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  • Springer  (46)
  • Wiley  (30)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (8)
  • American Geophysical Union
  • Cell Press
  • MDPI
  • 1990-1994  (86)
  • 1935-1939
  • 1991  (86)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Topological analysis of some special graphs. III. Regular polyhedra (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of cluster science 2 (1991), S. 105-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8862
    Keywords: Electronic structure ; cluster ; eigenvectors ; Kronecker product
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A regular polyhedron is isomorphic to a cluster on which every face has same number of bonds and every atom has an equal number of coordinating atoms. A general strategy for generating the eigenvectors and the eigenvalues of regular polyhedra is given. Net sign analyses are also performed on the eigenvectors of regular polyhedra. The results provide us a quick way to grasp the topological feature of the electronic structure of clusters having interesting topology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00702951
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Topological analysis of some special graphs: III. Regular polyhedra (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of cluster science 2 (1991), S. 219-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8862
    Keywords: Atomic cluster ; cluster bonding ; cluster structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A regular polyhedron is isomorphic to a cluster on which every face has same number of bonds and every atom has an equal number of coordinating atoms. A general strategy for generating the eigenvectors and the eigenvalues of regular polyhedra is given. Not sign analyses are also performed on the eigenvectors of regular polyhedra. The results provide us a quick way to grasp the topological feature of the electronic structure of clusters having interesting topology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00702829
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photosynthetic productivity of an immature maize crop: changes in quantum yield of CO2 assimilation, conversion efficiency and thylakoid proteins (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 14 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. The effect of growth temperatures on quantum yield (φ) was examined for leaves at different stages of development within the immature canopies of two crops of field grown maize (Zea mays cv. LG11) sown on 3 May and 20 June 1990. During the period of 23 to 49d after sowing, the crop sown on the 3 May experienced temperatures below 10°C on 19 occasions compared with only two for the crop sown on 20 June. A period of severe chilling at the end of May and the beginning of June was associated with a marked reduction in φ for all leaves in the early-sown crop. This chill-induced depression in φ was greater in recently emerged than more mature leaves in the canopy and was found to be accompanied by modifications in the polypeptide profiles of thylakoids isolated from the leaves. During the chilling period, decreases in some polypeptides, notably in the range of 41–42 and 20kDa apparent molecular size, and increases of polypeptides of c. 15–16kDa were observed compared with leaves developing at warmer temperatures in July. The efficiency of converting intercepted radiation into dry matter (conversion efficiency) was 42% lower in the early- than late-sown crop, but no significant relationship between conversion efficiency and quantum yield was found in either treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1991.tb00964.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chilling stress and oxygen metabolizing enzymes in Zea mays and Zea diploperennis (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 14 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. The activities of five active-oxygen scavenging enzymes were compared for cold-lability and three were compared for chilling induction in two Zea genotypes of contrasting susceptibility to photoinhibition during chilling. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR, EC 1.6.5.4), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR, EC 1.8.5.1), and glutathione reductase (GTR, EC 1.6.4.2) in leaf extracts from plants grown without chilling stress were assayed at 19°C and 5°C. Enzymes from the chilling-susceptible Z. Mays cv. LG11 had lower specific activities at 5°C than did enzymes from the chilling-tolerant Z. diploperennis, except for MDHAR where no significant differences were observed. The activities of SOD and APX from Z. diploperennis were double those of Z. mays at both assay temperatures. Monodehydroa-scrobate reductase and glutathione reductase activities in both species were reduced by 63–78% at a 5°C assay temperature. The dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) showed the greatest low-temperature lability losing 96% (Z. diploperennis) and 100% (Z. mays) of its activity at 5°C. To examine possible chilling-induced changes in levels of enzyme activity, plants of both Zea genotypes were transferred to growth chambers at 10°C at moderate light intensities. Glutathione reductase activity was found to increase within 24h in Z. diploperennis, but it decreased slightly in Z. mays. MDHAR activity decreased by 50% in Z. diploperennis but showed only a transient increase in activity in Z. mays.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1991.tb01375.