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  • Articles  (102)
  • Other Sources
  • Springer  (54)
  • Elsevier  (48)
  • AGU (American Geophysical Union)
  • 2015-2019
  • 1990-1994  (102)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1992  (65)
  • 1991  (37)
  • Biology  (64)
  • Physics  (51)
  • Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology  (1)
  • Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
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  • Articles  (102)
  • Other Sources
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  • 2015-2019
  • 1990-1994  (102)
  • 1985-1989
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mating behavior and male mating success in wildAnastrepha Ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae) on a field-caged host tree (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 4 (1991), S. 471-487 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: mating behavior ; courtship ; lek ; mating system ; Mexican fruit fly ; Anastrepha ludens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mating behavior and factors affecting mating success of males were studied using wild Anastrepha ludens on a fieldcaged host tree. The most common courtship sequence had five components: (1) male calls from the underside of a leaf, (2) female arrives to the maleoccupied leaf, (3) male orients to female and stops calling, (4) one or both approach to a face-to-face position 1–3 cm apart, and (5) male mounts female after 1–2 s. Courtship behavior was almost identical to that of laboratoryculture flies observed previously under laboratory conditions. Most malefemale encounters occurred at a height of 1–2m, well inside the outer canopy of the tree. Differential mating success by males occurred. No male mated more than once per day, owing possibly to a very short sexual activity period. Factors favoring mating success of males were survival ability and tendency to join male aggregations and to fight other males. Thorax length and age (9–11 days difference) had no effects on male copulatory success. Overall win/loss percentage was not related to mating success because the males that were most successful at mating fought mostly among themselves, driving their win/loss percentage down. However, these successful males (at mating) won most of their fights against less successful males. Results confirmed a lek mating system: males aggregated, called, and defended territories; territories did not contain femalerequired resources; and females exercised mate choice, apparently through selection of sites within leks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01049332
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning behaviour and spatial niche (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of ornithology 133 (1992), S. 73-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0361
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An drei kleinen, Bäume nach Nahrung absuchenden Singvögeln (Kleiber, Tannenmeise, Haubenmeise) wurde das Suchverhalten in Beziehung zur räumlichen Nische untersucht. An künstlichen Futtergeräten wurde unter normierten Bedingungen die Aufmerksamkeit registriert, die die nahrungssuchenden Vögel der Umgebung schenkten. Bei Tannenmeisen, die in dichterer Vegetation nach Nahrung suchen als Kleiber, sind die Phasen der Nahrungssuche kürzer und häufiger. Dies deutet auf ein Syndrom des Verhaltens, das ein Zeitmuster der Kontrolle der Umgebung mit der räumlichen Nische einer Art in Beziehung bringt. Dieses Muster entsteht vermutlich aus dem Zusammenwirken von Häufigkeit und Dauer der Phasen der Nahrungssuche auf dem Substrat mit der Größe des Raumes, den ein Vogel nach Feinden zu kontrollieren hat, sowie der Deckung, die von der Umgebung angeboten wird.
    Notes: Summary The scanning behaviour of three small tree-gleaning passerines (Nuthatch, Coal Tit and Cresated Tit) was investigated in relation to their spatial niche by observing vigilance while feeding on artificial feeders under controlled conditions. Coal Tits which forage in substrates with denser vegetation cover, showed shorter, more frequent scans than Nuthatches, which usually forage in open substrates. Our results suggest the existence of a foraging syndrome relating the vigilance pattern to the spatial niche of a species, which probably results from the interaction between scan frequency and scan duration in relation to the space a bird must survey for predators and the protection offered by the surroundings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01640041
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contribution to radiative corrections from decoupling particles (1992)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 55 (1992), S. 175-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Particles which normally decouple in the large mass limit (i.e., unrelated to the symmetry breaking) may contribute to radiative corrections if their mass ism new∼M W . We study their effect on various observables.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01558303
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    From records to self-description: The role played by RNA in early evolutive systems (1992)
    Springer
    Acta biotheoretica 40 (1992), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8358
    Keywords: Ribozyme ; Record ; Code ; Self-description
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We study the appearance of genetic information starting from a system where self-reproductive and enzymatic functions are supported by the same sort of molecules. In a first phase, the information must have arisen in the form of rate independent sequences as records of enzymatic functions. Although this stage must have played an important role in evolution, it will be shown how its evolutive capacities were blocked by the impossibility of appearance of geno/phenotype duality. Finally, a logical scheme is proposed for a transition process toward a system with a code offering a simplification of the conditions required from the assumption of a maximum use of the double RNA capacity, both reproductive and enzymatic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00046546
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal structure of the 1:1 complex formed by 4-nitropyridine N-oxide and 4-nitrophenol (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 22 (1992), S. 201-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The title complex (C6H5NO3·C5H4N2O3,M r =279.21) crystallizes in the orthorhombic space groupPna21 witha=18.862(2),b=5.876(1),c=10.803(2) Å,V=1197.3(6) Å3,D c =1.549 g cm−3 forZ=4,F(000)=576, λ(MoKα)=0.71073 Å,μ=0.84 mm−1,T=297 K. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined by block matrix least-squares. FinalR=0.032, wR=0.037 for 904 observed reflections. The complex is held together by an intermediate hydrogen bond between the hydroxyl and the N-oxide group with an O⋯O distance equal to 2.618(3) Å. The stacking of thea glide related complex molecules by translation in theb direction results in a herringbone structure with an overlap of the nitrophenol and 4-nitropyridine N-oxide rings and a mean interplanar distance of 3.4(1) Å between those rings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01186257
