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  • Engineering General  (49)
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • 2010-2014
  • 1990-1994  (55)
  • 1993  (55)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elastic-viscoplastic differential equations on a manifold modelling of in-plane stretching of sheet metal (1993)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 36 (1993), S. 3617-3627 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The computational method for large deformation plasticity called differential equations on a manifold (DEM) has previously been shown to be effective for axisymmetric and plane strain sheet metal forming problems. The method has now been formulated for in-plane stretching problems, incorporated into a computer code, and applied to several problems. The code's performance is robust and accurate, as evidenced by a comparison with other published results. Incorporation of an automatic mesh generator significantly reduces data preparation time.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620362104
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  • 2
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    The prevention of thymic lymphomas in transgenic mice by human O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-01-08
    Description: Nitrosoureas form O6-alkylguanine-DNA adducts that are converted to G to A transitions, the mutation found in the activated ras oncogenes of nitrosourea-induced mouse lymphomas and rat mammary tumors. These adducts are removed by the DNA repair protein O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase. Transgenic mice that express the human homolog of this protein in the thymus were found to be protected from developing thymic lymphomas after exposure to N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. Thus, transgenic expression of a single human DNA repair gene is sufficient to block chemical carcinogenesis. The transduction of DNA repair genes in vivo may unravel mechanisms of carcinogenesis and provide therapeutic protection from known carcinogens.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dumenco, L L -- Allay, E -- Norton, K -- Gerson, S L -- P01CA51183/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30CA43703/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01ES06288/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 8;259(5092):219-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, University Hospitals of Cleveland, OH.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8421782" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *DNA Repair/genetics ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Lymphoma, T-Cell/chemically induced/*prevention & control ; Methylnitrosourea ; Methyltransferases/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase ; RNA, Messenger/analysis ; Thymus Neoplasms/chemically induced/*prevention & control
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Error study on numerical approximation of radiation boundary condition for one-dimensional wave equation (1993)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1993), S. 475-482 
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-8299
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The radiation boundary condition is frequently used at the artificial outflow boundary created in the numerical computation of fluid flow problems to allow outgoing waves to leave the domain undisturbed. However, the numerical approximation of the radiation boundary condition will produce errors which will affect the interior solution. In this work the errors due to two different numerical approximations of the radiation boundary condition are studied, with the one-dimensional wave equation being used as the model equation. A theoretical analysis shows that: (a) if the numerical approximation of the boundary condition generates a celerity error, a reflected wave with amplitude proportional to the size of the celerity error is produced; (b) if the numerical approximation of the boundary condition generates a numerical diffusion and hence an amplitude damping error, a reflected wave with amplitude proportional to the magnitude of the numerical diffusion is produced. A modification of the Sommerfeld radiation boundary condition to account for the linear bottom friction effect is investigated. Numerical experiments show that the use of the backward characteristics scheme with quadratic interpolation is able to reduce significantly the reflection of the wave at the outflow boundary and that the scheme is unconditionally stable.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1640090604
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Appropriate boundary conditions for FE-modelled elastic half-plane (1993)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1993), S. 497-501 
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-8299
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The completely adhesive contact between an FE-modelled orthotropic half-plane and a vertically loaded rigid flat punch is studied. Interface normal and shear-stress distributions between the punch and half-plane are FE-calculated and compared for some sets of half-plane boundary conditions frequently used in the literature for contact problems with friction. These results are compared with analytical solutions, and appropriate half-plane boundary conditions are recommended for frictional contact problems.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1640090607
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple local error estimator and an adaptive time-stepping procedure for direct integration method in dynamic analysis (1993)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1993), S. 273-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-8299
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A simple a posteriori local error estimator for time discretization in structural dynamic analysis is presented. It is derived from the difference of the solutions between an ordinary integration method (the Newmark scheme) and another higher-order one which assumes that the derivatives of accelerations vary linearly within each time step. It may be obtained directly without resolving new equations, so the additional computational cost is small and the implementation is convenient. Furthermore, it is shown that this error estimator may also be obtained by Taylor expansion or by a post-processing technique. Accordingly, an adaptive time-stepping procedure, which automatically adjusts the time-step size so that the local error at each time step is within a prescribed accuracy, is described. Numerical examples, including two single-DOF problems, a two-DOF problem and a multi-DOF model, are presented. The results show that the presented local error estimator is simple, reliable and accurate.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1640090402
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effectivity of the Zienkiewicz-Zhu error estimate and two 2D adaptive mesh generators (1993)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1993), S. 687-699 
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-8299
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The paper reports some numerical experiments on the effectivity of the Zienkiewicz-Zhu error estimate (1987) and comparisons of two adaptive mesh generators: ADMESH, developed by Jin and Wiberg (1990) and MAD2D by Peraire et al. (1987) and Zhu et al. (1990-91). From the experiments we observe that: (1) without any empirical correction, the effectivity of the error estimate for linear triangular elements is good if post-processed continuous stresses are obtained by adequately using an iterative stress recovery procedure (Zienkiewicz et al., 1985), and is also acceptable by using a simple ‘averaging’ procedure; (2) these two mesh generators are basically comparable.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1640090808
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analytic evaluation of singular boundary integrals without CPV (1993)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1993), S. 909-915 
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-8299
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Boundary integral equations are generally derived by employing a Cauchy Principal Value definition for the singular integral involving the derivative of the Green function. As a consequence, evaluation of this integral requires special attention, and computing the associated ‘solid angle coefficient’ can often pose difficulties. As discussed herein, these problems can be avoided by defining the integral directly, in terms of a limit to the boundary. This approach leads to a straightforward evaluation procedure.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1640091107
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New assumed natural strain formulation of the shallow shell element (1993)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1993), S. 989-1004 
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-8299
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A new efficient formulation of the 36 degree-of-freedom conforming shallow shell element of an arbitrary triangular shape is presented. This formulation is based on natural co-ordinates and independently assumed natural strain fields, and applied to shallow shell analysis. The 3-node element incorporates the normal displacement and its first and second derivatives plus the tangential displacements and their first derivatives at each vertex. A closed form of the element stiffness matrix is achieved. The form of the stiffness matrix derived in this formulation explicitly reveals the essence of the shallow shell theory.The presented approach results in avoiding definite integrals and matrix inversions, and permits operation with lower-order numerical matrices, which are the same for all elements. The example applications presented demonstrate that accurate predictions of stresses as well as displacements are obtained with only a few elements.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1640091206
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A boundary-element method for the solution of a class of time-dependent problems for inhomogeneous media (1993)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1993), S. 111-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-8299
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A boundary-element method is derived for determining the anti-plane displacement and stress in an inhomogeneous elastic material subjected to a time-dependent load.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1640090204
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the accuracy of time-stepping schemes for dynamic problems with negative stiffness (1993)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1993), S. 131-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-8299
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper examines the behaviour of various time-stepping schemes used in structural dynamic analysis when applied to models with negative stiffness. It is found that under such circumstances the accuracy of the numerical solution is greatly affected by the choice of integration parameters of the scheme. Optimal parameters for the Newmark family and the SS32 family have been investigated.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1640090206
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