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  • Chemical Engineering  (96)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (50)
  • GENERAL
  • 1985-1989  (151)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1955-1959
  • 1988  (151)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 1985-1989  (151)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1955-1959
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies in suspension culture (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 32 (1988), S. 993-1000 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Monoclonal antibodies are being manufactured for clinical trials in suspension culture at the 1300-L scale. Suspension culture offers some advantages relative to high-density mammalian cell culture methods; in particular, the ability to closely monitor the behavior of cells in a homogeneous environment. Computer control and on-line mass spectrography of exit gases provide instantaneous information about the culture metabolic activity. Air sparging and agitation by marine impeller provide aeration sufficient to maintain a constant dissolved oxygen tension at cell concentrations up to 5.0 × 106 cells/mL without causing apparent cell damage.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260320807
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A microfibril-generating factor from the cellulase of Trichoderma reesei (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 31 (1988), S. 321-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A combination of ionic strength reduction and diafiltration of Trichoderma reesei cellulate complex through a hollow fiber apparatus of 5000 molecular weight (MW) cutoff and subsequent passage of filtrate over a Spherogel-TSK 3000-SW column provided extracts that had the ability to generate microfibrils in filter paper and to disrupt filter paper and corn leaf tissue. Milligram quantities of material obtained from these extracts released small amounts of soluble carbohydrate from filter paper, required ferric iron for increased activity, and contained amino acids. Short fiber formation and disruption of filter paper during interaction with these extracts was enhanced by prior acid treatment and eliminated by prior base treatment. The amount of soluble carbohydrate hydrolyzed in 24 h from filter paper by whole cellulase complex was not changed by first disrupting the substrate with the extracts.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260310407
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of the applied field on the electrical properties of metal polymer composites (1988)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Composites 9 (1988), S. 139-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The effect of filler content and applied electrical field on the electrical resistivity of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) filled with aluminum particles was investigated. The resistivity of such composite suddenly decreases by several orders of magnitude at a critical volume concentration φc. In addition, for filler contents lower than φc, the PMMA/Al composite undergoes a transition from a high to a low resistance material in correspondence of a critical value of the external applied electrical field. This value has been related to thermal breakdown occurring in the regions between conductive particles. Moreover, the permittivity spectrum as a function of frequency is reported for composites of several filler contents, and the Lal and Parshad law was used to correlate the experimental data.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.750090207
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and activity of carbonic anhydrase immobilized on porous silica beads and graphite rods (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 31 (1988), S. 796-801 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Techniques for the immobilization of bovine carbonic anhydrase (BCA) on porous silica beads and graphite are presented. Surface coverage on porous silica beads was found to be 1.5 × 10-5 mmol BCA/m2, and on graphite it was 1.7 × 10-3 mmol BCA/m2 nominal surface area. Greater than 97% (silica support) and 85% (graphite support) enzyme activity was maintained upon storage of the immobilized enzyme for 50 days in pH 8 buffer at 4°C. After 500 days storage, the porous silica bead immobilized enzyme exhibited over 70% activity. Operational stability of the enzyme on silica at 23°C and pH 8 was found to be 50% after 30 days. Catalytic activity expressed as an apparent second-order rate constant K′Enz for the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl acetate (p-NPA) catalyzed by BCA immobilized on silica beads and graphite at pH 8 and 25°C is 2.6 × 102 and 5.6 × 102 M-1s-1 respectively. The corresponding KENZ value for the free enzyme is 9.1 × 102 M-1s-1. Activity of the immobilized enzyme was found to vary with pH in such a manner that the active site pK, on the porous silica bead support is 6.75, and on graphite it is 7.41. Possible reasons for a microenvironmental influence on carbonic anhydrase pKa, are discussed. Comparison with literature data shows that the enzyme surface coverage on silica beads reported here is superior to previously reported data on silica beads and polyacrylamide gels and is comparable to an organic matrix support. Shifts in BCA-active site pKa values with support material, a lack of pH dependent activity studies in the literature, and differing criteria for reporting enzyme activity complicate literature comparisons of activity; however, immobilized BCA reported here generally exhibits comparable or greater activity than previous reports for immobilized BCA.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260310806
