of lithium tert-butoxide (tBuOLi) and of lithium chloride on the oligomerization of tert-butyl acrylate (tBuA) initiated by tert-butyl α-lithioisobutyrate (tBiB-Li) was investigated. These additives affect both the kinetics and the product distribution. Whereas the addition of LiCl leads to a narrower molecular-weight distribution (MWD) the presence of tBuOLi induces broader MWD's, characterized by a very high fraction of the dimer. Both additives decrease the rates of propagation to different degrees. These effects are discussed on the basis of the formation of aggregates and adducts, the lithiated dimer having a higher tendency to form aggregates than the other oligomers. The stability of the growth centres in this oligomerization is increased in the presence of these additives, tBuOLi exhibiting a much stronger effect than LiCl. The interaction of the lithiated dimer with the additives could not be demonstrated in the IR spectra of these mixtures.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 194 (1993), S. 101-116 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Polyisocyanates (nylon 1) with azochromophores in the side chains were prepared for the first time. For this purpose we have synthesized two new azo dyes containing isocyanato groups. The monomers were copolymerized with alkyl isocyanates to prepare chiral dye-containing polyisocyanates. Optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism measurements support the helical polymer structure with predominantly one twist sense (due to the chiral side chains, P and M helices are diastereomeric). The completely reversible photochemical isomerization (trans to cis) of the azochromophores reaches high conversions (about 80%), but does not change the conformation of the main chain.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The photoinitiated cross-linking of silicone acrylates is studied by FT-IR spectroscopy. The influences of light intensity, exposure time and type of photoinitiator are described. The parameters of the kinetic equation are determined. It is shown that oxygen acts as an inhibitor. The asymmetric C=O stretching IR band of the uncross-linked and cross-linked system can be separated into two bands which are attributed to different conformations and geometric arrangements of the acrylate groups, respectively.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 194 (1993), S. 1469-1481 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: 1,5-Naphthalenediol was alkoxylated with 1-alkyl bromides containing 3-16 C-atoms and then acylated with 4-fluorobenzoyl chloride under Friedel-Crafts conditions in 4- and 8-position of the naphthalene ring. These new difluorides (3a-d) were condensated with hydroquinone, bisphenol-A and 4,4′-biphenyldiol, yielding the corresponding poly(aryl-ether-ketones) 4a-d, 5a-d and 6a-d. The melting points of both the difluorides and the poly(aryl-ether-ketones) decreased with increasing side chain length. The molecular weights of some of the poly(aryl-ether-ketones) were characterized by GPC measurements coupled with viscosity determinations, and they were found to be in the range of M̄n from 10 000 to 19 000. From polymer solutions, solid and mechanically stable films were produced on a glass plate by evaporating the solvents. A perpendicular order of the phenyl ring was calculated by the MMX method.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 24 (1993), S. 397-403 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: High temperature properties of MCrAlY(Ti, Hf) coated steel X 45 CrSi 9 3 at 600 and 700°CWithin the COST-project 501.2 WP6 several plasmasprayed MCrAlY- and Zirkonia-coatings were tested for application in diesel engines as anti corrosion coatings and as thermal barrier coatings respectively. With coated and uncoated specimens of steel X 45 CrSi 9 3, creep tests up to 1700 h at 600 and 700°C were carried out in air and under streaming hot gas simulating diesel engine exhaust gas. Under the hot gas condition a strong sulphur induced corrosion occurred at the nickel- and ironbase alloys. Silicon containing alloys exhibited the best hot gas corrosion resistance. An additional thermal barrier coating increased the corrosion resistance effectively. In all cases the coated specimens exhibited a higher creep strength in comparison to the uncoated specimens. However, no strength decrease due to the hot gas corrosion was observed.
    Notes: Im Rahmen des COST-Vorhabens 501.2 WP6 wurden eine Reihe von plasmagespritzten MCrAlY- und Zirkonoxidschichten auf ihre Eignung als Korrosionsschutz- bzw. Wärmedämmschichten für Dieselmotorventile untersucht. Dazu wurden mit beschichteten und unbeschichteten Proben des Ventilstahls X 45 CrSi 9 3 Zeitstandversuche an Luft und unter strömendem, dieseltypischen Heißgas bei 600 und 700°C durchgeführt, wobei Prüfzeiten bis zu rd. 1700 h erreicht wurden. Unter der Heißgasprüfung kam es bei den Nickel- und Eisenbasiswerkstoffen zu einer starken, durch Schwefel hervorgerufenen Korrosion. Siliziumhaltige Werkstoffe wiesen die höchste Heißgaskorrosionsbeständigkeit auf. Durch eine zusätzliche Wärmedämmschicht konnte das Korrosionsverhalten nachhaltig verbessert werden. Die beschichteten Proben wiesen in allen Fällen eine höhere Festigkeit auf als die unbeschichteten Proben. Es wurde aber in keinem Falle eine heißgaskorrosionsbedingte Festigkeitsabsenkung beobachtet.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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