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  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (92)
  • EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING  (48)
  • 1985-1989  (140)
  • 1988  (140)
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  • 1985-1989  (140)
Year
  • 1
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    Physical properties of Uranian delta ring from a possible density wave (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: On the basis of wavelength and amplitude behavior, as well as observed feature morphology, that are indicative of a density wave, the presently studied Voyager PPS stellar occultation observations of the Uranus delta ring are held to indicate the presence of a moonlet interior to the delta ring. Lindblad resonances are calculated for all 65 discrete possible locations for this moonlet; the locations are labeled by azimuth number of the resonance associated with each location that would excite the observed density wave in the delta ring.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Icarus (ISSN 0019-1035); 76; 485-492
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Computer modeling of the mineralogy of the Martian surface, as modified by aqueous alteration (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Mineralogical constraints can be placed on the Martian surface by assuming chemical equilibria among the surface rocks, atmosphere and hypothesized percolating groundwater. A study was made of possible Martian surface mineralogy, as modified by the action of aqueous alteration, using the EQ3/6 computer codes. These codes calculate gas fugacities, aqueous speciation, ionic strength, pH, Eh and concentration and degree of mineral saturation for complex aqueous systems. Thus, these codes are also able to consider mineralogical solid solutions. These codes are able to predict the likely alteration phases which will occur as the result of weathering on the Martian surface. Knowledge of the stability conditions of these phases will then assist in the definition of the specifications for the sample canister of the proposed Martian sample return mission. The model and its results are discussed.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Inst., Workshop on Mars Sample Return Science; p 188-189
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    A precursor to the Venus bow shock (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: This paper describes the observations by the Pioneer-Venus-Orbiter Langmuir probe of the low-density Venus bow shock precursor, i.e., a region of electron and ion-current enhancements just upstream from the Venus bow shock. It is suggested that the precursor signatures represent the effects of a small population of energetic ions in this region. Several possible planetary sources of these ions are considered. The paper also discusses the Langmuir probe measurement technique itself as it applies to the very low densities of the precursor.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 93; 12735-12
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  • 4
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    Seasonal and diurnal variability of Mars water-ice clouds (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: The diurnal and seasonal behavior of cloud opacity and frequency of occurrence was studied using an atlas of cloud occurrences compiled from the Viking IRTM (Infrared Thermal Mapper) data set. It was found that in some areas the behavior of water appeared to repeat in the zonal mean. However, this interpretation is complicated by both poor coverage and the variability of dust and clouds. As a result, the extent and nature of interannual variability remains unclear.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Inst., MECA Workshop on Atmospheric H2O Observations of Earth and Mars. Physical Processes, Measurements and Interpretations; p 29-30
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  • 5
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    Intercomparison of synthetic- and real-aperture radar observations of Arctic sea ice during winter MIZEX '87 (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Active microwave measurements were made of various sea ice forms in March and April 1987 during the Marginal Ice Zone Experiment, at 1, 5, 10, 18, and 35 GHz using a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and helicopter and ship-based scatterometers. The X-band (9.8 GHz) SAR data were compared to the scatterometer data and it was determined that for 5 GHz and higher frequencies both the SAR and scatterometers can differentiate open water, new ice (5 to 30 cm), first-year ice with rubble (0.60 -1.5 m), and multiyear ice. The analysis further confirmed that the C-band (5 GHz) SAR's flying on ESA ERS-1 and Radarsat will differentiate the mentioned ice types.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: ESA, Proceedings of the 1988 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) '88 on Remote Sensing: Moving Towards the 21st Century, Volume 3; p 1419-1422
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Generation, saturation, and convection of electrostatic waves in Jupiter's shock foot (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: In this paper, a model is developed for the analysis of the electrostatic waves produced in the shock foot at Jupiter. It is shown that an ion beam instability involving the ions reflected at the shock ramp and the incoming solar-wind electrons produces waves at the observed frequencies and that saturation via orbit diffusion limits the waves to amplitudes near to what is observed. Results from a two-dimensional model of the reflected beam in the foot indicate that the waves propagate against the solar wind away from the shock ramp and are amplified up to their saturation amplitudes. The saturation results, combined with the electron temperature profile due to wave-particle interactions predicted by quasi-linear theory, reproduce a wave amplitude profile for the shock foot that is in reasonable agreement with the observations.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 93; 8483-849
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  • 7
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    Lunar surface magnetic field concentrations antipodal to young large impact basins (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Planetary electron reflection magnetometry data of the Apollo 15 and 16 subsatellites indicate the presence of major regions of strong surface magnetic fields near the antipodes of four large, young, ringed impact basins. While mechanisms yielding surface magnetic field concentrations antipodal to impact basins are not yet clear, the present results' indicated period of strong lunar magnetic fields, at between about 3.85 and 3.6 aeons, is consistent with lunar paleomagnetic sample data. The origin of the strong surface magnetic fields is discussed.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Icarus (ISSN 0019-1035); 74; 529-541
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  • 8
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    Asymmetries in the location of the Venus ionopause (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Four large data sets of Venus ionopause observations, based on different definitions and observations by Pioneer Venus Orbiter field and particle instruments, are compared. Regardless of the definition chosen, the ionopause is observed to be higher on average at dawn than at dusk. The results of an empirical ionosphere model and a data analysis technique which minimizes orbital bias are combined to show that most or all of this asymmetry results from the effects of orbital bias and uneven sampling of solar wind conditions. However, an additional asymmetry is found in which the ionopause is displaced in the direction opposite to the motional electric field of the solar wind. This effect is attributed to asymmetric pickup of exospheric ions by the electric and magnetic fields in the magnetosheath. This ion pickup interpretation can be understood in terms of a previous observed magnetosheath magnetic field asymmetry. Quantitative analysis indicates that the transverse momentum imparted by the solar plasma to pickup particles in their initial gyration is transmitted by the magnetosheath magnetic field to the ionosphere boundary.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 93; 3927-394
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  • 9
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    Wave particle interactions in the foot of the Saturnian bow shock (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Voyager 1 plasma wave data show that the quasi-perpendicular, supercritical bow shock of Saturn exhibits the same plasma wave phenomenology observed near Jupiter. Using a quasi-linear model developed for the Jovian bow shock, it is shown that plasma waves at Saturn can generate a significant portion of the totalelectron temperature jump measured across the shock. In this respect, Saturn's bow shock more closely resembles Jupiter's than the earth's, where plasma waves contribute negligibly to the total electron temperature jump.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 93; 1785-179
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Development of remote sensing techniques capable of delineating soils as an aid to soil survey (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Eighty-one benchmark soils from Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, and Mississippi were evaluated to determine the feasibility of spectrally differentiating among soil categories. Relationships among spectral properties that occur between soils and within soils were examined, using discriminant analysis. Soil spectral data were obtained from air-dried samples using an Exotech Model 20C field spectroradiometer (0.37 to 2.36 microns). Differentiating among the orders, suborders, great groups, and subgroups using reflectance spectra achieved varying percentages of accuracy. Six distinct reflectance curve forms were developed from the air-dried samples based on the shape and presence or absence of adsorption bands. Iron oxide and organic matter content were the dominant soil parameters affecting the spectral characteristics for differentiating among and between these soils.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA-CR-182610 , NAS 1.26:182610 , ACARS-123187
    Format: application/pdf
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