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  • Humans  (4)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (3)
  • Launch Vehicles and Launch Operations
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (7)
  • 1940-1944
  • 1930-1934
  • 1990  (7)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Management of polyamine pools and the regulation of ornithine decarboxylase (1990)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 44 (1990), S. 199-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: polyamine synthesis ; polyamine transport ; ornithine decarboxylase control ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The management of polyamine synthesis and polyamine pools differs fundamentally from that of most other small molecular-weight endproducts. The polyamines are vital to growth and important cellular functions, but they are toxic in excess. I argue here that their multivalent cationic character, leading to binding to cell constituents, precludes fluent feedback inhibition of synthesis. This has led to the development of elaborate alternative regulatory mechanisms controlling ornithine decarboxylase, the key initial enzyme of the pathway. Poorly regulated polyamine synthesis and the toxicity of polyamines impose upon cells a need to control uptake and to dispose of excess polyamines. Recent data on polyamine transport suggest unorthodox mechanisms of accomplishing these functions.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240440402
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Altered expression of keratin and vimentin in human retinal pigment epithelial cells in vivo and in vitro (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 145 (1990), S. 187-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Actively proliferating human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells grown in tissue culture possess keratin-containing intermediate filaments that react with a combination of AE1 and AE3 anti-keratin monoclonal antibodies. Antibody reactivity is lost, however, from RPE cells as the cell population ceases to proliferate when it approaches confluence and attains morphological characteristics more similar to those in vivo. In contrast, clone 8.13 anti-keratin antibody stains all cells in the culture at all stages of the growth cycle and cell densities. These findings were reflected in vivo using retinal pigment epithelium taken directly from the eye. Normal non-proliferating RPE cells bound 8.13 antibody to cytoskeletal structures, as judged by indirect immunofluorescence, but did not bind AE1/AE3 antibodies. However, proliferating dedifferentiated RPE cells from the vitreous humor of patients with proliferative vitreoretinopathy possess filaments that bind both AE1/AE3 and 8.13 antibodies. Thus it appears that structures detected by AE1/AE3 antibodies only occur in actively growing RPE cells in vitro and in vivo. Keratins produced by RPE cells were identified using Western blotting. Species with molecular masses of 54 (keratin 7), 52 (keratin 8), 42 (keratin 18), and 40 (keratin 19) kiloDaltons were the most abundant in proliferating cultured cells, but cells isolated directly from the eye were found to lack keratin 7 and 19. Keratin 19 was, however, observed in proliferating RPE cells from some patients with proliferative vitreoretinopathy. The latter findings explain the differential staining observed with AE1/AE3 antibodies in cells in culture and isolated directly from the eye since these antibodies interact primarily with keratin 19 which is absent from non-proliferating RPE cells. In contrast to the presence of keratin-containing intermediate filaments in human RPE cells in vivo, there are apparently no detectable vimentin-containing cytoskeletal structures. However, all RPE cells cultured in vitro develop filaments composed of vimentin which persist in cells that have reached confluence.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041450202
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of late endosome-lysosome fusion: Studies on the mechanism by which isotonic-K+ buffers alter intracellular ligand movement (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 145 (1990), S. 522-530 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Incubation of alveolar macrophages or hepatocytes in media in which Na+ is replaced by K+ (‘isotonic-K buffer’) inhibited the movement of internalized ligand from late endosomes to lysosomes (Ward et al.: journal of Cell Biology 110:1013-1022, 1990). In this study we investigate the mechanism responsible for the isotonic-K+ block in movement of ligand from late endosomes to lysosomes. We observed that iso-K+ inhibition of endosome-lysosome fusion is not unique to alveolar macrophages or hepatocytes but can be seen in a variety of cell types including J774 and Hela cells. The inhibition in intracellular ligand movement was time dependent with the maximum change occurring after 60 minutes. Once established the inhibition resulted in a prolonged and apparently permanent decrease in vesicle movement. Cells were able to recover from the effects of iso-K+ buffers over a time course of 5-10 minutes when placed back in Na+-containing media. The effect of iso-K+ buffers was independent of intracel-lular pH changes and appeared to involve cell swelling. When cells were incubated in iso-K+ buffers under conditions in which cell volume changes were reduced, intracellular ligand movement approached normal levels. Such conditions included replacing Cl- with the less permeant anion gluconate, and by addition of sucrose to isotonic-K+ buffers. Analysis of the mechanism by which changes in cell volume could alter intracellular movement ruled out changes in cyclic nucleotides. Ca2+, or microtubules. These results suggest that changes in cell shape or volume can alter intracellular transport systems by novel routes.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041450319
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  • 4
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    Expression of T cell antigen receptor heterodimers in a lipid-linked form (1990)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-08-10
    Description: The interaction of the T cell receptor for antigen (TCR) with its antigen-major histocompatibility complex ligand is difficult to study because both are cell surface multimers. The TCR consists of two chains (alpha and beta) that are complexed to the five or more nonpolymorphic CD3 polypeptides. A soluble form of the TCR was engineered by replacing the carboxyl termini of alpha and beta with signal sequences from lipid-linked proteins, making them susceptible to enzymatic cleavage. In this manner, TCR heterodimers can be expressed independently of the CD3 polypeptides and in significant quantities (0.5 milligram per week). This technique seems generalizable to biochemical and structural studies of many other cell surface molecules as well.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lin, A Y -- Devaux, B -- Green, A -- Sagerstrom, C -- Elliott, J F -- Davis, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Aug 10;249(4969):677-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5402.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1696397" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alkaline Phosphatase/genetics ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, CD3 ; Antigens, CD55 ; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/genetics ; Cell Line ; Complement Inactivator Proteins/genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Macromolecular Substances ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Placenta/enzymology ; Pregnancy ; Protein Sorting Signals/genetics ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Smokers: black and white (1990)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-07-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schneiderman, M -- Davis, D L -- Wagener, D K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Jul 20;249(4966):228-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2374921" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: African Americans ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/mortality ; Male ; Prevalence ; Smoking/*epidemiology ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    A receptor for tumor necrosis factor defines an unusual family of cellular and viral proteins (1990)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-05-25
    Description: Tumor necrosis factor alpha and beta (TNF-alpha and TNF-beta) bind surface receptors on a variety of cell types to mediate a wide range of immunological responses, inflammatory reactions, and anti-tumor effects. A cDNA clone encoding an integral membrane protein of 461 amino acids was isolated from a human lung fibroblast library by direct expression screening with radiolabeled TNF-alpha. The encoded receptor was also able to bind TNF-beta. The predicted cysteine-rich extracellular domain has extensive sequence similarity with five proteins, including nerve growth factor receptor and a transcriptionally active open reading frame from Shope fibroma virus, and thus defines a family of receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, C A -- Davis, T -- Anderson, D -- Solam, L -- Beckmann, M P -- Jerzy, R -- Dower, S K -- Cosman, D -- Goodwin, R G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 May 25;248(4958):1019-23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Immunex Corporation, Seattle, WA 98101.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2160731" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Blotting, Northern ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multigene Family ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*genetics ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    The human genome and other initiatives (1990)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-07-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davis, B D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Jul 27;249(4967):342-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2377887" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; *Human Genome Project/economics ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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