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  • Column liquid chromatography  (16)
  • Springer  (16)
  • PANGAEA
  • Springer Nature
  • Wiley-Blackwell
  • 1990-1994  (16)
  • 1991  (16)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A particle size distribution analysis of stressed HPLC column packing material (1991)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 31 (1991), S. 362-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Particle size distribution ; Stationary phase stress ; Silica gel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A particle size distribution analysis has been completed on three different HPLC column packing materials including silica gel (Si60) and two bonded phases (RP8 and RP18). The stationary phases were subjected to 18 hours stress with 1 N or 3 N KOH and found to have quantitatively different distribution patterns initially, at 13 hours and finally at 18 hours although the average particle diameters for the Si60 and RP8 were the same or higher at 18 hours as initially. Thirteen hoursstress with sodium octanesulfonate, tetrabutylammonium phosphate and ammonium acetate at exaggerated conditions also resulted in distributional changes with the Si60 and RP8 decreasing in average particle diameter when exposed to ammonium acetate and tetrabutylammonium stressing respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262193
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural in apple juices and concentrates (1991)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 32 (1991), S. 45-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Furfural ; Hydroxymethylfurfural ; Apple juice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A rapid and sensitive method for determining 2-furaldehyde (FUR) and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (HMF) in apple juices and juice concentrates has been developed. The method for FUR and HMF involves the solid-liquid extraction of the juice by using a C-18 cartridge prior to reversed-phase separation with detection at 280 nm. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water (8/92, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. Recoveries from apple juices and juice concentrates spiked at different levels ranged from 94.1 to 104.0 (FUR) and 94.5 to 100.5 (HMF). The quantification limit for both, FUR and HMF, was 5 ppb.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262465
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Separation and characterization of a viscosity index improver copolymer by high-performance liquid chromatography (1991)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 31 (1991), S. 71-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Size exclusion chromatography ; Styrene-methacrylate polymers ; IR and UV spectroscopy ; Lubricating oils additives
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Characterization of a poly(styrene-alkyl methacrylate) viscosity index improver according to its chemical composition distribution and molecular weight distribution was carried out by liquid adsorption chromatography, size exclusion chromatography and infrared and ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The industrial polymer was fractionated by liquid chromatography using silica gel as adsorbent and a mixture of 1,2-dichloroethane and methanol as mobile phase. Each fraction was analyzed by size exclusion chromatography and infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy. The number average molecular weight ranged from 10000 to 36000 and the weight average molecular weight from 19000 to 264000. The styrene content of the various fractions analysed was between 29.5% and 72.2%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02290500
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retention behavior of the inclusion complexes of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with β-cyclodextrin (1991)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 31 (1991), S. 157-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Cyclodextrin inclusion complexes ; Structure-retention relationships ; Polycyclic aromatics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The retention behaviour of a group of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons having nearly equal ionization potentials but different molecular polarizability values was investigated by reversed-phase HPLC and gas chromatography, using β-cyclodextrin as a selective inclusion reagent. In HPLC, the cyclodextrin was applied as an additive to the ethanolwater binary mobile phase, while in gas chromatography β-cyclodextrin served as the stationary phase coated on an inert support. The relationships between the capacity factors, molecular polarizabilities and the shape parameter of solute molecules is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02274565
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Automated HPLC-amino acid determination of protein hydrolysates by precolumn derivatization with OPA and FMOC and comparison with classical ion exchange chromatography (1991)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 31 (1991), S. 441-447 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Ion exchange chromatography ; Quantitative amino acid analysis ; OPA/FMOC precolumn derivatization ; Cheese
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An improved HPLC method for the quantitative determination of the amino acids from hydrolysed cheese proteins and peptides is described. Some important improvements to the existing method are suggested. The addition of piperidine-4-carboxylic acid (PICA) as a hydrolysis-resistant internal standard enabled the quantification of secondary amino acids. The following analytical parameters have been determined: repeatability, detection limit and linearity in the measuring range. A statistical comparison with the classical ion chromatographic method gave an excellent correlation for all determined amino acids. Both methods are free of artifacts and systematic errors. Compared with ion chromatography, HPLC shows the following advantages: faster equilibration of the column, shorter retention times, more stable baseline, narrower peaks and more sensitive fluorescence detection. A drawback is the slightly lower repeatability for some amino acids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262386
