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  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (6)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (2)
  • Nature Publishing Group  (1)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • American Meteorological Society (AMS)
  • 1985-1989  (9)
  • 1989  (9)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decision Making, Scaling, and Number Crunching (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Decision sciences 20 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-5915
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The purpose of this note is to comment on the artificiality of using known scales of measurement (or conveniently improvised numbers) to make decisions. In particular, the pitfalls of trying to please the decision maker and of using normalization as a number crunching tool are discussed. Finally, an example is given to show what is needed to develop a workable and theoretically sound theory for multi-criteria decisions and to show that the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) meets these demands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1989.tb01887.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbial growth and detritus transformations during decomposition of leaf litter in a stream (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Freshwater biology 21 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SUMMARY. 1. Despite the widely accepted importance of bacteria and fungi in degrading detritus in aquatic ecosystems there is still very little quantitative information on the abundance and dynamics of these microorganisms. Using epifluorescent microscopy, we measured the biomass of bacteria and fungi during decomposition of three types of leaf detritus. Bacterial production was determined from the rate of incorporation of 3H-thymidine into DNA.2. The transformation of leaf carbon into dissolved organic carbon and fine particulate organic carbon was followed in order to compare the amounts of leaf material that were converted into these ‘end-products’ of decomposition versus the amount converted into microbial biomass.3. The amount of microbial carbon in the leaf-detritus complex never exceeded 5.2% of the total carbon, and fungal biomass was always much greater than bacterial biomass. Despite the greater standing stock of fungi, the rapid turnover of bacteria (doubling about once per day) implies that their role in degrading leaf litter or as a food source for detritivores might be as great as for fungi.4. Removal of microbial biomass from leaf litter may occur as release of fungal spores and consumption or shedding of bacterial biomass. Fungal spores can be a significant part of the fine particulate organic carbon released from leaf detritus and potentially represent an important food resource for filter-feeding organisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1989.tb01364.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of copper on species composition of benthic insects in a Sierra Nevada, California, stream (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Freshwater biology 21 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SUMMARY. 1. Effects of copper on species composition and production of benthic insects in an oligotrophic stream dosed at low concentrations (2.5-15 μg 1-1 Cur; approximately 12-75 ng 1-1 Cu2+) were determined. Dosing was initially in autumn-early winter when peak densities of many species occur. It was resumed the following summer near the time of egg hatch of most species and continued through the remaining aquatic stages of univoltine and multivoltine taxa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1989.tb01356.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SPECIALIZATION AS A MULTIDIMENSIONAL CONSTRUCT (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of management studies 26 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Specialization as an organizational level construct has received little conceptual or operational advancement since the early 1960s. Several facets of both task and person specialization are identified as part of an argument for extending the current view of specialization. The theoretical implications of this extension with regard to technology, control and organizational life cycle are proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.1989.tb00714.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties and functions of glutathione reductase in plants (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 77 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The assay and in vitro characterization of glutathione reductase (EC 1.6.4.2) is discussed. In vivo the H2O2-scavenging system in chloroplasts is the best documented role of reduced glutathione and glutathione reductase in plants. Similarly, redaction of H2O2, outside of the chloroplasts, requires glutathione and glutathione reductase; but the pathway, in terms of intermediates, is controversial. The notion that biological stress frequently causes cellular oxidation has lead to the suggestion that glutathione and glutathione reductase may play a role in stress resistance or tolerance mechanisms. The changes in glutathione reductase levels in response to low temperature, oxidative stress and drought are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1989.tb05666.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Limitations of Monitoring Wells for the Detection and Quantification of Petroleum Products in Soils and Aquifers (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water monitoring & remediation 9 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: Theoretical analysis and laboratory column experiments were carried out to investigate the conditions required for petroleum products (oil) to flow into a well installed through a sandy porous medium contaminated with the oil. The results indicated that oil would flow into a well only after a layer of “free oil” is formed in the adjacent porous medium. Because significant quantities of oil could be stored in the porous medium under the influence of capillary suction prior to the formation of the zone of free oil, the presence of oil in a well would indicate an advanced stage of oil contamination of the subsurface. While monitoring wells could be used to delineate the extent of the free-oil plume and the plume of dissolved petroleum constituents, they are not useful for delineating the extent of capillary held oil.The experimental results also indicated that the ratio of the oil-layer thickness in the well to that in the porous medium is not a constant as is sometimes assumed in practice. Further, estimates of the oil thickness in the medium based on the oil thickness in wells and on capillary properties measured in the laboratory were sensitive to the values of the parameters used in these estimates. The measured thickness of the oil layer in a monitoring well alone may not yield reliable estimates of the amount of oil in the subsurface, and assuming that the oil-thickness ratio is a constant can lead to inadequate site assessments and inappropriate remedial plans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.1989.tb01144.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reversing enzyme specificity (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 580-581 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] ON page 632 of this issue1, Lindberg and Negishi describe how a single amino-acid substitution can completely reverse the specificity of an enzyme. The enzyme in question is cytochrome P450. P450s, haem-containing proteins, catalyse the O2/NADPH-dependent hydroxylation of aromatic or aliphatic ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339580a0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prediction of DNA structure from sequence: A build-up technique (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 28 (1989), S. 1195-1222 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A build-up technique has been devised that permits prediction of DNA structure form sequence. No experimental information is employed other than the force field parameters. This strategy for dealing with the multiple minimum problem requires a supercomputer to make the necessary global searches. The number of energy minimization trials that were made for each of the 16 deoxydinucleoside monophosphate conformational building blocks of DNA was 1944. As a test case, the minimum energy conformations of d(GpC) and d(CpG) to 5.5 kcal/mole were then combined to generate energy-minimized structures for d(CpGpC). The number of trials that were made for d(CpGpC) was 3752. Minima for this single-stranded trimer to 15 kcal/mole were then employed to search for minimum energy conformations of the duplex d(CpGpC) · d(GpCpG). The number of starting conformations that were utilized at this stage was 1514. The lowest energy duplex had a Z-II-DNA conformation, followed by a B-DNA form at 1.2 kcal/mole. The A- and Z-I-forms as well as many novel Watson-Crick base-paired structures were found at higher energy. Finally, energy-minimized structures of d(CG)6 in Z-II and B-DNA conformations were computed using torsion angles from the analogous duplex trimer minima.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360280703
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of platelet-derived growth factor on bone formation in vitro (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 140 (1989), S. 530-537 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a polypeptide found in a variety of tissues, including bone, where it could act as an autologous regulator of skeletal remodeling. Therefore, a recombinant B chain homodimer of human PDGF was studied for its effects on bone formation in cultured rat calvariae. PDGF at 10-100 ng/ml stimulated [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA by up to sixfold and increased the DNA content and the number of colcemid-induced metaphase arrested cells. This effect was observed in the fibroblast and precursor cell-rich periosteum. As a result of its mitogenic actions, PDGF enhanced [3H]proline incorporation into collagen, an effect that was observed primarily in the osteoblast-rich central bone. The effect of PDGF was not specific for collagen since it also increased noncollagen protein synthesis. In addition, PDGF increased bone collagen degradation. PDGF and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I had additive effects on calvarial DNA synthesis, but PDGF opposed the stimulatory effect of IGF I on collagen synthesis and IGF I prevented the PDGF effect on collagen degradation.In conclusion, PDGF stimulates calvarial DNA synthesis which causes an increased number of collagen-synthesizing cells, but PDGF also enhances bone collagen degradation.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041400319
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