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  • Humans  (83)
  • Physical Chemistry
  • 1990-1994  (103)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1993  (103)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of the BrO + NO2 association reaction. Temperature and pressure dependence in the falloff regime (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 25 (1993), S. 521-537 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A laser flash photolysis-long path absorption technique has been employed to study the kinetics of the reaction products as a function of temperature (248-346 K), pressure (16-800 torr), and buffer gas identity (N2, CF4). The reaction is found to be in the falloff regime between third and second-order over the entire range of conditions investigated. This is the first study where temperature-dependent measurements of k1(P, T) have been reported at pressures greater than 12 torr; hence, our results help constrain choices of k1(P, T) for use in models of lower stratospheric BrOx chemistry. Approximate falloff parameters in a convenient form for atmospheric modeling are derived. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550250703
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The kinetics of the nitrate radical self-reaction (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 25 (1993), S. 805-817 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This article describes the first direct determination of the rate coefficient for the self-reaction between two NO3 radicals. A laser photolysis technique was used to generate NO3, and time-resolved decays of NO3 were followed after stopping the photolysis. The products of the reaction are inferred to be NO2 and O2. The derived rate coefficient at room temperature for the self-reaction of (2.3 ± 0.8) ×10-16 cm3 molecule-1s-1 is in excellent agreement with the only other data, which were obtained in an indirect study. Consideration is given to the magnitude and influence of secondary chemistry and to the participation of FO in the chemistry of the NO3 buildup phase. The studies were conducted over a pressure range of 8 to 100 torr in helium. No clear pressure dependence was observed, and some tentative inferences are drawn both from this result and from the absolute magnitude of the rate coefficient about the mechanism of the reaction. There is apparently no role for the reaction in the chemistry of the atmosphere. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550251002
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  • 3
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    Clues to the pathogenesis of familial colorectal cancer (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-05-07
    Description: A predisposition to colorectal cancer is shown to be linked to markers on chromosome 2 in some families. Molecular features of "familial" cancers were compared with those of sporadic colon cancers. Neither the familial nor sporadic cancers showed loss of heterozygosity for chromosome 2 markers, and the incidence of mutations in KRAS, P53, and APC was similar in the two groups of tumors. Most of the familial cancers, however, had widespread alterations in short repeated DNA sequences, suggesting that numerous replication errors had occurred during tumor development. Thirteen percent of sporadic cancers had identical abnormalities and these cancers shared biologic properties with the familial cases. These data suggest a mechanism for familial tumorigenesis different from that mediated by classic tumor suppressor genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aaltonen, L A -- Peltomaki, P -- Leach, F S -- Sistonen, P -- Pylkkanen, L -- Mecklin, J P -- Jarvinen, H -- Powell, S M -- Jen, J -- Hamilton, S R -- CA 35494/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 47527/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 7;260(5109):812-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Finland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8484121" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2 ; Colonic Neoplasms/*genetics ; Colorectal Neoplasms/*genetics ; DNA, Satellite/genetics ; Female ; Genetic Markers ; Humans ; Lod Score ; Male ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Rectal Neoplasms/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Genetic mapping of a locus predisposing to human colorectal cancer (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-05-07
    Description: Genetic linkage analysis was used to determine whether a specific chromosomal locus could be implicated in families with a history of early onset cancer but with no other unique features. Close linkage of disease to anonymous microsatellite markers on chromosome 2 was demonstrated in two large kindreds. The pairwise lod scores for linkage to marker D2S123 in these kindreds were 6.39 and 1.45 at zero recombination, and multipoint linkage with flanking markers resulted in lod scores of 6.47 and 6.01. These results prove the existence of a genetically determined predisposition to colorectal cancer that has important ramifications for understanding and preventing this disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peltomaki, P -- Aaltonen, L A -- Sistonen, P -- Pylkkanen, L -- Mecklin, J P -- Jarvinen, H -- Green, J S -- Jass, J R -- Weber, J L -- Leach, F S -- CA 35494/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 47527/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HG 00248/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 7;260(5109):810-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Finland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8484120" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2 ; Colonic Neoplasms/*genetics ; Colorectal Neoplasms/*genetics ; DNA, Satellite/genetics ; Disease Susceptibility ; Female ; *Genes ; Genetic Markers ; Humans ; Male ; Pedigree ; Rectal Neoplasms/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vibrational spectra of C4H7+ isomers in low-temprature antimony pentafluoride matrices (1993)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 6 (1993), S. 427-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The IR spectra of isomeric bicyclobutonium (1), delocalized cyclopropylcarbinyl (2) and 1-methylally (3) cations were recorded at 180 K in SbF5 matrices. Cations 1 and 2 generated from cyclopropylcarbinyl and cyclobutyl chloride, respectively, rearrange to 3 at temperatures above 230 K. The structures 1, 2 and 3 were confirmed by comparison of the recorded frequencies with the MP2/6-31G*-calculated values. These results are in accord with prediction that ions 1 and 2 are rapidly equilibrating non-classical structures.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/poc.610060708
