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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 95 (1991), S. 6229-6237 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: High resolution spectrum of the B 1Π–X 1Σ+ transition of the NaRb molecule was measured with the technique of the Doppler-free laser polarization spectroscopy. Molecular constants of the B 1Π(v=0–12) and X 1Σ+(v=0–6) states of 23Na85Rb were determined. The energy levels of the B 1Π state were found to present many irregularities due to perturbations. The resonance fluorescence spectrum following an excitation to a strongly perturbed level was measured. The fluorescence to the (1)3Σ+ state, which consists of discrete lines followed by a continuum band, was observed in addition to the fluorescence lines to rovibrational levels of the X 1Σ+ state. The perturbing state to the B 1Π(v=8,J=15–21) levels is identified as the (1)3Π state by comparing the observed fluorescence spectra with the selection rules for perturbations and radiative transitions. The dissociation limit of the (1)3Σ+ state, which separates into the Na(3s2S1/2)+Rb(5s2S1/2) atoms, was deduced from the spectrum. The dissociation energies of the X 1Σ+, (1)3Σ+, and B 1Π states were determined to be 5030±2, 182±2, and 1319±2 cm−1, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 94 (1991), S. 7713-7720 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Doppler-free high resolution spectrum of the B 1Π(v',J')–X 1Σ+(v‘,J‘) transitions of 23Na39K was measured by the optical–optical double resonance (OODR) polarization spectroscopy. The transition lines up to the v'=43 level, which was estimated to be 1.8 cm−1 below the dissociation limit, were observed. The potential energy curve for internuclear distance from 3.25 to 15.6 A(ring) was calculated by the RKR method, and the inverse-power coefficient was determined by analyzing the long-range RKR turning points. The B 1Π state dissociates to Na(3s2S1/2)+K(4p2P3/2) atoms without a potential hill near the dissociation limit. The dissociation energy was determined to be 1324.3±0.3 cm−1 from the LeRoy–Bernstein plots. Remarkable line broadenings were observed for transitions higher than the dissociation energy to Na(3s2S1/2)+K(4p2P1/2) atoms. This is identified as originating from the predissociation to Na(3s2S1/2)+K(4p2P1/2) atoms. The predissociation is shown to be caused by a spin–orbit interaction between the B 1Π and (2)3Σ+ states, and the potential curves are expected to cross around the inner turning point of the B 1Π (v'=34) level.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 94 (1991), S. 2600-2607 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A Doppler-free polarization spectrum of the D 1Σ+u(v',J')–X 1Σ+g(v‘,J‘) transition has been observed, and the molecular constants of the D 1Σ+u state were determined. A remarkable variation of the vibrational spacing ΔGv with v', and large deviations of ΔGv from the fitted ΔGv curve for v'(approximately-greater-than)35 were analyzed. The potential curve of the perturbing state, which was identified as the bound (2)3Πu state, was estimated. By using an experimental setup where a collimated cesium beam is crossed at right angles by the laser beam, we measured the excitation spectra by monitoring separately the molecular fluorescence and the D2 or D1 atomic emission. We found that a predissociation of the D 1Σ+u state occurred for v'(approximately-greater-than)20, and the probability of predissociation increased with v'. The measured v' and J' dependence of the linewidth Γ showed a significant increase for v'(approximately-greater-than)25. The predissociation of the D 1Σ+u state is caused by a combination of spin–orbit interaction between the D 1Σ+u(v'J') and (2)3Π0u(e vJ') levels, and the L-uncoupling interaction between the bound (2)3Π0u(e vJ') and dissociative c 3Σ+u(N = J'J') levels.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 58 (1991), S. 1250-1252 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We demonstrate the first surface-emitting laser operation in a vertical-to-surface transmission electrophotonic device with a vertical cavity. The thyristor-like current-voltage characteristics, which are required for optical and electrical switching, are achieved. Threshold current during the on state is as low as 1.2 mA. All 100 devices, which were randomly extracted from a grown wafer, emit laser light.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 9 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 86 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The process of colony formation by bacteria from grassland soil sampled in April, July and September was simulated by a colony-forming curve (CFC). The CFC was a super-imposition of several component curves (cCFC) given theoretically by the first order reaction (FOR) model [3,6]. The pattern of FOR model curves was not influenced by the time of sampling and four cCFCs were always recognized during an incubation period of 160 h. It was considered that the CFC describes an inherent property of the bacterial population of the field. Bacterial isolates were obtained from colonies produced in each of four cCFCs on agar plates. Isolates corresponding to one cCFC were classified as one group. The bacterial isolates were characterized by morphological and physiological tests and subsequently clustered. Few oligotrophic bacteria were obtained among bacteria which produced visible colonies within 63 h of incubation time. On the other hand, approx. 50% of bacteria which produced v colonies after 63 h were oligotrophic bacteria. The time required for the appearance of the first colony, tr of the FOR model, was very similar in the isolates belonging to one group. A close linear relationship was observed between tr value and doubling time of isolates.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 33 (1991), S. 295-300 
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 2 (1991), S. 129-132 
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of the type of fibres on bending behaviour and impact energy in reinforced acrylic resin was examined. Reinforcing materials such as inorganic glass fibre and cloth and organic polyester and Kevlar fibres were coated with a silane coupling treatment, whereas Co-Cr wire was directly used for the reinforcement. After silane coupling treatment each fibre was added to the heat curing base resin, except polyester fibre. It is concluded that the inclusion of glass linear fibre provides an effective improvement on plain acrylic base resin. An additional way to reinforce the resin matrix was given by the combined use of glass and Kevlar fibres.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 2 (1991), S. 82-85 
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract This work was designed to study the application of monomer-coated glass cloths to denture base heat-curing acrylic resin, and the improvement of the bending properties and impact energy in the reinforced resins was attempted by including glass cloth with a twill weave treated by multifunctional monomers. The results, that true adhesion between fibre and resin matrix occurs, support the increases in mechanical properties when treated with the heat-cured monomer. A remarkable increase in impact energy rather than maximum strength as a bending strength was achieved in the reinforced specimen including the twill-woven glass cloth treated due to the multifunctional monomers, and the energy value in the multifunctional-treated specimen was almost twice that in the plain acrylic resin.
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