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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (234)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (166)
  • ASTROPHYSICS  (156)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (142)
  • Humans  (100)
  • Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
  • SPACE SCIENCES
  • 1985-1989  (659)
  • 1989  (659)
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  • 1985-1989  (659)
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  • 1
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    Neurotoxicity of a fragment of the amyloid precursor associated with Alzheimer's disease (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-07-28
    Description: Amyloid deposition in senile plaques and the cerebral vasculature is a marker of Alzheimer's disease. Whether amyloid itself contributes to the neurodegenerative process or is simply a by-product of that process is unknown. Pheochromocytoma (PC12) and fibroblast (NIH 3T3) cell lines were transfected with portions of the gene for the human amyloid precursor protein. Stable PC12 cell transfectants expressing a specific amyloid-containing fragment of the precursor protein gradually degenerated when induced to differentiate into neuronal cells with nerve growth factor. Conditioned medium from these cells was toxic to neurons in primary hippocampal cultures, and the toxic agent could be removed by immunoabsorption with an antibody directed against the amyloid polypeptide. Thus, a peptide derived from the amyloid precursor may be neurotoxic.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yankner, B A -- Dawes, L R -- Fisher, S -- Villa-Komaroff, L -- Oster-Granite, M L -- Neve, R L -- HD 18655/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD 18658/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NS 01240/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jul 28;245(4916):417-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2474201" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*etiology/pathology ; Amyloid/genetics/*physiology ; Blotting, Northern ; Cell Line ; Fibroblasts ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Immunoblotting ; Neurons/pathology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Pheochromocytoma ; Protein Precursors/genetics/*physiology ; RNA/analysis/genetics ; Restriction Mapping ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of local controlled release of sodium fluoride on the stimulation of bone growth (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 23 (1989), S. 571-589 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: This study was performed to test the feasibility of using a biodegradable delivery system for the local controlled release of sodium fluoride as a mechanism for the stimulation of local bone growth. Sodium fluoride grains were mixed with poly-DL-lactic acid (PLA), and the mixture was then dissolved in acetone. After driving off the solvent, sheets of this material were rolled into rods 3.2 mm in diameter and 28.6 mm long. These were inserted into the intramedullary canals of the right femora of adult New Zealand White rabbits. A sham implant, made the same way but containing no fluoride, was inserted into the contralateral left leg. The effects of three different concentrations of sodium fluoride, 0.125 g NaF/g PLA, 0.250 g NaF/g PLA, and 0.500 g NaF/g PLA, were determined after a 4-week implantation period. In a second set of experiments, the concentration was fixed at 0.500 g NaF/g PLA with implantation durations of 4, 8, and 16 weeks. Expressed in terms of property ratios (experimental/control), bending strengths of the femora were significantly raised in most groups with the notable exception of Group 3 (0.500 g NaF/g PLA, 4 weeks). Cross-sectional area ratios in the distal femora were increased in all groups compared to right/left values for a normal unoperated group (p 〈 0.05), with the highest ratio being 1.50 (SD = 0.44) for Group 4 (0.500 g NaF/g PLA, 8 weeks). Only Group 4 animals showed significant (p 〈 0.05) increases in midshaft area ratio and none had responses proximally. Growth rates, measured by sequential fluorochrome labeling of bone followed the area ratio data and were only significant for the distal femora.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820230604
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of sulfated glycoconjugates on capacitation and the acrosome reaction of bovine and hamster spermatozoa (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 24 (1989), S. 403-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: heparin ; fertilization ; dextran sulfate ; fucose sulfate glycoconjugate ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effects of sulfated glycoconjugates on the preparation of mammalian sperm for fertilization were investigated. The three sulfated glycoconjugates tested were heparin, dextran sulfate, and the fucose sulfate glycoconjugate (FSG) from the sea urchin egg jelly coat. In vivo, FSG induces the acrosome reaction in sea urchin sperm. Bovine sperm were found to be capacitated by heparin and FSG as judged both by ability of lysophosphatidylcholine (LC) to induce an acrosome