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  • Column liquid chromatography  (17)
  • Hymenoptera  (7)
  • Springer  (24)
  • American Chemical Society
  • American Institute of Physics
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • Oxford University Press
  • Wiley
  • 2020-2022
  • 1990-1994  (24)
  • 1993  (24)
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  • Springer  (24)
  • American Chemical Society
  • American Institute of Physics
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • Nature Publishing Group
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Years
  • 2020-2022
  • 1990-1994  (24)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 35 (1993), S. 295-301 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Used column packings ; Particle size distribution ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Column age
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Particle size distribution analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were carried out on eight used HPLC columns containing either irregular silica based, spherical silica based or spherical polymer based packing material. Particle size distributions of the used irregular silica based columns were at least bimodat at the outlet ends and either biomodal or log-normal at the inlet ends with regular progressions between the two extremes through the column. A new ODS-3 column showed log-normal size distributions from the inlet to the outlet ends. Spherical silica based column particle size distributions showed distinct shoulders on large central distribution peaks in most column sections with various degrees of shoulder erosion. The spherical resin based column showed a broader inlet particle size distribution progressing to a very narrow outlet distribution. SEMs of both irregular and spherical silica based columns revealed a larger number of undersized particles and debris at the outlet than inlet ends which could have resulted from stationary phase degradation, since this was not seen in the new ODS-3 column. While several SEMs of the spherical silica based columns revealed hollow spheres and twins, the spherical resin based column packing showed stress fractures or wrinkle lines resulting from use or dehydration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 68 (1993), S. 219-229 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Hymenoptera ; Aphidiidae ; Homoptera ; Aphididae ; Schizaphis graminum ; wheat ; tritrophic interactions ; learning ; host-habitat location
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of experience on the responsiveness of the aphidiid parasitoidLysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) to host-associated cues was investigated using a wind-tunnel bioassay. Naive females were able to discriminate between uninfested wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and wheat infested withSchizaphis gramimum (Rondani) (Homoptera: Aphididae), but oviposition experience significantly increased the parasitoid's propensity to respond to aphid-infested plants with upwind, targeted flight. The behavioural change associated with such experience was acquired rapidly (within five minutes) and persisted for at least 24 h. The parasitoid could be successfully conditioned to associate a novel odour with the presence of hosts, suggesting that the increase in response to aphid-infested plants which occurs as a result of experience is probably due to associative learning of olfactory cues from the plant-aphid complex.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: Hymenoptera ; Leptopilina ; Drosophila ; semiochemicals ; kairomones ; parasitoid ; generalist ; specialist ; foraging behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Foraging parasitoids are thought to need more specific information than generalists on the presence, identity, availability, and suitability of their insect host species. In the present paper, we compare responses to host kairomones by two phylogenetically related parasitoid species that attack Drosophilidae and that differ in the width of their host range. As predicted, the behavioral response of the parasitoids to host kairomones reflected their difference in host range. The response of the specialist parasitoid Leptopilina boulardiwas restricted to contact kairomones from its natural hosts and one closely related species. In contrast, the generalist parasitoid Leptopilina heterotomaresponded to contact kairomones of a variety of Drosophilidae species.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chemoecology 4 (1993), S. 125-144 
    ISSN: 1423-0445
    Keywords: pheromones ; exocrine glands ; behaviour ; trail pheromone ; Dufour gland ; poison gland ; pygidial gland ; chemotaxonomy ; Hymenoptera ; Formicidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Chemical communication plays a very important role in the lives of many social insects. Several different types of pheromones (species-specific chemical messengers) of ants have been described, particularly those involved in recruitment, recognition, territorial and alarm behaviours. Properties of pheromones include activity in minute quantities (thus requiring sensitive methods for chemical analysis) and specificity (which can have chemotaxonomic uses). Ants produce pheromones in various exocrine glands, such as the Dufour, poison, pygidial and mandibular glands. A wide range of substances have been identified from these glands.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Nest recognition ; landmark orientation ; Trigona (Tetragonisca) angustula ; stingless bees ; Hymenoptera
