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  • biological control
  • Springer  (5)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • 2015-2019
  • 1990-1994  (5)
  • 1990  (5)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (5)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
Years
  • 2015-2019
  • 1990-1994  (5)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ visualization of the biocontrol rhizobacterium Enterobacter cloacae with bioluminescence (1990)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 125 (1990), S. 233-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: biological control ; bioluminescence ; Enterobacter cloacae ; lettuce ; Pythium ultimum ; rhizosphere
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Plasmid pUCD607 was mobilized into the biocontrol agent Enterobacter cloacae strain E6 by conjugation and the resultant strain, E6(pUCD607), was bioluminescent. Biocontrol of Pythium ultimum by E6(pUCD607) was similar to that of the parent strain, E6. The location of E6(pUCD607) in the soil and in the rhizosphere of lettuce was readily determined by pressing agar medium against plant roots in a root box, allowing the bacteria to grow overnight on the medium, and detecting the presence of bioluminescence by autophotography. There was a positive, linear correlation between population sizes determined by dilution plating and the quantity of light emitted due to bioluminescence. However, both the intercept and slope of this line varied among experiments possibly due to the differing physiological states of cells recovered from soils. The amount of light emitted by the bioluminescent strain E6(pUCD607) was not quantitative. This technique is useful for qualitative determinations of populations and for photographically locating bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00010661
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biological control of water lettuce,Pistia stratiotes [Araceae] byNeohydronomus affinis [Coleoptera: Curculionidae] (1990)
    Springer
    BioControl 35 (1990), S. 363-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: biological control ; Pistia stratiotes ; Neohydronomus affinis ; water lettuce ; host specificity ; lutte biologique ; Pistia stratiotes ; Neohydronomus affinis ; laitue d'eau ; spécificité vis-à-vis de l'hôte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Neohydronomus affinis a été introduit en Australie comme agent de lutte biologique potentiel contre la laitue d'eau,Pistia stratiotes. Les études en quarantaine ont démontré que ce coléopètre était spécifique deP. stratiotes et il a été libéré dans les champs en 1982. En conséquence, il a été lâché comme agent de lutte contre cette mauvaise herbe dans plusieurs autres pays. En AustralieN. affinis réduit les infestations deP. stratiotes de 40% ou plus en l'espace de 12 à 18 mois. Les résultats sont discutés en fonction de son efficacité dans d'autres parties du monde. Nous concluons queN. affinis contrôle effectivementP. stratiotes dans les régions tropicales (à la latitude 22°), mais dans les régions plus froides son efficacité fluctue avec les conditions saisonnières.
    Notes: Abstract Neohydronomus affinis was imported into Australia as a potential biological control agent for the floating aquatic weedPistia stratiotes. Quarantine studies demonstrated that this weevil was host specific toP. stratiotes and it was released into the field in 1982. Subsequently it was released as a control agent for this weed in several other countries. In AustraliaN. affinis reduced infestations ofP. stratiotes by 40% or more within 12–18 months. The results are discussed in relation to its effectiveness in other parts of the world. We concluded thatN. affinis effectively controlsP. stratiotes in tropical regions (to lat. 22°), but in cooler regions its effectiveness fluctuates with seasonal conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02375260
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A variable-response model for parasitoid foraging behavior (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 3 (1990), S. 471-490 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: parasitoids ; foraging behavior ; learning ; experience ; variability ; model ; biological control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An important factor inducing variability in foraging behavior in parasitic wasps is experience gained by the insect. Together with the insect's genetic constitution and physiological state, experience ultimately defines the behavioral repertoire under specified environmental circumstances. We present a conceptual variable-response model based on several major observations of a foraging parasitoid's responses to stimuli involved in the hostfinding process. These major observations are that (1) different stimuli evoke different responses or levels of