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer generation of reaction schemes and rate equations for thermal cracking (1988)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 34 (1988), S. 17-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Reaction schemes for the thermal cracking of paraffins, naphthenes, olefins, and aromatics, and the associated rate equations, are generated by an algorithm based upon Boolean relation matrices. In order to reduce calculation times for the heavier components, a self-learning system is introduced. This self-learning system avoids repetition of identical calculations by recognizing intermediate species, for which the reaction schemes have already been generated. The software includes routines for standardizing the representation of the species, an information retrieval system, and libraries containing the necessary information for recognition of the species and the reaction schemes for these species.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690340104
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Letters to the editor (1988)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 34 (1988), S. 1931-1936 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690341124
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flooding, holdup, and drop size measurements in a multistage column extractor (1988)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 34 (1988), S. 283-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The hydrodynamics of a pilot plant multistage mixer column extractor was studied for the toluene/water physically equilibrated system. The effects of rotational speed, and continuous and dispersed phase flow rates were investigated under a variety of operating conditions. Dispersed phase axial holdup profiles, determined by a noninvasive ultrasonic method, showed a strong nonuniformity. Depending on the operating conditons, holdup profiles can change from a concave shape to a sigmoidal form with a maximum in the bottom of the column. Sauter mean diameter and drop size distribution profiles are strongly affected by rotational speed. Significant, but weaker, are the effects of continuous and dispersed phase flow rates. Continuous monitoring of the holdup profile in the proximity of flooding leads to the formulation of proper criteria for the prediction of flooding. These criteria are appropriate for models allowing for axial variation of the holdup along the contactor.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690340212
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Errata (1988)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 34 (1988), S. 170-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690340125
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of the textural characteristics of the new silicas on the dynamic properties of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) vulcanizates (1988)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Composites 9 (1988), S. 204-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: It is possible to obtain silicas with different textural characteristics from natural silicates by means of an acid treatment, where the textural characteristics of the new silicas obtained are greatly influenced by the reaction conditions. The mechanodynamical behavior of compounds filled with these silicas and based on Styrenebutadiene rubber (SBR) matrices was studied. The influence of the textural characteristics on dynamic properties is explained in terms of the stiffness, porosity, and structure of the silica particles. Silicas obtained at drastic reaction conditions yield compounds with a higher storage modulus, E′, at low strain amplitudes, but with a lower storage modulus at high strain amplitudes. The maximum loss factor, tanδ, is a function of the silica external surface area.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.750090307
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of phenylhydrazine on red blood cell metabolism (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 6 (1988), S. 175-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Erythrocytes ; glucose metabolism ; uncleotide catabolism ; phenylhydrazine ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In addition to the well known effect of phenylhydrazine on red blood cells (methaemoglobin and Heinz body formation, autologous IgG binding, lipid peroxidation, etc.) an increased glucose utilization was observed. Measurement of 14CO2 formation from [1-14C]-glucose showed a maximum value at 2 mM phenylhydrazine followed by a progressive inhibition on increasing the drug concentration to 16 mM. Concomitantly we found a reduction in the reduced glutathione concentration but not a corresponding increase in the level of oxidized glutathione. Phenylhydrazine also causes ATP depletion. The ATP is in part dephosphorylated to ADP and AMP and in part converted to inosine monophosphate and hypoxanthine. Measurement of the cell content of reduced and oxidized pyridine nucleotides was also performed and showed a progressive increase in the reduced forms of these coenzymes. Thus phenylhydrazine promotes cellular ATP depletion followed by adenine nucleotide catabolism that is not efficiently counteracted by an increase in glucose utilization. The relevance of these data to the mechanism of phenylhydrazine-induced anemia is discussed.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290060305
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