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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (19)
  • 1990-1994  (19)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1990  (19)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charge transport mechanism in poly(vinyl alcohol) - poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) polyblend films (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 41 (1990), S. 583-586 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Films aus Mischungen von Poly(vinylalkohol) und Poly(vinylpyrrolidon) wurden aus Lösungen der Homopolymere hergestellt. Die stationäre elektrische Leitung wurde im Temperaturbereich 309 K bis 450 K bei Feldstärken von 0,75 bis 46,5 · 106 V/m unter Verwendung unterschiedlichen Elektrodenmaterials untersucht. Der Ladungstransport wird mit der Injektion von Ladungsträgern aus dem Elektrodenmaterial in das Dielektrikum nach einem Richardson Schottky-Mechanismus und nachfolgendem Einfangen und Freisetzung nach dem Poole-Frenkel-Mechanismus erklärt.
    Notes: Polyblend films of poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) were prepared from solutions of the homopolymers. The steady-state electrical conduction was studied in the temperature range from 309 K to 450 K at the field strength of 0.75 to 46.5 · 106 V/m using different electrode materials. The charge transport is attributed to the injection of charge carriers from the electrode materials into the dielectric according to the Richardson-Schottky mechanism and their subsequent trapping and release according to the Poole-Frenkel mechanism.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1990.010411108
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simulations of the B-DNA molecular dynamics of d(CGCGAATTCGCG)2 and d(GCGCGCGCGC)2: An analysis of the role of initial geometry and a comparison of united and all-atom models (1990)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 29 (1990), S. 517-532 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Molecular dynamics simulations on the sequence d(CGCGAATTCGCG)2 have been carried out using both united atom and all-atom representations, and starting the simulations both from a regular repeating B-DNA structure and from the x-ray single crystal B-DNA structure. An all-atom B-DNA simulation on the sequence d(GCGCGCGCGC)2 has also been carried out, in order to compare it with a previous united atom simulation. The helix repeats, H-bonding, sugar pucker profiles, and average torsional angles are all in the range observed in crystallographic and nmr studies for B-DNA helices. In some of the sequences, there is a significant bend in the DNA helices. The individual helix repeats, with focus on 3′CpG5′ and 3′GpC5′ units, show the opposite helix repeat to that suggested by Calladine's rules.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360290307
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liquid crystalline properties of the copolyesters prepared from n-octylhydroquinone, resorcinol, and 1,4-bis(4-carboxyphenoxy) butane (1990)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 28 (1990), S. 2269-2274 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A series of copolyesters was prepared by the melt reaction of a mixture of n-octylhydroquinone and resorcinol in varying ratios with 1,4-bis(4-chloroformylphenoxy)butane. Resorcinol was used as a comonomer to study the effect of a nonmesogenic structural unit on the thermotropic properties of a main chain liquid crystalline polyester with a flexible spacer. The effect of a tetramethylene spacer was compared with that of a longer, decamethylene spacer, which was included in similar copolyesters reported earlier by us. The inclusion of resorcinol units in increasing amounts destroyed the ability of the copolyesters to crystallize, as expected, and the copolymer containing as low as 20 mol % resorcinol showed no melting transition on analysis by differential thermal analysis (DSC). In contrast, the ability to form a liquid crystalline phase persisted until at least 40 mol % resorcinol was present. As expected, the isotropization temperature and the enthalpy and entropy changes for isotropization decreased with increasing non-mesogenic comonomer content.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1990.080280904
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pitting of austenitic stainless steel clad metals (1990)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 41 (1990), S. 76-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Lochkorrosion von mit austenitischem nichtrostendem Stahl plattierten MetallenAufschweißungen aus austenitischen nichtrostenden Stählen mit unterschiedlichen Ferritgehalten (FN 4 und 12) wurden mittels Unterpulverschweißen unter Verwendung von Bandmaterial hergestellt. Anschließend wurde die Plattierung einiger Proben mittels WIG umgeschmolzen. Die Plattierungen wurden nach dem Schweißvorgang bei 600, 800 und 1000°C eine Stunde lang behandelt und dann die Lochkorrosionspotentiale in 1 N Schwefelsäure + 0,5 N NaCl gemessen. In der gleichen Lösung wurde auch bei den Lochkorrosionspotentialen gearbeitet, um die Lage der Korrosionsstellen zu ermitteln; im übrigen wurden auch Untersuchungen in 10%iger FeCl3-Lösung durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß zunehmender Ferritgehalt die Beständigkeit der Lochkorrosion verringert; die gleiche Wirkung hat Wärmebehandlung bei 800°C nach dem Schweißen, während die Behandlung bei 1000°C die Beständigkeit gegen Lochkorrosion an den Austenit/Ferrit-Grenzflächen verbessert. Die WIG-umgeschmolzenen Proben zeigten geringere Lochzahlen als die entsprechenden unterpulvergeschweißten Materialien.