reaction and by ability to fertilize bovine oocytes in vitro. The mechanism by which heparin or FSG capacitated bovine sperm appeared similar, since glucose inhibited capacitation by both glycoconjugates. In contrast to effects on bovine sperm, heparin and FSG induced the acrosome reaction in capacitated hamster sperm. When hamster sperm were incubated under noncapacitating conditions, heparin had no effect on capacitation or the acrosome reaction. Three molecular weights (MW) of dextran sulfate (5,000, 8,000, 500,000) were found to capacitate bovine sperm as judged by the ability of LC to induce an acrosome reaction. Whereas bovine sperm incubated with 5,000 or 8,000 M W dextran sulfate fertilized more bovine oocytes than control sperm (P 〈0.05), sperm treated with 500,000 M W dextran sulfate failed to penetrate oocytes. The high-MW dextran sulfate appeared to interact with the zona pellucida and/or sperm to prevent sperm binding. Results suggest that sulfated glycoconjugates may prepare sperm for fertilization across a wide range of species.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120240407
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  • 4
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    An assay for circulating antibodies to a major etiologic virus of human non-A, non-B hepatitis (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-04-21
    Description: A specific assay has been developed for a blood-borne non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANBH) virus in which a polypeptide synthesized in recombinant yeast clones of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is used to capture circulating viral antibodies. HCV antibodies were detected in six of seven human sera that were shown previously to transmit NANBH to chimpanzees. Assays of ten blood transfusions in the United States that resulted in chronic NANBH revealed that there was at least one positive blood donor in nine of these cases and that all ten recipients seroconverted during their illnesses. About 80 percent of chronic, post-transfusion NANBH (PT-NANBH) patients from Italy and Japan had circulating HCV antibody; a much lower frequency (15 percent) was observed in acute, resolving infections. In addition, 58 percent of NANBH patients from the United States with no identifiable source of parenteral exposure to the virus were also positive for HCV antibody. These data indicate that HCV is a major cause of NANBH throughout the world.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kuo, G -- Choo, Q L -- Alter, H J -- Gitnick, G L -- Redeker, A G -- Purcell, R H -- Miyamura, T -- Dienstag, J L -- Alter, M J -- Stevens, C E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Apr 21;244(4902):362-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, CA 94608.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2496467" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Viral/*analysis ; Blood Donors ; Blood Transfusion ; Hepatitis C/*immunology/transmission ; Hepatitis Viruses/*immunology ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human/*immunology ; Humans ; Italy ; Japan ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Shock chemistry in the molecular clouds associated with SNR IC 443 (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Observations of several interstellar molecules toward the highly perturbed B and G clouds associated with SNR IC 443 are reported. The results suggest that hot and dense material is present in the SNR, and that shocks are present in both regions. The HCO(+) abundance is shown to be a few times greater that found in cold quiescent gas, in contradiction with previous results. The SO, CS, CN, and NH3 abundances are similar to those found in cold dark clouds.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 341; 857-866
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solvated helical backbones: X-ray diffraction study of Boc-Ala-Leu-Aib-Ala-Leu-Aib-OMe · H2O (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 28 (1989), S. 773-781 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A second example of insertion of a water molecule into the helical backbone of an apolar peptide is presented here and compared to a similar occurrence in a longer peptide with the same type of sequence of residues, i.e., Boc-Aib-(Ala-Leu-Aib)3-OMe. The backbone of the title compound assumes an approximate 310-helical form with three 4 → 1 hydrogen bonds. In the place of a fourth 4 → 1 hydrogen bond, a water molecule is inserted between O(1) and N(4), and acts as a bridge by forming hydrogen bonds N(4) … W(1) (2.95 Å) and W(1) … O(1) (2.81 Å). The water molecule participates in a third hydrogen bond with a neighboring peptide molecule, W(1) … O(4) (2.91 Å). The insertion of the water molecule causes the apolar peptide to mimic an amphiphilic helix. Crystals grown from ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (reported here) or from methanol/water solution are in space group P212121 with a = 12.024(4) Å, b = 15.714(6) Å, c = 21.411(7) Å, Z = 4 and dcalc = 1.124 g/cm3 for C32H58N6O9 · H2O. The overall agreement factor R is 6.3% for 2707 reflections observed with intensities 〉 3σ(F) and the resolution is 0.90 Å.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360280307
