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  • Chemistry  (35)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (20)
  • Engineering General  (4)
  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (2)
  • 1990-1994  (41)
  • 1994  (22)
  • 1993  (19)
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  • 1990-1994  (41)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of lectin activity on western blots using erythrocytes (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 15 (1994), S. 907-910 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method is described for the direct detection of lectins, agglutinating erythrocytes, on nitrocellulose membranes after Western blotting, thus avoiding protein extraction from specific bands in the gel, followed by agglutination assays. The methodology essentially involves exposing the lectin band on a nitrocellulose strip to trypsinized rabbit erythrocytes (2%, in 0.15 M NaCl) for 30 min at 37°C and then carefully transferring the membrane to saline (4°C) for a few gentle washes and then fixing it in a solution (0.2% glutaraldehyde in 0.15 M NaCl) for 30 min. Later, the membrane is gently washed several times in 0.15 M NaCl containing 10 mM β-alanine. The lectin band is visualized as a red agglutinated patch. The method is specific for lectins that can agglutinate red blood cells and virtually has no cross reactivity with the various nonlectin proteins tested. Binding of erythrocytes to the lectin band on the nitrocellulose strip can be prevented by specific competing sugars. The method can be applied to screen for the presence of lectins in natural materials and to monitor lectin fractions during purification.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.11501501130
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of uniform poly(aspartic acids) (1993)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 194 (1993), S. 1095-1104 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Poly(aspartic acids) of different chain lengths (11, 14, 18, 24, 30, 52, 58, ≈ 115) were prepared, for the use in aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity inhibition studies, some in their pure L- or D-configuration and in pure α-linkage form by the polymerization of α-amino acid N-carboxyanhydride (NCA) derivatives with a variety of dialkyl aspartate molecules as primary amine initiators. The primary amine chosen served as an internal reference in the 1H NMR spectrum for the estimation of the degree of polymerization (chain length) in these molecules. Poly(aspartic acids) with varying amounts of D and L asymmetric centres and in pure α-linkage from were also prepared. Poly[(α-co-β)(L-co-D) aspartic acid] was prepared by a simplified thermal polymerization procedure for biological studies and also to study the tacticity effects in its 13C NMR spectrum. A qualitative correlation was demonstrated between the retention times from gel-permeation chromatographic analysis and the 1H NMR method used to estimate the polymer chain length.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1993.021940405
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of nonlinear bisphenol A units on the liquid crystalline properties of poly(2-phenylhydroquinone terephthalate) (1993)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 283-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: liquid crystalline polymers ; liquid crystalline polyesters ; bisphenol A copolymers ; thermotropic copolyesters ; phenylhydroquinone copolyesters ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1993.080310134
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Catalytic and interfacial aspects of enzymatic polymer synthesis in reversed micellar systems (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 41 (1993), S. 531-540 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: horseradish peroxidase ; reversed micelles ; phenolic polymers ; enzyme kinetics ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The enzyme horseradish peroxidase, when encapsulated in reversed micelles, is capable of catalyzing the synthesis of phenolic and aromatic amine polymers. The synthesis of polyethylphenol is specifically considered in this article and is found to be extremely feasible in the micellar system. Polymer chain growth can be controlled to some degree by manipulating the ability of the solvent to sustain chain solubility; this is effectively done by adjusting the surfactant concentration. This results in a degree of control of polymer molecular weight. The synthesized polymer drops out of solution and can be easily recovered. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260410505
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sorption and precipitation of metals in activated sludge (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 43 (1994), S. 874-880 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: sludge ; sorption ; precipitation ; metals ; adsorption ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A conceptual model describing the relative roles of sorption and precipitation processes for metals in solid-solution suspensions is presented. The model performance is demonstrated using experimental data on sorption and precipitation of metals in samples of activated sludge mixed liquor. Based on the experimental results presented here, it appears that, at total metal and mixed liquor suspended solids concentrations and pH values generally encountered in full-scale municipal (or combined municipal/industrial) activated sludge systems, metals are primarily removed by sorption processes.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260430906