    Notes: Austenitic stainless steel welds with different ferrite contents (4 and 12 FN) were obtained by the Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) strip cladding process, and some clads were remelted by TIG. The welds were post weld heat treated (PWHT) at 600, 800, 1000°C for 1 h. Pitting potentials were measured in 1 N H2SO4 + 0.5 N NaCl. Etching at the pitting potentials was carried out in the same solution in order to locate the pit sites; pitting studies were also conducted in 10% FeCl3 solution.The results showed that an increase in ferrite content decreases pitting resistance. PWHT at 800°C decreases pitting resistance, too, whereas PWHT at 1000°C results in increased pitting resistance at austenite/ferrite interfaces. TIG samples showed less pits than their SAW counterparts.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19900410207
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Ferrite content and weld heat input on the room temperature stress corrosion cracking resistance of austenitic clad metals (1990)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 41 (1990), S. 178-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Einfluß des Ferritgehalts und der Wärmeeinbringung beim Schweißen auf die Beständigkeit austenitischer Auftragswerkstoffe gegen Spannungsrißkorrosion bei RaumtemperaturAuftragsschweißungen aus austenitischen nichtrostenden Stählen mit unterschiedlichen Ferritgehalten (FN 2, 4, 10 und 12) wurden durch Unterpulveraufschweißen von Blechen erhalten. Um den Einfluß der Wärmeeinbringung zu ermitteln, wurden die Auftragsschweißungen vom Grundmaterial getrennt und mittels WIG umgeschmolzen. Das Verhalten gegen Spannungsrißkorrosion wurde unter Verwendung von gekerbten Zugproben in 5 N Schwefelsäure + 0,5 N NaCl bei Raumtemperatur untersucht. Als Kriterium für die relative Spannungsrißkorrosionanfälligkeit wurde die Belastung gewählt, die innerhalb von 100 h zum Bruch der Proben führte. Der Einfluß des kathodischen Schutzes wurde durch Kontakt der Proben mit Zink untersucht.Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß zunehmende Ferritgehalte die Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Spannungsrißkorrosion verringern, wobei das WIG-umgeschmolzene Material höhere Beständigkeit als das unterpulvergeschweißte aufweist. Kathodischer Schutz verbessert die Widerstandsfähigkeit aller Proben. Die Rißbildung ist bedingt durch verformungsunterstützte Ferritauflösung und durch Spannungsrißkorrosion im Austenit, die wiederum durch einen Tunnelmechanismus hervorgerufen wird.