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic study of the electrophilic reaction of trialkyltin chlorides and iodine monochloride (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 25 (1993), S. 107-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetics of the electrophilic substitution of several trialkyltin chlorides by iodine monochloride are presented. Rate constants have been determined at four different temperatures and the activation parameters A, Ea, and ΔS°= are calculated. A mechanism is proposed involving charge-transfer as the driving force for the substitution. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550250206
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics and thermochemistry of the reaction of benzyl radical with O2: Investigations by discharge flow/laser induced fluorescence between 393 and 433 K (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 25 (1993), S. 399-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetics of the reaction of the benzyl radical with molecular oxygen has been studied between 393 and 433 K. The Discharge Flow technique with detection of benzyl radicals by Laser Induced Fluorescence in their visible absorption band has been used. All experiments have been performed at ≈1 torr in helium as the buffer gas. The radical benzyl decay plots are characteristic of the approach to equilibrium between benzyl and benzylperoxy: benzyl + O2 \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \mathbin{\lower.3ex\hbox{$\buildrel\textstyle\longrightarrow\over {\smash{\longleftarrow}\vphantom{_{\vbox to.5ex{\vss}}}}$}} $\end{document} benzylperoxy (k3, k-3). Thanks to a reasonable assumption concerning the standard entropy of the reaction (3) (ΔS298°=-29 cal mol-1 K-1), based on the additivity rules of Benson, the following reaction enthalpy is derived for reaction (3): ΔH298°=(-20 ± 1 kcal mol-1). This latter value is compared with a few enthalpies of other related reactions available in the literature. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550250508
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Cetylpyridinium chloride on the electron transfer reactions of acetophenones with Ce(IV) (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 25 (1993), S. 595-607 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetics of electron transfer reactions between acetophenones with Ce(IV) have been studied in aqueous acetic acid medium in the presence of cationic micelle Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPyCl) at different temperatures. Kinetic data reveal first-order dependence with respect to each of Ce(IV) and acetophenones. The cationic micelle, Cetylpyridinium chloride enhances the oxidation reactions. The catalysis fits to a model developed by Menger and Portnoy as well as Berezin's phase separation model. The binding and partition constants and the transfer free energy from water to micelle have been estimated and discussed, suggesting that the solubilization of both the reactants in the micellar phase, facilitates the oxidation. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550250802
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  • 9
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    Fusion between transcription factor CBF beta/PEBP2 beta and a myosin heavy chain in acute myeloid leukemia (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-08-20
    Description: The pericentric inversion of chromosome 16 [inv(16)(p13q22)] is a characteristic karyotypic abnormality associated with acute myeloid leukemia, most commonly of the M4Eo subtype. The 16p and 16q breakpoints were pinpointed by yeast artificial chromosome and cosmid cloning, and the two genes involved in this inversion were identified. On 16q the inversion occurred near the end of the coding region for CBF beta, also known as PEBP2 beta, a subunit of a heterodimeric transcription factor regulating genes expressed in T cells; on 16p a smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMMHC) gene (MYH11) was interrupted. In six of six inv(16) patient samples tested, an in-frame fusion messenger RNA was demonstrated that connected the first 165 amino acids of CBF beta with the tail region of SMMHC. The repeated coiled coil of SMMHC may result in dimerization of the CBF beta fusion protein, which in turn would lead to alterations in transcriptional regulation and contribute to leukemic transformation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Liu, P -- Tarle, S A -- Hajra, A -- Claxton, D F -- Marlton, P -- Freedman, M -- Siciliano, M J -- Collins, F S -- CA55164/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Aug 20;261(5124):1041-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8351518" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; *Chromosome Inversion ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16 ; Cloning, Molecular ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit ; Core Binding Factor beta Subunit ; Core Binding Factors ; Cosmids ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Muscle, Smooth/chemistry ; Myosins/*genetics ; *Neoplasm Proteins ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Protein Multimerization ; Restriction Mapping ; Transcription Factor AP-2 ; Transcription Factors/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    A mechanism for virilization of female spotted hyenas in utero (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-06-25
    Description: Female spotted hyenas exhibit male-like genitalia and dominance over males. Hyena ovarian tissues incubated in vitro produced large quantities of the steroid hormone precursor androstenedione. The activity of aromatase, which converts androstenedione to estrogen, was one-twentieth as great in hyena versus human placental homogenates. In comparison, the activity of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, which converts androstenedione to testosterone, was equal in the two homogenates. The limited aromatase activity may allow the hyena placenta to convert high circulating concentrations of androstenedione to testosterone, which results in virilization of the fetal external genitalia and possibly destruction of fetal ovarian follicles. Androstenedione production by residual ovarian stromal cells during reproductive life accounts for the epigenetic transmission of virilization in female spotted hyenas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yalcinkaya, T M -- Siiteri, P K -- Vigne, J L -- Licht, P -- Pavgi, S -- Frank, L G -- Glickman, S E -- CA-39825/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- MH-39917/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jun 25;260(5116):1929-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco 94143.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8391165" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases/metabolism ; Animals ; Aromatase/*metabolism ; Carnivora/embryology/*metabolism ; Corpus Luteum/metabolism ; Estradiol/biosynthesis ; Female ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Luteinizing Hormone/pharmacology ; Male ; Ovary/*metabolism ; Placenta/enzymology/*metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone/biosynthesis ; *Sex Differentiation ; Testosterone/*biosynthesis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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