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soldier bug predation on swallowtail caterpillars (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae): Circumvention of defensive chemistry (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 5 (1992), S. 547-553 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: predation ; osmeterium ; spined soldier bug (Podisus maculiventris) ; black swallowtail (Papilio polyxenes) ; chemical defense
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract All larvae in the family Papilionidae possess osmeteria, eversible glands that release defensive chemicals upon disturbance. These chemicals have been shown to be repellent to ants, mantids, and other predaceous arthropods with chewing mouthparts. In this study, we demonstrate that the pentatomid Podisus maculiventris,an important predator of the black swallowtail Papilio polyxenes,is capable of piercing the body wall of the caterpillar and consuming body fluids without eliciting osmeterial eversion. Tenebrio molitorlarvae coated with osmeterial secretions of Papilio polyxeneswere universally rejected by Podisus maculiventris,suggesting that the predator is in fact repelled by the swallowtail defensive chemistry. By circumventing the defensive behavior of the caterpillar, the pentatomid is able to utilize an otherwise chemically unsuitable prey species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01048003
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analytical differentiation of wine fermentations using pure and mixed yeast cultures (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 7 (1991), S. 181-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Torulaspora delbrueckii ; Aroma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Thirty-three fermentations of Pedro Ximénez grapes, collected in three degrees of ripeness, were carried out by inoculation with three types of inoculum: pure cultures ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae races and ofTorulaspora delbrueckii, indigenous yeasts, and mixed cultures of indigenous yeasts enriched with the pure cultures. By means of variance analysis 21 compounds were determined whose final concentrations in the wines significantly depended on the musts, the inocula or both. Eleven products that depended significantly on the inocula were subjected to a discriminant analysis in which most of the pure cultures gathered in a discriminant space area different from that occupied by the indigenous yeasts. The centroids corresponding to most of the mixed cultures were shifted to the central area of the discriminant space, moved away from their corresponding pure cultures and approached the indigenous yeasts. The results show a high similarity between the fermentations carried out with mixed cultures with the addedS. cerevisiae races and those fermentations carried out with the indigenous yeasts, with regard to those compounds which were significantly dependent on the inocula.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01575881
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shear-induced folding in Arsia Mons aureole: Evidence for low-latitude martian glaciations (1992)
    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 59 (1992), S. 11-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Folds up to 50 km across have been identified on Arsia Mons aureole. Tharsis Province, Mars. The structures, located on Mars for the first time, are close to Aganippe Fossa and other huge faults which have behaved as left-lateral shear zones and then as extensional features. A tectonic scheme is proposed to explain the folds as shear-induced structures. Folding reveals a layered sequence in the aureole, and that is taken as a definitive evidence for its deposition by ice. If at least some of the Tharsis volcanoes aureoles are basal moraines, their study is critical, as they could contain a record of Mars paleoclimatic fluctuations. Martian past frozen lakes or oceans have been proposed, and some sediments found on the northern plains could have been deposited on the bottom of those basins. If this is so, those formations should be layered sequences and could also bear the traces of tectonic stresses, detectable as folds on Viking imagery. Correlation of these two kinds of evidence seems a promising line to tackle the Martian paleoclimatic problem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00056428
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of sterigmatocystin and O-methylsterigmatocystin by aflatoxigenic and nonaflatoxigenic field isolates of the Aspergillus flavus group (1991)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 116 (1991), S. 71-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Transformation ; sterigmatocystin ; O-methylsterigmatocistin ; A. flavus ; field isolates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Transformation of sterigmatocystin and O-methylsterigmatocystin (two metabolic aflatoxin precursors) to aflatoxins by aflatoxigenic and nonaflatoxigenic field isolates of Aspergillus flavus was studied. The 24 nonaflatoxigenic isolates investigated failed to transform both precursors. Among the 8 aflatoxin-producing isolates used, 7 transformed both precursors whereas the remaining failed to transform both. According to these results, the usefulness of the measurement of enzymatic activities related to aflatoxin production in understanding the true status of conflictive field isolates is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00436367
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of hydroxyapatite dissolution in acetic, lactic, and phosphoric acid solutions (1992)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 50 (1992), S. 137-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Hydroxyapatite ; Enamel ; Dissolution ; Kinetics ; Caries
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The present study was undertaken in an attempt to relate the kinetics of hydroxyapatite dissolution to solution parameters, under experimental conditions relevant to the dental caries process. Thus, the dissolution of hydroxyapatite was studied in acetic, lactic, and dilute phosphoric acid solutions having initial pH values from 4 to 6. Rates of dissolution and the corresponding degree of saturation with respect to hydroxyapatite were determined at various times throughout the dissolution process. Rates of dissolution of all solutions were found to decrease with increasing degree of solution saturation and were greater in solutions with lower initial values of pH. However, rates of dissolution in partially saturated phosphoric acid solutions (without added organic acid) were at least one order of magnitude lower than those observed in the organic acid buffers with the same initial pH, over the same range of saturation values. The data obtained are consistent with a surface-controlled dissolution model in which the rate of dissolution is dependent upon the degree of saturation and the sum of the activities of the acidic species in solution, i.e., phosphoric and organic acids. These results suggest that in order to assess the cariogenic potential of a given medium (e.g., plaque fluid), one must determine both the degree of saturation with respect to the dissolving mineral and the activities of acidic species in solution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298791
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