    Notes: Austenitic stainless steel claddings with different ferrite contents (2, 4, 10, 12 FN) were obtained by the submerged are welding (SAW) strip cladding process. In order to study the effect of heat input the claddings were removed from the base plate and TIG remelted. Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) tests were carried out with notched tensile specimens in 5 N H2SO4 + 0.5 N NaCl at room temperature. A net-section stress required to break the specimen in 100 hours was taken as a criterion of relative SCC susceptibility. The effect of cathodic protection was studied by coupling the specimens with zinc.The results showed that increasing ferrite content decreases SCC resistance. TIG remelted material exhibited better SCC resistance than the SAW specimens. Cathodic protection improves the SCC resistance of all the specimens. Cracking was found to be due to strain-assisted ferrite dissolution and SCC in austenite. SCC in austenite was due to tunnelling mechanism.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19900410405
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer modeling studies of ribonuclease T1-guanosine monophosphate complexes (1990)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 30 (1990), S. 257-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The three-dimensional structures of ribonuclease (RNase) T1 complexes with the inhibitors 2′-guanylic acid (2′-GMP), 3′-guanylic acid (3′-GMP), and 5′-guanylic acid (5′-GMP) were predicted by energy minimization studies. It is shown that these inhibitors can bind to RNase T1 in either of the ribose puckered conformations (C2′-endo and C3′-endo) in solid state and exist in significant amounts in both forms in solution. These studies are in agreement with the x-ray crystallographic studies of the 2′-GMP-Lys25-RNase T1 complex, where the inhibitor binds in C2′-endo puckered conformation. These results are also in good agreement with the available 1H-nmr results of Inagaki et al. [(1985) Biochemistry 24, 1013-1020], but differ from their conclusions where the authors favor only the C3′-endo ribose conformation for all the three inhibitors. The calculations explain the apparent discrepancies in the conclusions drawn by x-ray crystallographic and spectroscopic studies. An extensive hydrogen-bonding scheme was predicted in all the three complexes. The hydrogen-bonding scheme predicted for the 2′-GMP (C2′-endo)-RNase T1 complex agrees well with those reported from x-ray crystallographic studies. In all three complexes the base and the phosphate bind in nearly identical sites independent of the position of the phosphate or the ribose pucker. The glycosyl torsion angle favors a value in the +syn range in the 2′-GMP(C2′-endo)-RNase T1, 3′-GMP(C2′-endo)-RNase T1, and 3′-GMP(C3′-endo)-RNase T1 complexes; in the high-synrange in the 2′-GMP(C3′-endo)-RNase T1 complex; and in the -syn range in the 5′-GMP(C2′-endo)-RNase T1, and 5′-GMP(C3′-endo)-RNase T1 complexes. These results are in agreement with experimental studies showing that the inhibitory power decreases in the order 2′-GMP 〉 3′-GMP 〉 5′-GMP, and they also explain the high pKa value observed for Glu58 in the 2′-GMP-RNase T1 complex.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360300304
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Free energy calculation on base specificity of drug - DNA interactions: Application to daunomycin and acridine intercalation into DNA (1990)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 29 (1990), S. 717-727 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present the results of free energy perturbation/molecular dynamics studies on B-DNA · daunomycin and B-DNA · 9-aminoacridine complexes as well as on B-DNA itself in order to calculate the free energy differences between complexes having different base pair sequences. The results generally reproduce the trends observed experimentally, i.e., preferences of acridine and daunomycin to bind to a specific base sequence in the DNA. This is encouraging, given the simplicity of the molecular mechanical/dynamical model in which solvent is not explicitly included.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360290406
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spermine induces the B-Z transition of poly (dG-dC) in 5% ethanol and dioxane (1990)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 29 (1990), S. 1495-1497 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360291016
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer-simulated ESR spectra of irradiated poly(olefin oxides) - effect of glass transition temperature on the ESR spectra (1990)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 28 (1990), S. 133-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Investigations on the effects of γ irradiation on poly(methylene oxide) (POM) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) have been made employing electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The ESR sextet and doublet spectra, recorded for POM and PEO, respectively, on irradition in air at room temperature are broadened as the temperature is lowered and show a reversible change in line shape with temperature. The spectra are analyzed by computer simulation, employing Lorentzian line-shape functions and the least-squares method of total curve fitting. The component spectra are evaluated and are assigned. Superposition of the component quartet, triplet, and doublet spectra, corresponding to the radicals ĊH3, ĊH2O , and OĊHO , respectively, together with a singlet due to the radicals ȮCH2 is considered to be the best fit to the observed spectrum for POM. The doublet spectrum recorded for PEO has been assigned to the radicals ĊHO . The reversible broadening of the spectra has been associated with the mechanism of molecular motions around the glass transition temperatures of these polymers.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1990.090280202
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of mannich bases from cardbisphenolRRL(H) Communication No. 2243. (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 39 (1990), S. 1993-2004 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Water-soluble Mannich bases were synthesized from cardbisphenol by Mannich reaction and were characterized by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopic methods. The effect of electrodeposition parameters on the film formation from binders and from the pigmented composition were studied. The polymers gave uniform coatings with good mechanical properties and the pigmented systems exhibited high resistance to organic solvents and excellent corrosion resistance properties.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1990.070390915
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