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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Population growth of a gorgonian coral: equilibrium and non-equilibrium sensitivity to changes in life history variables (1991)
    Springer
    Oecologia 86 (1991), S. 503-509 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A size dependent model of population growth of the Caribbean gorgonian Plexaura A is developed based on observed rates of survival, growth and colony fragmentation at a site in the San Blas Islands, Panama. Sensitivity and elasticity analyses indicate that the fate of large colonies has the greatest effect on population growth. Variables which directly affect the generation of large colonies have the next greatest effect on population growth. These variables include the recruitment of large fragments, and the survivorship of colonies in the next smaller size class. Sexual reproduction has an extremely limited ability to affect population growth. Vegetative reproduction has a greater potential effect on growth rates. Environmental conditions regularly change the matrix of transition probabilities which predicts population growth. This keeps the population from approaching its stable size class distribution. Deviations from the stable size class distribution alter sensitivity and elasticity and in this case have the effect of increasing the importance of survivorship of the smallest colonies. Nonequilibrium conditions alter sensitivity analyses and it is important to assess whether populations are at equilibrium and to determine the effects of such deviations on the sensitivity analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318316
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Systemically wound-responsive genes in poplar trees encode proteins similar to sweet potato sporamins and legume Kunitz trypsin inhibitors (1990)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 14 (1990), S. 51-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: cDNA cloning ; genomic cloning ; plant defense ; Populus ; proteinase inhibitor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract When the lower leaves of hybrid poplar trees are mechanically wounded, several novel mRNAs accumulate in the unwounded upper leaves (Parsons TJ, Bradshaw HD, Gordon MP: Systemic accumulation of specific mRNAs in response to wounding in poplar trees, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, in press). A partial cDNA clone corresponding to a transcript from the wound-responsive gene designated win 3 (wound-inducible) has been cloned by differential hybridization to 32P-labelled cDNA from the leaves of wounded trees. Northern blots show a large accumulation of win 3 transcripts in the unwounded leaves of wounded trees. Southern blot analysis of poplar DNA suggests that win 3 is a member of a multigene family. The nucleotide sequences of several win 3 cDNA clones have been determined, indicating that at least three win 3 gene family members are transcribed. A genomic clone of a win 3 gene family member has been isolated and a 1.5 kb Hind III fragment containing the predicted protein-coding and 5′ upstream regions has been sequenced. The putative win 3 gene product is similar to the major soluble proteins of sweet potato tubers, sporamin A and sporamin B. Both Win3 and the sporamins share significant amino acid sequence identity with Kunitz-type trypsin inhibitors from legume seeds. The Kunitz family of proteinase inhibitors thus joins three other proteinase inhibitor families which are systemically responsive to wounding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00015654
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Populus chitinase genes: structure, organization, and similarity of translated sequences to herbaceous plant chitinases (1991)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 17 (1991), S. 631-639 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: cottonwood ; gene family ; phylogeny ; systemic response ; wounding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Poplar trees have at least two different chitinase genes, win6 and win8, which are systemically wound-inducible and belong to multigene families [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: 7895–7899]. On one genomic clone that we have partially sequenced, there are three win6 genes which are transcriptionally oriented in the same direction. Between two of the win6 genes is a gene that we have designated chitinase X (chiX), which appears to be a pseudogene belonging to a multigene family distinct from win6 and win8. The win6 and chiX genes we have sequenced contain two AT-rich introns that correspond in location to those in a basic chitinase gene from tobacco. The predicted Win6 proteins have a putative signal peptide, a cysteine-rich ‘hevein’ domain, a hinge region, and a catalytic domain as described in Shinshi et al. [Plant Mol Biol 14: 357–368]. The predicted Win8 protein, by contrast, completely lacks a hinge region. Both Win6 and Win8 are expected to be highly acidic (with a calculated net charge of −15 to −17), whereas ChiX proteins are likely to be basic. Based on an inferred phylogeny, the catalytic domain of ChiX is more closely related to the basic chitinases of herbaceous plants than are either Win6 or Win8.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00037049
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural immunolocalization of actin in a fungus (1991)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 163 (1991), S. 199-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Actin ; Freeze substitution ; Fungi ; Hyphal tip ; Immunocytochemistry ; Magnaporthe grisea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have successfully localized fungal actin for the first time using immuno-electron microscopy and hyphal tips of the rice blast pathogenMagnaporthe grisea. Following ultrarapid freezing, samples were processed in a novel substitution fluid of 10% acrolein in anhydrous ethanol and embedded in LR White resin. A monoclonal anti-actin antibody, previously shown to recognizeM. grisea actin, bound specifically to filasomes concentrated in the peripheral cytoplasm of subapical regions, and to the core-region of the Spitzenkörper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01323344
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patterns of parental reaction to student grades (1991)
    Springer
