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  • Articles  (27)
  • Springer  (23)
  • American Physical Society  (3)
  • American Geophysical Union  (1)
  • American Meteorological Society (AMS)
  • Canadian Science Publishing
  • Paleontological Society
  • 1995-1999  (13)
  • 1990-1994  (14)
  • 1999  (13)
  • 1992  (14)
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  • Articles  (27)
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  • 1995-1999  (13)
  • 1990-1994  (14)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectroscopic properties of dissolved humic substances - a reflection of land use history in a fen area (1999)
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 47 (1999), S. 219-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: dissolved humic substances ; FTIR spectroscopy ; land use history ; peat ; synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy ; UV/VIS spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The elemental composition and spectroscopic properties of dissolved fulvic acids isolated from different sampling media (topsoil, ground and surface water) of a natural fen area (high portion of organic soils) were examined to reveal the effects of land use history. These effects need to be known if dissolved humic substances are to be a major factor in identifying the impact of present and future changes in land use. Dissolved fulvic acids (topsoil, groundwater) from highly degraded peatlands (due to a long-term agricultural use) exhibit lower C/N ratios, higher absorption in the UV spectra, and higher absorption at 1,620 cm−1 in the FTIR spectra compared with fulvic acids from relatively intact peatlands. These properties illustrate that long-term agricultural use with high inputs results in increased aromatic structures and a further humification of dissolved fulvic acids due to very strong peat decomposition compared with relatively intact peatlands. Synchronous fluorescence spectra also indicate the higher level of aromatic structures within fulvic acids isolated from sites with long-term agricultural use (high peat decomposition) compared with a land use history resulting in a lower peat decomposition. The different sources of fulvic acids in surface water (precipitation, runoff, interflow, groundwater) are the main reason for these effects not being detected in fulvic acids isolated from surface water. Short-term changes in land use characterized by a transition from crop farming to an unimproved grassland were found not to affect the spectroscopic properties of dissolved fulvic acids. A humification index deduced from the synchronous fluorescence spectra is proposed. We have strong evidence that dissolved humic substances indicate changes in the environmental conditions (both anthropogenic and natural) of wetlands with a high proportion of organic soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006134214244
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectroscopic properties of dissolved humic substances — a reflection of land use history in a fen area (1999)
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 47 (1999), S. 219-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: dissolved humic substances ; FTIR spectroscopy ; land use history ; peat ; synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy ; UV/VIS spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The elemental composition and spectroscopic properties of dissolved fulvic acids isolated from different sampling media (topsoil, ground and surface water) of a natural fen area (high portion of organic soils) were examined to reveal the effects of land use history. These effects need to be known if dissolved humic substances are to be a major factor in identifying the impact of present and future changes in land use. Dissolved fulvic acids (topsoil, groundwater) from highly degraded peatlands (due to a long-term agricultural use) exhibit lower C/N ratios, higher absorption in the UV spectra, and higher absorption at 1,620 cm−1 in the FTIR spectra compared with fulvic acids from relatively intact peatlands. These properties illustrate that long-term agricultural use with high inputs results in increased aromatic structures and a further humification of dissolved fulvic acids due to very strong peat decomposition compared with relatively intact peatlands. Synchronous fluorescence spectra also indicate the higher level of aromatic structures within fulvic acids isolated from sites with long-term agricultural use (high peat decomposition) compared with a land use history resulting in a lower peat decomposition. The different sources of fulvic acids in surface water (precipitation, runoff, interflow, groundwater) are the main reason for these effects not being detected in fulvic acids isolated from surface water. Short-term changes in land use characterized by a transition from crop farming to an unimproved grassland were found not to affect the spectroscopic properties of dissolved fulvic acids. A humification index deduced from the synchronous fluorescence spectra is proposed. We have strong evidence that dissolved humic substances indicate changes in the environmental conditions (both anthropogenic and natural) of wetlands with a high proportion of organic soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00994924
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  • 3
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    Spectroscopic properties of dissolved humic substances ? a reflection of land use history in a fen area (1999)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0168-2563
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-515X