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modification of the response of photosynthetic productivity to rising temperature by atmospheric CO2 concentrations: Has its importance been underestimated? (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 14 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Climate change will include correlated increases in temperature and atmospheric CO2 concentration (Ca). Rising temperatures will increase the ratio of photorespiratory loss of carbon to photosynthetic gain, whilst rising Ca will have an opposing effect. The mechanism of these effects at the level of carboxylation in C3 photosynthesis are quantitatively well understood and provide a basis for models of the response of leaf and canopy carbon exchange to climate change. The principles of such a model are referred to here and used to quantitatively examine the implications of concurrent increase in temperature and Ca. Simulations of leaf photosynthesis show the increase, with elevation of Ca from 350 to 650 μmol mol-1, in light saturated rates of CO2 uptake (Asat) and maximum quantum yields (φ) to rise with temperature. An increase in Ca from 350 to 650 μmol mol-1 can increase Asat by 20% at 10°C and by 105% at 35°C, and can raise the temperature optimum of Asat by 5°C. This pattern of change agrees closely with experimental data. At the canopy level, simulations also suggest a strong interaction of increased temperature and CO2 concentration. Predictions are compared with the findings of long-term field studies. The principles used here suggest that elevated Ca will alter both the magnitude of the response of leaf and canopy carbon gain to rising temperature, and sometimes, the direction of response. Findings question the value of models for predicting plant production in response to climate change which ignore the direct effects of rising Ca and the modifications that rising Ca imposes on the temperature response of net CO2 exchange.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1991.tb01439.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of fertilizer nitrogen rate and timing on herbage production and nitrogen use efficiency for first-cut silage (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 46 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Eight field-plot experiments were carried out on established grassland swards between 1984 and 1988 to examine the effects of date and rate of application of calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) on herbage dry matter (DM) yield and apparent efficiency of nitrogen (N) use at first-cut silage.CAN application significantly increased (P 〈0 ·001) the mean yields of herbage and N uptakes by herbage in all experiments. Herbage yields were similar (P 〉 0·05) with N rates of 100 kg ha−1, 125 kg ha−1 or 150 kg ha−1 in five experiments but in the other three there were increases above 100 kg ha−1. Date of N application had a significant effect on DM yield in three experiments; this effect was inconsistent for both single and split dressings. Lower production was associated with reduced uptake of N, a trend that primarily reflected lower DM yields and not wide herbage N content variation.It is concluded that selection of the date on which to apply fertilizer N in early spring to obtain optimum herbage yields at first-cut silage often required little precision. The use of fertilizer N rates 〉100 kg ha−1 should be questioned where there are likely to be appreciable quantities of available N derived from non-fertilizer sources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1991.tb02228.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoinhibition of holly (Ilex aquifolium) in the field during the winter (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 83 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The distribution of holly (Ilex aquifolium) and its habitat preferences indicate a sensitivity to low temperature, particularly when exposed to high light. Experiments were conducted to determine whether photoinhibition of photosynthesis occurs in holly leaves in the field in United Kingdom during the winter. Photosynthetic efficiency was assessed in holly leaves that were exposed to or shaded from direct sunlight using measurements of photosynthetic oxygen evolution and chlorophyll fluorescence. Field measurements were conducted over 3 weeks during January and February. Correlation of the measurements of photosynthetic efficiency with weather conditions indicated that holly was suffering photoinhibition, particularly in leaves exposed to direct sunlight. Controlled environment studies demonstrated that exposure of leaves to low temperature and high light resulted in reductions in photosynthetic efficiency; however, leaves recovered rapidly when exposed to a higher temperature and reduced light level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1991.tb02472.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An analysis of the extracellular xylanases and cellulases of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens H17c (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 84 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The extracellular xylanase and cellulase components of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens H17c were investigated. Two major peaks of enzyme activity were eluted by hydroxylapatite chromatography and designated complex A (CA), having cellulase activity, and complex B (CB) having predominantly xylanase activity but with some activity on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). CB was further purified on a DE-52 column and subjected to gel filtration. The xylanase and CMCase activities eluted in a single peak with an apparent molecular mass greater than thyroglobulin (Mr 669 000). CMC xymograms of polyacrylamide gels electrophoresed under non-denaturing conditions indicated the presence of five bands with CMCase activity from CA and eight from CB. Xylan xymograms under the same conditions indicated the presence of four bands of activity in CB. Under mild denaturing conditions the xylanase activity in CB was found in 11 bands with molecular mass ranging from 45 to 180 and the CMCase activity in three bands with molecular mass ranging from 45 kDa to 60 kDa. This indicates that CB exists as a multi-subunit protein aggregate of xylanases, some of which also have cellulase activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1991.tb04596.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    REPLY TO DISCUSSION by Bruce A. McCarl AND Ronald C. Griffin: “A Trade-Off Analysis of Alternative Water Uses” (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 27 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1991.tb01485.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    REPLY TO DISCUSSION by David B. Willis and Norman K. Whittlesey: “A Trade-Off Analysis of Alternative Water Uses” (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 27 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1991.tb01487.x
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