    Higher education 22 (1991), S. 31-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-174X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Factor analysis of questionnaire responses produced by over 6,000 individuals revealed parental reactions to good and bad grades grouped themselves into five categories: (1) Grades are important to me; bad ones lead to negative consequences; (2) Good grades are important to me, but I will support you regardless of grade; (3) Bad grades make me mad; (4) Do your best, but there is more to life than grades; and (5) Grades are important; you will know how I feel on the basis of a joking comment. When these patterns were related to reports of specific student actions in college, such as getting good grades, dropping a course, or cheating on an examination, results indicated only a few significant negative correlations, and only for students whose parents reacted to bad grades in a negative emotional way; i.e., in terms of categories 1 and 3. More benign reactions - categories 2, 4, and 5 - did not correlate either positively or negatively with student actions or grades. Results were taken to suggest that parental reactions to grades are not only attempts at changing student behavior but also may be viewed as emotional responses expressing personal needs and values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02351198
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A portable multi-flash kinetic fluorimeter for measurement of donor and acceptor reactions of Photosystem 2 in leaves of intact plants under field conditions (1990)
    Springer
    Photosynthesis research 26 (1990), S. 181-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5079
    Keywords: Kinetic Fluorimeter ; PS 2 ; two electron gate ; oxygen evolving complex ; S-states ; intact leaves
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A newly-developed field-portable multi-flash kinetic fluorimeter for measuring the kinetics of the microsecond to millisecond reactions of the oxidizing and reducing sides of photosystem 2 in leaves of intact plants is described and demonstrated. The instrumental technique is a refinement of that employed in the ‘double-flash’ kinetic fluorimeter (Joliot 1974 Biochim Biophys Acta 357: 439–448) where a low-intensity short-duration light pulse is used to measure the fluorescence yield changes following saturating single-turnover light pulses. The present instrument uses a rapid series of short-duration (2 μs) pulses to resolve a complete microsecond to millisecond time-scale kinetic trace of fluorescence yield changes after each actinic flash. Differential optics, using a matrix of optical fibers, allow very high sensitivity (noise levels about 0.05% Fmax) thus eliminating the need for signal averaging, and greatly reducing the intensity of light required to make a measurement. Consequently, the measuring pulses have much less actinic effect and an entire multi-point trace (seven points) excites less than 1% of the reaction centers in a leaf. In addition, bu combining the actinic and measuring pulse light in the optical fiber network, the tail of the actinic flash can be compensated for, allowing measurements of events as rapidly as 20 μs after the actinic flash. This resolution makes practical the routine measurement of the microsecond turnover kinetics of the oxygen evolving complex in leaves of intact plants in the field. The instrument is demonstrated by observing flash number dependency and inhibitor sensitivity of the induction and decay kinetics of flash-induced fluorescence transients in leaves of intact plants. From these traces the period-two oscillations associated with the turnover of the two-electron gate and the period-four oscillations associated with the turnover of the oxygen evolving complex can be observed. Applications of the instrument to extending our knowledge of chloroplast function to the whole plant, the effects on plants of environmental stress, herbicides, etc, and possible applications to screening of mutants are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00033131
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solar surface velocity fields determined from small magnetic features (1990)
    Springer
    Solar physics 130 (1990), S. 295-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We describe a method for the analysis of magnetic data taken daily at the Vacuum Telescope at Kitt Peak. In this technique, accurate position differences of very small magnetic features on the solar surface outside active regions are determined from one day to the next by a cross-correlation analysis. In order to minimize systematic errors, a number of corrections are applied to the data for effects originating in the instrument and in the Earth's atmosphere. The resulting maps of solar latitude vs central meridian distance are cross-correlated from one day to the next to determine daily motions in longitude and latitude. Some examples of rotation and meridional motion results are presented. For the months of May 1988 and October–November 1987, we find rotation coefficients A = 2.894 ± 0.011, B = - 0.428 ± 0.070, and C = -0.370 ± 0.077 in μrad s−1 from the expansion ω = A + B sin2φ + C sin4φ, where φ is the latitude. The differential rotation curve for this interval is essentially flat within 20 deg of the equator in these intervals. For the same intervals we find a poleward meridional motion a = 16.0 ± 2.8 m sec -1 from the relation v = a sinφ, where v is the line-of-sight velocity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00156795
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  • 8
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    Antiproton-proton annihilation at rest intoπ + π − η ′ andπ + π − η from atomicS andP states (1990)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0170-9739
    Electronic ISSN: 1431-5858
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 9
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    Antiproton-proton annihilation at rest in H2 gas into π+ π− π0 (1990)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0170-9739
    Electronic ISSN: 1431-5858
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    Antiproton-proton annihilation at rest in H2 gas into π+ π− π0 (1990)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0170-9739
    Electronic ISSN: 1431-5858
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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