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bruterfolg, Siedlungsdichte und Raumnutzung der Elster (Pica pica) in unterschiedlichen Habitaten (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of ornithology 133 (1992), S. 389-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0361
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The influence of several factors on breeding success, nesting behaviour, density and selection of nesting sites was investigated on a study plot of 128 km2 in northeastern Bavaria (Bayreuth, Oberfranken). The position to human settlement is the most important factor: Magpies within settlements showed a higher breeding success and density than outside (Tab. 5); the habitat (rural, urban, outskirts) was less important. Potential predators (GoshawkAccipiter gentilis, Carrion CrowCorvus corone corone) had no effect, Probably because of its low densities. The relation to colonies of the Fieldfare (Turdus pilaris) is interpreted as a common use of grassland as feeding site during the breeding season (Tab. 5). Magpies seem to avoid the vicinity of forests (Tab. 4). The altitude had only a slight effect on breeding success and nesting behaviour. Among several factors which refer to the nesting site (tree type, height, exposition, period of leaf break, nest type) only the nest age had a clear (positive) effect on breeding success. Magpies preferred higher trees for nest-building (Tab. 4). The influence of other factors (density of nest sites, hunting, character of trees) and the relation between the different factors are discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Auf einer Fläche von 128 km2 im Raum Rayreuth (Oberfranken) wurde der Einfluß verschiedener Faktoren auf Bruterfolg, Nestbau, Siedlungsdichte und Nistplatzwahl der Elster durch multivariable statistische Methoden geprüft. Größte Bedeutung kam der Lage zur Siedlung zu: Elstern innerhalb von Siedlungen hatten einen vergleichsweise höheren Bruterfolg und eine höhere Siedlungsdichte. Das Habitat (Stadt, Stadtrand, Land) spielte demgegenüber eine geringere Rolle. Ein Einfluß potentieller Feinde (Rabenkrähe, Habicht) war (vermutlich wegen zu geringer Dichte) nicht erkennbar. Die mögliche Beziehung zur Wacholderdrossel wird als gemeinsame Nutzung von Grünland als wichtigste Nahrungsquelle diskutiert. Waldrandnahe Standorte wurden gemieden. Die Höhenlage hatte nur einen geringen Einfluß auf Bruterfolg und Nestbauverhalten. Von verschiedenen das Nest betreffenden Parametern (Baumtyp, Baumhöhe, Exposition, Blattaustrieb, Nestausbau, Nestalter) hatte nur das Nestalter einen deutlichen positiven Effekt auf den Bruterfolg. Bei der Wahl eines Nistplatzes war die Baumhöhe die einzig erkennbare wichtige Größe: Elstern nutzten höhere Bäume als dem durchschnittlichen Angebot entsprach. Die Bedeutung anderer Faktoren (Nistplatzangebot, Jagd) und die Beziehung zwischen den verschiedenen Parametern wird diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01640467
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of Precipitates in Ti-Stabilized Steels with Low-Energy Electron-Induced X-Ray Spectrometry and Scanning Electron Microscopy (1999)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 131 (1999), S. 191-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: Keywords. Ti-stabilized steels; soft-X-ray spectrometry; LEEIXS ; XRF ; SEM.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  Various kinds of precipitates can influence the mechanical properties of Ti-stabilized steels. The qualitative composition of the Ti inclusions can be characterized microscopically, whereas for quantitative information to be obtained time-consuming selective dissolution must be used. The present study aims at chemical speciation of the isolated precipitates as a solid phase with the help of soft-X-ray spectrometry. Whether the method is capable of giving both qualitative and quantitative information on the composition of Ti-mixtures is discussed. The precipitates in Ti-stabilized steels are investigated after chemical dissolution of the steel matrix with a bromine/methanol mixture (1:10). By combination of soft-X-ray spectrometry with X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) both qualitative and quantitative characterization of the precipitates can be performed. They were found to consist mainly of TiC and TiN.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00010033
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small angle neutron scattering from oxygen precipitates in silicon (1992)
    Springer
    Applied physics 54 (1992), S. 19-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 61.12Dw ; 72.10 ; 78.50G
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The formation of silicon oxide precipitates from Czochralski grown silicon depends on the time and temperature of the heat treatment as well as on the initial content of interstitially dissolved oxygen. Samples containing between 5×1017 Oi/cm3 and 13×1017 Oi/cm3 have been heated at 750° C for 96 h. SiO2 precipitates of various shape and size have been obtained and investigated by means of small angle neutron scattering (SANS) in the Q-range 0.05 Å−1〈Q〈0.2 Å−1. The obtained SANS patterns reveal a typical anisotropy of their intensity distribution, which splits into a central peak at Q〈0.1 Å−1 due to the shape of the individual particles and a number of weak intensities for large Q-values, originating from a correlation between defects, possibly between the precipitates. While these correlation peaks in the SANS patterns are seen best for rather low values of about (5–7)×1017 Oi/cm3 oxygen content, the central peak anisotropy is most pronounced for higher values of ca 10×1017 Oi/cm3. The integrated intensity of the central peak increases with increasing initial oxygen content. For comparison, untreated samples of the same initial oxygen content do not reveal any anisotropic SAN scattering or a broadened central peak beam.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00348123
