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  • 1
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    Expression of T cell antigen receptor heterodimers in a lipid-linked form (1990)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-08-10
    Description: The interaction of the T cell receptor for antigen (TCR) with its antigen-major histocompatibility complex ligand is difficult to study because both are cell surface multimers. The TCR consists of two chains (alpha and beta) that are complexed to the five or more nonpolymorphic CD3 polypeptides. A soluble form of the TCR was engineered by replacing the carboxyl termini of alpha and beta with signal sequences from lipid-linked proteins, making them susceptible to enzymatic cleavage. In this manner, TCR heterodimers can be expressed independently of the CD3 polypeptides and in significant quantities (0.5 milligram per week). This technique seems generalizable to biochemical and structural studies of many other cell surface molecules as well.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lin, A Y -- Devaux, B -- Green, A -- Sagerstrom, C -- Elliott, J F -- Davis, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Aug 10;249(4969):677-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5402.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1696397" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alkaline Phosphatase/genetics ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, CD3 ; Antigens, CD55 ; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/genetics ; Cell Line ; Complement Inactivator Proteins/genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Macromolecular Substances ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Placenta/enzymology ; Pregnancy ; Protein Sorting Signals/genetics ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Smokers: black and white (1990)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-07-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schneiderman, M -- Davis, D L -- Wagener, D K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Jul 20;249(4966):228-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2374921" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: African Americans ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/mortality ; Male ; Prevalence ; Smoking/*epidemiology ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    A receptor for tumor necrosis factor defines an unusual family of cellular and viral proteins (1990)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-05-25
    Description: Tumor necrosis factor alpha and beta (TNF-alpha and TNF-beta) bind surface receptors on a variety of cell types to mediate a wide range of immunological responses, inflammatory reactions, and anti-tumor effects. A cDNA clone encoding an integral membrane protein of 461 amino acids was isolated from a human lung fibroblast library by direct expression screening with radiolabeled TNF-alpha. The encoded receptor was also able to bind TNF-beta. The predicted cysteine-rich extracellular domain has extensive sequence similarity with five proteins, including nerve growth factor receptor and a transcriptionally active open reading frame from Shope fibroma virus, and thus defines a family of receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, C A -- Davis, T -- Anderson, D -- Solam, L -- Beckmann, M P -- Jerzy, R -- Dower, S K -- Cosman, D -- Goodwin, R G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 May 25;248(4958):1019-23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Immunex Corporation, Seattle, WA 98101.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2160731" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Blotting, Northern ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multigene Family ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*genetics ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    The human genome and other initiatives (1990)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-07-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davis, B D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Jul 27;249(4967):342-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2377887" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; *Human Genome Project/economics ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    NASCAP/LEO calculations of current collection (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: NASCAP/LEO is a 3-dimensional computer code for calculating the interaction of a high-voltage spacecraft with the cold dense plasma found in Low Earth Orbit. Although based on a cubic grid structure, NASCAP/LEO accepts object definition input from standard computer aided design (CAD) programs so that a model may be correctly proportioned and important features resolved. The potential around the model is calculated by solving the finite element formulation of Poisson's equation with an analytic space charge function. Five previously published NASCAP/LEO calculations for three ground test experiments and two space flight experiments are presented. The three ground test experiments are a large simulated panel, a simulated pinhole, and a 2-slit experiment with overlapping sheaths. The two space flight experiments are a solar panel biased up to 1000 volts, and a rocket-mounted sphere biased up to 46 kilovolts. In all cases, the authors find good agreement between calculation and measurement.
    Keywords: PLASMA PHYSICS
    Type: NASA, Marshall Space Flight Center, Current Collection from Space Plasmas; p 334-351
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Physical processes associated with current collection by plasma contactors (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Recent flight data confirms laboratory observations that the release of neutral gas increases plasma sheath currents. Plasma contactors are devices which release a partially ionized gas in order to enhance the current flow between a spacecraft and the space plasma. Ionization of the expellant gas and the formation of a double layer between the anode plasma and the space plasma are the dominant physical processes. A theory is presented of the interaction between the contactor plasma and the background plasma. The conditions for formation of a double layer between the two plasmas are derived. Double layer formation is shown to be a consequence of the nonlinear response of the plasmas to changes in potential. Numerical calculations based upon this model are compared with laboratory measurements of current collection by hollow cathode-based plasma contactors.
    Keywords: PLASMA PHYSICS
    Type: NASA, Marshall Space Flight Center, Current Collection from Space Plasmas; p 190-200
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Debris/Ice/TPS Assessment and Photographic Analysis for Shuttle Mission STS-41 (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A Debris/Ice/Thermal Protection System (TPS) assessment and photographic analysis was conducted for Space Shuttle Mission STS-41. Debris inspections of the flight elements and launch pad were performed before and after launch. Ice/frost conditions on the External Tank were assessed by the use of computer programs, nomographs, and infrared scanner data during cryogenic loading of the vehicle followed by on-pad visual inspection. High speed photography was analyzed after launch to identify ice/debris sources and evaluate potential vehicle damage and/or in-flight anomalies. Documented here are the debris/ice/TPS conditions and photographic analysis of Mission STS-41, and their overall effect on the Space Shuttle Program.
    Keywords: SPACE TRANSPORTATION
    Type: NASA-TM-103814 , NAS 1.15:103814
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Plasma contactor modeling with NASCAP/LEO - Extending laboratory results to space systems (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: In the laboratory, hollow cathode-based plasma contactors have been observed to both emit and collect ampere-level electron currents with low impedance. The laboratory behavior of hollow cathode-based plasma contactors and the limited space experience with hollow cathodes suggest that, for many applications, a hollow cathode-based plasma contactor is the ideal device to provide electrical connection with the space plasma. In order to confidently extend the laboratory experience to the low-earth-orbit environment, a series of plasma contactor computer models has been developed. Calculations show that a hollow cathode plasma contactor that collects 0.5 A in the laboratory will only collect 2.4 mA in space. The simplest way to boost the collected current is to increase the gas flow. A mole of gas is enough to collect ampere level currents for 5-1/2 hours.
    Keywords: PLASMA PHYSICS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 90-0726
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Debris/ice/TPS assessment and photographic analysis for shuttle mission STS-31R (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A Debris/Ice/Thermal Protection System (TPS) assessment and photographic analysis was conducted for Space Shuttle Mission STS-31R. Debris inspections of the flight elements and launch pad are performed before and after launch. Ice/frost conditions on the External Tank are assessed by the use of computer programs, nomographs, and infrared scanner data during cryogenic loading of the vehicle followed by on-pad visual inspection. High speed photography is analyzed after launch to identify ice/debris sources and evaluate potential vehicle damage and/or in-flight anomalies. The debris/ice/TPS conditions and photographic analysis of Mission STS-31R, is presented along with their overall effect on the Space Shuttle Program.
    Keywords: SPACE TRANSPORTATION
    Type: NASA-TM-102790 , NAS 1.15:102790
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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