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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Axial mixing in a reciprocating plate column with very small density gradients (1991)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 37 (1991), S. 1019-1026 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Axial dispersion coefficients have been measured in single-phase flow conditions in a 5.08-cm-dia. reciprocating plate extraction column. The measurements were done under steady-state conditions by analyzing temperature profiles (for hot and cold water mixing) and concentration profiles (for mixing of water and salt solutions). The results confirm previous published data of Holmes et al. (1991) in showing that axial dispersion is increased strongly in the unstable situation, where liquid density increases with height. The earlier work is extended to the condition where buoyant energy dissipation is exceeded by mechanical energy dissipation by four orders of magnitude. Even in this case, axial mixing is increased significantly by density gradient-induced instability. Results have been correlated by a simple equation based on a mixing length model.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690370707
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Critical impeller speed for solid suspension in mechanically agitated contactors (1988)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 34 (1988), S. 1332-1340 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Critical impeller speed for the suspension of solid particles, Ncs, has been measured in 0.3, 0.4, 0.57, 1.0, and 1.5 m ID mechanically agitated contactors. Tap water and quartz particles (100, 340, 700, 850, 2,000 μm) were used as liquid and solid phase, respectively. The impeller speed was varied from 3.5 to 13.3 r/s and solid loading from 0 to 50 wt. %. Three types of impellers were employed: disk turbine, pitched turbine downflow, and pitched turbine upflow. The impeller diameter to vessel diameter ratio was varied in the range 0.175 to 0.58 and the impeller blade width to impeller diameter ratio was varied in the range 0.25 to 0.4. The impeller clearance from the tank bottom was varied from 0.5 to 0.167 of tank diameter. The effect of impeller blade thickness was also studied.The pitched-blade impellers were found to be more efficient than a conventional disk turbine, and the pitched turbine downflow type was found to be more efficient than a pitched turbine upflow impeller. An attempt has been made to explain the mechanism of suspension on a rational basis and a correlation has been proposed for the estimation of Ncs that is expected to be useful in design.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690340811
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhancement in mass transfer due to motion of a particle: An experimental study (1988)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 34 (1988), S. 1157-1163 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The understanding of the mechanism of wall-to-bed heat and mass transfer in liquid-fluidized beds requires knowledge of the effect of the motion of individual particles on transfer processes. Experimental studies on the enhancement in mass transfer due to motion of a particle in the proximity of the transfer surface are presented. Mathematical relations based on a mechanistic model are obtained to describe the variation of the enhanced rate with time. The model parameters are correlated in terms of the particle Reynolds number, the wall-to-particle distance, and an interaction parameter that accounts for the background fluid motion. The results of this work would be of use in modeling transfer processes in other liquid-solid systems.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690340712
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The dependence of interfacial shear strength on matrix and interphase properties (1991)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Composites 12 (1991), S. 48-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Experiments were conducted to determine the dependence of the interfacial shear strength on the bulk material matrix properties using model compounds based on epoxy/amine chemistry. AS4, carbon fibers were used as the subject for these measurements with both a difunctional epoxy (DGEBA) system as well as a tetrafunctional epoxy (MY720) system. Amine curing agents were carefully chosen to produce matrices which produced a range of matrix properties from brittle, elastic to ductile, plastic. The fiber-matrix interfacial chemistry was constant throughout this study by always using a stoichiometric amount of curing agent. The results indicate that, for both the difunctional as well as the tetrafunctional epoxy system, the interfacial shear strength (as determined by the fragmentation test) decreases nonlinearly with decreasing modulus of the matrix. Linear elastic analysis yields a nearly linear relationship, for both systems, between the interfacial shear strength and the product of strain to final break and the square root of the matrix shear modulus. A linear relationship is also found between the difference in test temperature and glass transition temperature of the cured matrix and the interfacial shear strength. Additionally, the failure mode is seen to remain interfacial as the ductility of the matrix changes.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.750120108
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the distribution of reinforcement in composites by energy dispersive analysis of X-raysIPCL communication number 171. (1991)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Composites 12 (1991), S. 447-451 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A method has been developed for studying the distribution of fillers and reinforcement in polymer composites by energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX). Conventional methods for such studies are based on the morphological examination of the contrast in the micrographs, which indicates the presence and distribution of reinforcement in a matrix. However, in case of hybrid composites, where two or more fillers of similar morphology are present, the conventional methods fail. The approach described here overcomes this limitation and provides a new semiquantitative method of identification of fillers in composites, especially those containing two or more fillers of similar morphology.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.750120610
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