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolic monitoring by using the rate of change of NAD(P)H fluorescene (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 44 (1994), S. 453-459 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: NAD(P)H fluorescene ; on-line monitoring ; amino acid fermentation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The amino acid fermentation by Corynebacterium glutamicum was monitored with an new technique that uses the first derivative of the NAD(P)H fluorescene signal. The rate of change of NAD(P)H pools is indicative of intracellular redox balance variations that correspond to metabolic changes. The profile of this signal showed several characteristics that coincided with major metabolic events during fermentation. We show here that the derivative fluorescence signal can accurately estimate points of threonine depletion, viable cell count, and the end of amino acid formation. Furthermore, on-line optimization strategies can be developed by using the derivative fluorescene signal. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260440408
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of energy distribution on sorption kinetics in bidispersed particles (1993)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 39 (1993), S. 249-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In this article, we present a model to describe sorption kinetics of gaseous adsorbates onto bidispersed heterogeneous microporous particles. This model describes adsorption and desorption of gaseous adsorbates with allowance for the energy distribution of adsorption site for both equilibrium isotherm and diffusion of the adsorbed species. The adsorbed species of all energy level diffuse in two directions inside the particle. One direction is the direction along the particle coordinate while the other is the direction perpendicular to the particle coordinate (that is, the direction into the grain of the solid). This model is more fundamental than models previously proposed by Do and coworkers. Effects of energy distribution on the adsorption and desorption dynamics are investigated. Extensive experimental analysis of adsorption and desorption dynamics of ethane and propane onto Ajax activated carbon are carried out to validate this theory.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690390207
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parametric study on the bulk hydraircooling of spherical food products (1993)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 39 (1993), S. 1870-1884 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A numerical study of the bulk hydraircooling of spherical food products is performed using the technique of spraying chilled water to form a thin film over the food products while blowing cold unsaturated air in the countercurrent or cocurrent direction. This precooling process is found to combine the advantages of hydro-and air cooling.Governing equations describing the simultaneous heat and mass transfer occurring in the hydraircooling process for both counterflow and parallel-flow arrangements are solved using finite-difference numerical methods. A parametric study is performed to determine the effect of important processing parameters on the process time. It is generally observed that higher quantities of spray water, air-mass flow rate and product thermal conductivity, as well as lower values of water temperature will result in faster rates of cooling. For the same operating conditions, parallel-flow arrangement leads to higher plant capacities.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690391114
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase fluorometric sterilizable optical oxygen sensor (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 43 (1994), S. 1139-1145 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: fluorescence lifetime ; phase modulation fluorometry ; dissolved oxygen tension ; oxygen measurement ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: We report here on a low-cost, optical oxygen sensor as an attractive alternative to the widely used amperometric Clark-type oxygen electrode for measuring dissolved oxygen tensions in cell cultures and bioreactor. Our sensor is based on the defferential quenching of the fluorescence lifetime of chromophore in response to the partial pressure of oxygen. This is measured as a phase shift in fluorescence emission from the chromophore due to oxygen quenching when excited by an intensity modulated beam of light. In this article we demonstrate the advantages of lifetime-based optical methods over both intensity based optical methods and amperometric electrodes. Our sensor is particularly suitable for measuring dissolved oxygen in bioreactors. It is autoclavable, is free of maintenance requirements, and solvents the problems of long-term stability, calibration drifts, and reliable measurement of low oxygen tensions in dense microbial cultures that limit the utility of Clark-type elcectordes. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260431119
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A general method of designing gas and gas-liquid injectors using laws of turbulent jet mixingPaper presented at the “Jahrestreffen der Verfahrens-Ingenieure”, Cologne, 25-27 Sept. 1991. (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemical Engineering & Technology - CET 16 (1993), S. 94-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0930-7516
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Based on the equation for entrainment of a turbulent free jet, a simple method of designing gas and gas-liquid injectors is presented. Using the formula for mass flow ratio of an injector consisting of a nozzle and a short cylindrical mixing tube open at both ends, a general equation for designing any injector with variable geometry and flow resistances is given. The optimization procedure is outlined. Compared to the conventional design of injectors, starting from macroscopic mass and momentum balances, the present method is much simpler, easily applicable and involves only one empirical entrainment coefficient. It is particularly advantageous in the case of variable density of the motive and entrained fluids since the density ratio appears explicitly in the relevant equations.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.270160205
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