response, (2) strong responses are less variable than weak ones, (3) learning can change response levels, (4) learning increases originally low responses more than originally high responses, and (5) hostderived stimuli serve as rewards in associative learning of other stimuli. The model specifies how the intrinsic variability of a response will depend on the magnitude of the response and predicts when and how learning will modify the insect's behavior. Additional hypotheses related to the model concern how experience with a stimulus modifies behavioral responses to other stimuli, how animals respond in multistimulus situations, which stimuli act to reinforce behavioral responses to other stimuli in the learning process, and finally, how generalist and specialist species differ in their behavioral plasticity. We postulate that insight into behavioral variability in the foraging behavior of natural enemies may be a help, if not a prerequisite, for the efficient application of parasitoids in pest management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01052012
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Potential of adultOrius insidiosus [Hemiptera: Anthocoridae] as a predator of the fall armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda [Lepidoptera: Noctuidae] (1990)
    Springer
    BioControl 35 (1990), S. 269-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Orius insidiosus ; Spodoptera frugiperda ; biological control ; predation ; functional response ; Orius insidiosus ; Spodoptera frugiperda ; lutte biologique ; prédation ; réponse fonctionnelle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé On a observé que les adultes d'O. insidiosus mangeaient les œufs et les stades les plus jeunes de la chenille «légionnaire»Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith). Il y avait significativement plus de larves néonates tuées en 24 h que de larves âgées de 1, 2 ou 3 jours. Les prédateurs mâles et femelles ont montré une réponse fonctionnelle de type II lorsqu'ils se nourrissaient sur des densités variées d'œufs et de larves néonates de la chenille «légionnaire».
    Notes: Abstract Orius insidiosus (Say) was observed to successfully prey on eggs and earlier instar larvae of the fall armyworm (FAW),Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith). Significantly more neonates of FAW were killed per 24 h than either 1, 2 or 3 d old larvae. Female and male predators exhibited a typical type-II functional response when preying on varying densities of eggs or neonates of FAW.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374802
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution and abundance ofErynniopsis antennata [Dipt.: Tachinidae] andTetrastichus brevistigma [Hym.: eulophidae], two introduced elm leaf beetle parasitoids in Northern California (1990)
    Springer
    BioControl 35 (1990), S. 527-536 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: insecta ; Xanthogaleruca luteola ; Erynniopsis antennata ; Tetrastichus brevistigma ; Tetrastichus erynniae ; biological control ; Insect ; Xanthogaleruca luteola ; Erynniopsis antennata ; Tetrastichus brevistigma ; Tetrastichus erynniae ; lutte biologique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Erynniopsis antennata (Rondani), parasitoïde larvaire introduit de la galéruque de l'orme,Xanthogaleruca luteola (Müller), a été trouvé dans 11 des 12 villes de Californie du nord où des échantillonnages surUlmus procera Salisbury etUlmus pumilla L. ont été effectués en 1986 et/ou 1987. Le parasitisme apparent maximum fut supérieur à 40 % dans 4 des localités, mais le parasitisme moyen pour l'ensemble des sites fut de 4.5 %. Un parasitoïde des nymphes, également introduit,Tetrastichus brevistigma Gahan, a été trouvé dans 7 villes seulement, avec un taux de parasitisme apparent moyen et maximum de 1.2 et 22 % respectivement.E. antennata peut être utile pour la gestion des populations de galéruques de l'orme, mais une connaissance approfondie de sa biologie et de meilleures méthodes d'échantillonnage sont nécessaires.
    Notes: Abstract Erynniopsis antennata (Rondani), an introduced larval and larval-adult parasitoid of the elm leaf beetle (ELB),Xanthogaleruca luteola (Müller), was found in 11 of 12 northern California cities whereUlmus procera Salisbury andUlmus pumila L. were sampled in 1986 and/or 1987. Maximum apparent parasitism was over 40% in 4 of the cities, but mean parasitism for all sites combined was 4.5%. An introduced pupal parasitoid,Tetrastichus brevistigma Gahan, was found in only 7 cities, with mean and maximum apparent parasitism of 1.2 and 22%, respectively.E. antennata may be of value in managing ELB populations, but more knowledge of its biology and improved sampling methods are required.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02375087
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