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Site-specific laser modification (cleavage) of oligodeoxynucleotides (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 28 (1989), S. 1129-1147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Sequence-specific photomodification of oligodeoxynucleotide pAGAGTATTGACTTA (“a target”) has been carried out with the aid of complementary fluorescent probes. Such a probe consisted of oligodeoxynucleotide pAATACTCT and a chromophore group attached to its 5′ end. Three different derivatives of ethidium bromide were used as a chromophore. The photomodification was induced by nitrogen laser radiation (337 nm, 15 MW /cm2). The irradiation induces the following photodamages: target cleavage at the specific binding site with a cutting off of the 8-mer from its 5′ end (yield up to 12%), formation of specific covalent adduct target-probe with a yield of 20-70%, and piperidine-sensitive target modifications with a 7-27% yield (for different chromophores). The total yield of specific photodamages of all kinds is 50-80%. The target cleavage and generation of piperidine-sensitive modifications are optically nonlinear processes. Piperidine treatment of the irradiated samples led to specific cleavage of the target with the yield up to 40%. All kinds of observed modifications are not influenced by high concentrations of free radical scavengers: 1.3M tBuOH and 10 mM cystamine. The pattern of cleavage indicates that the most probable position of the chromophore is between T8 and G9 of the target, i.e., the chromophore stacks on top of the last A · T base pair of the duplex. The aggregate of evidence is in agreement with the mechanism of nonlinear photomodification (the cleavage and generation of piperidine-sensitive modifications) based on the transfer of two-photon excitation energy from the chromophore to the target.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360280607
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phonon interpretation of inelastic neutron scattering in DNA crystals (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 28 (1989), S. 1189-1193 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The calculated spectrum of longitudinal compressional waves on DNA polymer chains is shown to be in excellent agreement with recently performed inelastic neutron scattering measurements in hydrated, oriented DNA crystals. This opens up a previously unexplored frequency regime of DNA science and establishes the validity of the phonon extended wave description of DNA elementary excitations in this region.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360280702
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conformational properties of 2,3-methanopyroglutamic acid in peptides: Nmr and X-ray diffraction studies (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 28 (1989), S. 123-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The effects of replacing L-pyroglutamic acid with the cyclopropane analogue 2,3-methanopyroglutamic acid (2,3-MeGlp) on conformation and enzymatic stability have been investigated in 2,3-MeGlp-NHMe and the novel thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) analogue [2,3-MeGlp1]-TRH by x-ray diffraction and nmr. While 2,3-MeGlp-NHMe adopts a folded conformation (small ψ angle) in the solid state, several conformations are available to the molecule in solution. 1H-nmr of the diastereomeric mixture [(±)-2,3-MeGlp1]-TRH indicates a close orientation of the pyrrolidone and imidazole rings. The 2,3-MeGlp-His amide bond is considerably more stable to pyroglutamate aminopeptidase than the Glp-His bond in TRH.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360280114
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conformation of bombesin in buffer and in the presence of lysolecithin micelles: Nmr, CD, and fluorescence studies (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 28 (1989), S. 441-463 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The conformation of the tetradecapeptide hormone bombesin has been studied in buffer and in the presence of lysolecithin micelles, using static and dynamic fluorescence, CD, and one- and two-dimensional nmr. The results obtained show that in buffer bombesin is present in an extended flexible chain, with no evidence for any ordered secondary structure. A marked change in the CD spectrum is observed changing from buffer to the lipid suspension. Concomitantly, the 1H-nmr spectrum of bombesin, in a D2O lipid dispersion, shows the persistence of resonances due to exchangeable protons and in similar conditions the fluorescence intensity increases. We think therefore that these results strongly support the hypothesis that bombesin interacts with the lipid phase, assuming ordered secondary structure. Finally, the marked dependence of tryptophan fluorescence quantum efficiency and order parameter from the hormone concentration in the presence of lysolecithin but not in buffer leads to the conclusion that bombesin can associate into the lipid matrix.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360280140
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