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromatographic optimization for the determination of traces of selenonium and arsonium cations by HPLC with on-line detection by AAS (1991)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 31 (1991), S. 481-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Selenonium and arsonium cations ; AAS detection ; Chromatographic optimization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Optimal mobile phase compositions were determined for the separation of selenonium ions [trimethylselenonium, (2-hydroxyethyl)dimethylselenonium and (2-acetoxyethyl)dimethylselenonium] and, separately, for arsonium ions (tetramethylarsonium, arsenobetaine, and arsenocholine) by HPLC with detection by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Surface response methodologies were used to predict the variations in detector response (peak area), capacity factors, and selectivities as a function of the mobile phase composition. For selenonium analytes, a mixture of triethylammonium and trimethylsulfonium ions in the methanol-1% acetic acid mobile phase provided a compromise between resolving power and chromatographic efficiency. By contrast, optimum chromatography of the arsonium analytes was obtained by replacing onium additives in the mobile phase by picrylsulfonic acid. For both selenonium and arsonium analytes, the dominant interaction with the stationary phase was with residual silanols and improvements to the chromatographic performance of these analytes resulted in appreciable decreases in their limits of detection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262393
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of the efficiency of a mobile phase used in size-exclusion HPLC for the separation of peptides from a casein hydrolysate according to their hydrodynamic volume (1991)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 32 (1991), S. 499-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Size-exclusion ; Peptides ; Casein hydrolysate ; FAB-MS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A casein hydrolysate was eluted on a TSK G-2000 SW sizeexclusion high-performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC) column using a mobile phase which gives a correlation coefficient of 0.98 for the separation of 20 pure and synthetic peptides and proteins of molecular weight (M. W.) varying from 243.28 (Ala-Pro-Gly) to 43 000 (Ovalbumine) daltons. Further isolation and purification of peptides present in each of the 8 different fractions collected from the SE-HPLC were done by reversed-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC). Peptide experimental M. W. determined from the calibration curve obtained for synthetic or purified peptides was compared to their precise M.W. obtained by fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry analysis (FAB-MS). The results do not show a separation of this complex hydrolysate by SE-HPLC according to the hydrodynamic volume of its constituents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02327894
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elution behavior of N-heterocyclic derivatives of mixed ruthenium(II)-sulfoxide complexes in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (1991)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 32 (1991), S. 546-548 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Ruthenium mixed complexes ; Sulfoxides ; N-Heterocyclic bases ; Hydrophobic properties of aromatic ligand
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The elution behaviour of a series of dichlorobis-(dimethylsulfoxide)bis(N-heterocyclic)ruthenium(II) complexes has been investigated using reversed-phase HPLC. Similar trends as those displayed by the free N-heterocyclic bases have been observed for the complexes, essentially reflecting the hydrophobic properties of the aromatic ligands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02327901
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Separation of copoly(styrene/acrylonitrile) samples according to composition under reversed phase conditions (1991)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 32 (1991), S. 107-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Styrene/acrylonitrile polymers ; Gradient elution ; Solubility effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Copoly(styrene/acrylonitrile) samples (S/AN) have been repeatedly separated according to composition by gradient HPLC with alkane hydrocarbons as a starting eluent A and dichloromethane (DCM) or tetrahydrofuran (THF) as a solvent B. In these systems, retention increased with AN content of the copolymers. The chemical nature of the column packings used had almost no influence on the retention of S/AN samples. The present paper shows thatn-pentane andn-heptane, when used in a given volumetric gradient with DCM+20% methanol as a solvent B, lead to identical solution characteristics of S/AN on silica columns. A similar result was obtained on C18 columns withn-heptane or cyclohexane, whereas gradient elution with toluene as a starting eluent caused insufficient resolution. Reversed phase separation of S/AN copolymers could be achieved on polystyrene gel columns through gradients with methanol as a starting eluent and DCM or THF as a solvent B. In both systems, retention decreased with increasing AN content of the copolymers. The elution characteristics were almost linear in the range 0–20 wt% AN. This behaviour can be understood in the context of polymer solubility: in both systems, the solubility borderline of S/AN has a distinct maximum at about 25 wt% AN. Reversed phase separation was achieved at the lefthand slope of these curves where the dissolution of a sample with a higher AN content requires less DCM or THF solvent than the dissolution of copolymers which are poorer in AN. This idea predicts that samples with more than 25 wt% AN should elute later than S/AN whose composition is near to the solubility maximum. This indeed was found with a copolymer containing 36.2 wt% AN.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02325011
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of by-products in phenylisocyanate pre-column derivatization by thermospray liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (1991)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 32 (1991), S. 125-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Phenylisocyanate derivatization ; By-products of derivatization ; Thermospray LC/MS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Thermospray liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry has been applied to the identification of by-products in precolumn derivatization by phenylisocyanate. These byproducts are eluted early in the same chromatographic region as the low molecular weight derivatives and were located by chromatographic analysis of a blank sample. Their identification would offer further qualitative information in the use of phenylisocyanate as a derivatizing agent. Five compounds resulted from the reaction of phenylisocyanate and the reaction medium were identified: two from a reaction between phenylisocyanate and methanol, two from the reaction between phenylisocyanate and water, and one from the polymerisation of phenylisocyanate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02325014
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