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  • Other Sources  (8)
  • GEOPHYSICS  (5)
  • AEROSPACE MEDICINE  (3)
  • Chemical Engineering
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (8)
  • 1970-1974
  • 1993  (8)
  • 1
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    Human performance and physiological function during a 24-hr exposure to 1 percent bromotrifluoromethane (Halon 1301) (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Performance and physiological measurements were obtained from four pairs of men exposed for 24 hr to 1 percent (10,000 ppm) Halon 1301 (CBrF3) and to air with order counterbalanced using a double-blind protocol. Cognitive and motor performance was assessed before, during, and after the exposures, using seven scales of the Automated Portable Testing System, which produced 13 measures of performance. Halon inhalation induced decrements in 2 of the 13 measures, but actual and estimated magnitudes of the decrements were no greater than 5 percent of baseline values. Physiological data obtained before, during, and after the exposures revealed significant changes during Halon inhalation for 6 of the 52 variables assessed; however, all physiological values remained within clinically acceptable limits. No cardiovascular effects were noted. This study demonstrated that exposure to 1 percent Halon 1301 for 24 hr can produce minor disturbance of central nervous system function as assessed by cognitive tasks.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: Fundamental and Applied Toxicology (ISSN 0272-0590); 20; 2; p. 240-247.
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  • 2
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    Comparison of treatment strategies for space motion sickness (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: Acta Astronautica (ISSN 0094-5765); 29; 8; p. 587-591.
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  • 3
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    Treatment efficacy of intramuscular promethazine for Space Motion Sickness (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Intramuscular promethazine and its efficacy in the treatment of Space Motion Sickness (SMS) were evaluated using standardized questions administered during postflight debriefings to crewmembers immediately after their first Shuttle flight. The comparison showed that 25 percent of crewmembers treated with IM promethazine were 'sick' on flight day 2, compared to 50 percent of crewmembers who did not receive promethazine, 90 percent reported immediate symptom relief as well. Untreated crewmembers typically have slow symptom resolution over 72-96 h, and those treated with oral scopolamine/dextroamphetamine show delayed symptom development. This study suggests that intramuscular promethazine is an effective treatment for SMS and merits continued use and further controlled investigations.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine (ISSN 0095-6562); 64; 3; p. 230-233.
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  • 4
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    Constraining proposed combinations of ice history and Earth rheology using VLBI determined baseline length rates in North America (1993)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: We predict the present-day rates of change of the lengths of 19 North American baselines due to the glacial isostatic adjustment process. Contrary to previously published research, we find that the three dimensional motion of each of the sites defining a baseline, rather than only the radial motions of these sites, needs to be considered to obtain an accurate estimate of the rate of change of the baseline length. Predictions are generated using a suite of Earth models and late Pleistocene ice histories, these include specific combinations of the two which have been proposed in the literature as satisfying a variety of rebound related geophysical observations from the North American region. A number of these published models are shown to predict rates which differ significantly from the VLBI observations.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Measurement and Interpretation of Crustal Deformation Rates Associated with Postglacial Rebound; 4 p
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  • 5
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    Iron and nickel isotopic mass fractionation in deep-sea spherules (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: Magnetite-wuestite spherules collected from deep-sea sediments are thought to have originally been Fe-Ni metal particles at the top of the atmosphere that were oxidized and melted during entry into the earth's atmosphere. Some likely sources for the metal particles are Fe-Ni interplanetary dust particles (IDP's) and metal or sulfide from stony IDP's that separated after melting. Davis et al. reported that four of these spherules are enriched in the heavy isotopes of iron, with enrichments of 8-23%/amu. We have developed a technique for analysis of both iron and nickel isotopes on the same ion microprobe spot and have applied this technique to a number of deep-sea spherules in order to better understand the processes leading to isotopic mass fractionation. Eight spherules show iron and nickel isotopic mass fractionation, with iron and nickel enriched in the heavy isotopes by 10-19%/amu and 4-32%/amu, respectively. If the mass fractionations are due to Rayleigh fractionation during evaporation, these spherules lost 76-94% of their original mass. We have analyzed the four magnetite-wuestite spherules for which iron isotopic data were reported by Davis et al. as well as four new spherules.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Inst., Twenty-fourth Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Part 1: A-F; p 373-374
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  • 6
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    Constraining proposed combinations of ice history and earth rheology using VLBI determined baseline length rates in North America (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: We predict the present-day rates of change of the lengths of 19 North American baselines due to the glacial isostatic adjustment process. Contrary to previously published research, we find that the three-dimensional motion of each of the sites defining a baseline, rather than only the radial motions of these sites, needs to be considered to obtain an accurate estimate of the rate of change of the baseline length. Predictions are generated using a suite of Earth models and late Pleistocene ice histories; these include specific combinations of the two which have been proposed in the literature as satisfying a variety of rebound related geophysical observations from the North American region. A number of these published models are shown to predict rates which differ significantly from the Very Long Base Interferometry (VLBI) observations.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 20; 21; p. 2387-2390
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  • 7
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    Measurement and interpretation of crustal deformation rates associated with postglacial rebound (1993)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This project involves obtaining Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements in Scandinavia, and using the measurements to estimate the viscosity profile of the Earth's mantle and to correct tide-gage measurements for the rebound effect. Several aspects of this project are reported.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-192245 , NAS 1.26:192245
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  • 8
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    Measurement and Interpretation of Crustal Deformation Rates Associated with Postglacial Rebound (1993)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This project involves obtaining GPS measurements in Scandinavia, and using the measurements to estimate the viscosity profile of the Earth's mantle and to correct tide-gauge measurements for the rebound effect. Below, we report on several aspects of this project. The DSGS was occupied in August 1993. This campaign also inaugurated SWEPOS, the Swedish permanent GPS network. Initial results are presented in Johansson et al., a copy of which is contained in Appendix A. An important technical advance we intend for this project is to use the full three dimensional site velocity information for inferring geophysical parameters. To this end, we have investigated using VLBI determined baseline length rates in North America to constraining proposed combinations of ice history and earth rheology, and presented this work in Mitrovica et al., a copy of which is contained in Appendix B.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-195193 , NAS 1.26:195193
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