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  • 1990-1994  (25)
  • 1992  (16)
  • 1991  (9)
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  • 1990-1994  (25)
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  • 1
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    Geochemistry and petrography of the MacAlpine Hills lunar meteorites (1991)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0016-7037
    Electronic ISSN: 1872-9533
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Published by Elsevier
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
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    An interplanetary dust particle with links to CI chondrites (1992)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0016-7037
    Electronic ISSN: 1872-9533
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Published by Elsevier
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
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    In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU): Surface systems program area of the exploration technology program (1991)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Description: The topics presented are covered in viewgraph form and include the following: (1) utilization of Lunar and Mars resources; (2) oxygen - an example of cost savings; (3) In Space Resource Utilization (ISRU); (4) basic resource processing methods; (5) planetary mining; (6) raw materials preparation; (7) validation, testbeds, and flight experiments; (8) mission readiness schedule; and (9) ISRU budget guideline.
    Keywords: ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT
    Type: NASA, Washington, SSTAC(ARTS Review of the Draft Integrated Technology Plan (ITP). Volume 4: Materials and Structures 21 p (SEE N93-71834 13-81); NASA, Washington, SS
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Sintering of lunar glass and basalt (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Experiments were conducted to study the sintering behavior of glass and basalt lunar soil simulants. The degree of sintering was assessed by compressive strength testing and microanalysis. Both crushed glass and basalt sinter significantly at 1000 C, with the basalt attaining its maximum strength at 1100 C. Initial sintering occurs in less than 15 min, and the degree of sintering does not increase significantly with time after about 30 min. Glass sinters more readily than crystalline material. Sintering and devitrification both occur on a time scale of minutes in the heated glass, but sintering is apparently more rapid. The processes of sintering and oxygen release by hydrogen reduction of lunar soil are synergistic, and could be combined to produce two extremely useful products at a lunar base.
    Keywords: GROUND SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND FACILITIES (SPACE)
    Type: In: Engineering, construction, and operations in space III: Space '92; Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference, Denver, CO, May 31-June 4, 1992. Vol. 2 (A93-41976 17-12); p. 1209-1218.
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Lunar oxygen - The reduction of glass by hydrogen (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The direct reduction of volcanic glass by hydrogen has been proposed as a method of extracting oxygen from the lunar soil. Experiments using lunar simulant glasses reacted with flowing hydrogen gas have demonstrated reduction at temperatures from 1000 to 1200 C. For melted samples ferrous iron was reduced to the metal, which formed large crystals at the expense of the glass. Samples held below the melting point rapidly devitrified, and iron was formed from submicrometer crystals of ilmenite and pyroxene. Weight losses of 3.6 - 4.5 percent, depending on glass composition, were achieved in 3 hours at 1100 C. A lunar oxygen plant operating at this efficiency and utilizing Apollo 17 orange glass as a feedstock could produce 50 kg of oxygen per ton of soil. The processes of reduction and sintering of lunar soil are synergistic, and could be combined to produce both oxygen and construction material at a moon base.
    Keywords: GROUND SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND FACILITIES (SPACE)
    Type: In: Engineering, construction, and operations in space - III: Space '92; Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference, Denver, CO, May 31-June 4, 1992. Vol. 1 (A93-41976 17-12); p. 629-640.
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    An interplanetary dust particle with links to CI chondrites (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: W7013F5 is a chondritic, hydrated interplanetary dust particle whose composition and mineralogy is nearly identical to that found in the CI chondrites. Transmission electron microscope observations show that the phyllosilicates in W7013F5 consist largely of a coherent undergrowth of Mg-Fe serpentine and Fe-bearing saponite on the unitcell scale. This distinctive intergrowth of phyllosilicates has only been observed previously in the CI chondrites. Other secondary minerals in W7013F5 include Mg-Fe carbonates, magnetite, and pentlandite. The mineral assemblage in W7013F5 is generally not as oxidized as that in the CI chondrites. The presence of kamacite in W7013F5 indicates that the particle is extraterrestrial, and a thin amorphous rim surrounding the particle provides evidence that it is not a piece of a meteorite that fragmented during transit through the atmosphere. The apparent lack of hydrated IDPs with CI mineralogy and chemistry may indicate that CI-type dust-producing asteroids are uncommon in the asteroid belt.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (ISSN 0016-7037); 56; 3, Ma
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    On using a pyroclastic deposit as a manned lunar base site (1991)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Hawke et al. (1990) suggest that ilmenite found in Apollo 17-type pyroclastic glass may provide feedstock for the hydrogen reduction of ilmenite process for producing lunar oxygen. They also suggest that the ilmenite may help retain solar wind hydrogen and helium which can be extracted for use at a lunar outpost or even transported back to Earth for fusion fuel in the case of helium-3. Therefore, they suggest that ilmenite-rich material may be the best candidate. Here, researchers propose a somewhat different approach. They propose that the pyroclastic glass can be reduced directly to produce oxygen and one or more metals. Sulfur would be another important byproduct of the processing. This process would eliminate the need for having specific minerals such as ilmenite or for doing any mineral concentration. The bulk pyroclastic would provide the feedstock. Some recent experiments at the Johnson Space Center suggest that an iron-rich composition would be the most suitable for this direct feedstock reduction and that the titanium content may not be important. Also, the lunar pyroclastic deposits would be extremely useful in constructing and supporting a lunar base.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA, Washington, Reports of Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program, 1990; p 183
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    Transmission electron microscopy of an interplanetary dust particle with links to CI chondrites (1991)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: The majority of hydrated interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) have compositions that resemble CI and CM chondrites, however, their mineralogies are most similar to the fine grained material in certain altered type-3 carbonaceous and ordinary chondrites. During the transmission electron microscope studies of hydrated IDPs, a unique particle was discovered whose mineralogy is very similar to that reported from CI chondrites. W7013F5 is the first IDP whose mineralogy and chemistry approximates that of CI chondrites. The similarity in mineralogy and mineral chemistry suggests that W7013F5 was altered under conditions similar to those that existed on the CI parent bodies.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Inst., Abstracts for the 54th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society; p 115
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    The origin of amorphous rims on lunar plagioclase grains: Solar wind damage or vapor condensates (1991)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: A distinctive feature of micron sized plagioclase grains from mature lunar soils is a thin (20 to 100 nm) amorphous rim surrounding the grains. These rims were originally described from high voltage electron microscope observations of lunar plagioclase grains by Dran et al., who observed rims up to 100 nm thick on plagioclase grains from Apollo 11 and 12 soils. These rims are believed to be the product of solar wind damage. The amorphous rims were studied on micron sized plagioclase grains from a mature Apollo 16 soil using a JEOL 200FX transmission electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive x ray spectrometer. It was found that the amorphous rims are compositionally distinct from the interior plagioclase and it is proposed that a major component of vapor condensates is present in the rims.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Inst., Abstracts for the 54th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society; p 114
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Science and In Situ Resources Utilization (ISRU): Design reference mission for the First Lunar Outpost (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Information is given in viewgraph form on the science and in situ resources utilization (ISRU) for the design reference mission for the First Lunar Outpost (FLO). Topics covered include requirements and themes, the general approach, science payloads, trade studies, science evolution, and present and future activities.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Third SEI Technical Interchange: Proceedings; p 75-115
    Format: application/pdf
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