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We displaced a small nest box containing stingless bees (Trigona (Tetragonisca)angustula) over distances of up to 1.6 meters in different directions and counted the numbers of returning foragers to measure the effects of this manipulation on the homing ability of bees. Bees find it hard to locate the nest box when it was displaced more than about 1 m backwards, forwards or sideways relative to the direction into which the nest entrance pointed. They do not find the nest when its height above ground is changed. The bees use landmarks in the vicinity of the nest to locate it: When the nest box is displaced and landmark positions are changed so that their angular position at the new nest site is the same as at the normal nest position their homing ability is less impaired than it is without changes in landmark positions. Our results show that the bees do not use the nest box itself as a landmark until they have approached the nest position to within about 1 meter with the aid of surrounding landmarks.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Fullerenes ; FullereneSep® ; Separation factor ; HPLC-particle beam mass spectrometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary High-performance liquid chromatographic separation of fullerene mixtures in the range C60 to C100 can be achieved using a novel stationary phase which rivals the performance of the more expensive ‘Pirkle-type’ columns currently employed.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Glutamine ; Pyroglutamic acid ; Amino acids formulations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The aminoacid glutamine in aqueous solution and in conditions of high temperature and long term storage is partly transformed into pyroglutamic acid which exhibits potential neurotoxic effects. Commercially available aminoacid mixtures supplemented with glutamine are heat-sterilized and some losses of glutamine and formation of pyroglutamic acid may occur. The aim of the work was to set up an easy and reliable HPLC method which allows the determination of pyroglutamic acid as a degradation product of glutamine. The column was a 5 μm Hypersil ODS (100×4.6 mm) and the mobile phase 100% 0.007 M phosphate buffer pH 3.5. Stability studies in different conditions of temperature and time of storage were performed on aminoacid mixture available in the commerce.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Immunoaffinity chromatography ; Proteins ; Surface plasmon resonance detection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The BIAcoreTM Biosensor System utilizes a detection principle known as Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) which, in simple terms, detects changes in the refractive index of a solution in contact with a gold film. The gold film is surface modified with carboxymethylated dextran to produce a hydrophillic matrix onto which macromolecules may be covalently immobilized. In this respect, the BIAcoreTM is similar to any other insoluble matrix, such as a chromatographic support. The SPR detection principle, however, allows one to directly ‘visualize’ the interaction under study, in real time and without the need for reporter molecules such as enzyme-labels. In addition, the very small sample requirements, automated robotics unit and ease of data analysis suggest the potential use of the BIAcoreTM instrumentation for assay development and possibly process development, especially where bio-specific interactions such as immunoaffinity chromatography are used as a step in the process. In this report, we demonstrate the use of the BIAcoreTM SPR detector for the micro-scale determination of conditions for immunoaffinity chromatography of soluble complementreceptor 1, sCR1.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 35 (1993), S. 55-60 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Carbohydrates ; Ion-pair separation ; Glycoconjugates ; PRP-1 and PLRP-S
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new technique for the separation of carbohydrates as ion-pairs in strongly alkaline solution is presented. Carbohydrates are weakly acidic and partly present as anions at pH≥12 [1]. They are retained as ion-pairs on polymeric solid phases (PRP-1 and PLRP-S) with a hydrophobic quaternary ammonium counter ion present in the mobile phase. The effects of nature and concentration of mobile phase components on the retention of carbohydrates have been investigated and an ion-pair distribution model is proposed. The influence of temperature indicated no changes in retention mechanism with high counter ion concentration, but the resolution decreased with increasing temperature. Saccharides added to the mobile phase were shown to increase the retention and the selectivity.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; 18 β-glycyrrhetinic acid ; Glycyrrhizinic acid ; Toothpastes ; Solid phase extraction (SPE)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary HPLC methods suitable for the selective and sensitive determination of 18 β-Glycyrrhetinic acid (GT) and Glycyrrhizinic acid (GZ) in toothpastes have been developed. The methods involve a preliminary quantitative solid phase extraction (C-18 sorbent) for sample clean-up and analyte concentration. Chromatographic separations were performed on reversed phase (C-8; C-18) columns using mixtures of methanol and phosphate buffers (pH 3.0) as the mobile phase under isocratic or gradient elution conditions. The method were applied successfully to the analysis of commercial toothpastes containing low levels (0.013–0.065%) of GT and GZ.
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