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of groundwater humic and fulvic acids of different origin by GPC with UV/Vis and fluorescence detection (1999)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 364 (1999), S. 737-745 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) was applied for recognizing the origin of groundwater humic and fulvic acids. GPC was performed with Fraktogel TSK HW-50 in 0.1 M NaCl, pH 8.5 (0.05 M phosphate buffer), 1 mM EDTA, with 10% by volume methanol added. Humic substances from groundwaters and sediments of four different aquifer systems in Germany were isolated, purified and characterized. Both UV/Vis and fluorescence detection were applied. UV/Vis detection was found to be more powerful in identifying differences between the various humic and fulvic acids. The four aquifer systems investigated (“Gorleben”, “Fuhrberg”, “Franconian Albvorland” and “Munich”) differed from one another with respect to hydrological and geochemical conditions. The results showed that the GPC-elution behavior reflects the geochemical environment and origin (source material and generation process) of aquatic humic and fulvic acids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051424
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The limit of detection in differential scanning calorimetry (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 38 (1992), S. 277-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: DSC ; limit of detection ; polymorphic transitions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Anhand von sehr kleinen Signalen von spontanen polymorphen übergängen bei CsCl, K2Cr2O7 und Na2SO4 wird ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Nachweisgrenze von DSC-Geräten beschrieben. Es wird gezeigt, wie derartige Signale gut aufgelöst in DSC-Diagrammen von Pulverproben erhalten werden können. Um sie vom Rauschen der Basislinie zu unterscheiden, sollten sie eine Höhe von mindestens dem Doppelten der Basislinienbreite aufweisen. Für das angewendete Gerät beträgt die entsprechende geringste Wärmemenge, d.h. die Nachweisgrenze 0.1 mJ.
    Notes: Abstract A procedure is described to determine the limit of detection of DSC instruments by using tiny signals from spontaneous polymorphic transitions of CsCl, K2Cr2O7 and Na2SO4. It is shown how such signals can be found well-resolved in DSC diagrams of powder samples. To distinguish them from the baseline noise they should exhibit a height at least twice that of the baseline width. For the instrument employed the corresponding smallest amount of heat, i.e., the limit of detection, was found to be 0.1 mJ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01915492
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synchronized delivery and playout of distributed stored multimedia streams (1999)
    Springer
    Multimedia systems 7 (1999), S. 70-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1882
    Keywords: Key words:Sychronization – Multimedia streams – Video server
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract. Multimedia streams such as audio and video impose tight temporal constraints for their presentation. Often, related multimedia streams, such as audio and video, must be presented in a synchronized way. We introduce a novel scheme to ensure the continuous and synchronous delivery of distributed stored multimedia streams across a communications network. We propose a new protocol for synchronized playback and compute the buffer required to achieve both, the continuity within a single substream and the synchronization between related substreams. The scheme is very general and does not require synchronized clocks. Using a resynchronization protocol based on buffer level control, the scheme is able to cope with server drop-outs and clock drift. The synchronization scheme has been implemented and the paper concludes with our experimental results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005300050112
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the carbohydrate moieties of recombinant soluble Fcε receptor (sFcε RII/sCD23) expressed inSaccharomyces cerevisiae and Chinese hamster ovary cells. Different O-glycosylation sites are used by yeast and mammalian cells (1992)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 9 (1992), S. 209-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: O-glycosylation in yeast ; O-glycosylation in CHO cells ; soluble FcεRII ; methylation analysis ; sequential degradation with exoglycosidases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Recombinant human soluble low affinity receptor for the Fc portion of IgE (sFcεRII/sCD23) was produced inSaccharomyces cerevisiae or Chinese hamster ovary cells and subjected to carbohydrate analysis. Applied methods included analytical SDS-PAGE, reversed phase HPLC, methylation analysis and sequential degradation with exoglycosidases. The results revealed that sFcεRII derived from Chinese hamster ovary cells is glycosylated exclusively at Ser-147, containing mainly the trisaccharide Sia(α2–3)Gal(β1–3)GalNAc, whereas the yeast derived glycoprotein was glycosylated at Ser-167 and contained only α-mannosyl residues. It is shown here for the first time that different amino acids of a given protein can be O-glycosylated when expressed in yeast or Chinese hamster ovary cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00731167
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