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  • 2010-2014
  • 2000-2004
  • 1985-1989  (30)
  • 1989  (29)
  • 1988  (1)
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  • 2010-2014
  • 2000-2004
  • 1985-1989  (30)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract At ODP Site 661 from the continental margin of Northwest Africa, authigenic clinoptilolites were investigated in detail. Based on chemical data, crystal size and shape and their intergrowth with associated mineral phases, two types of clinoptilolite (type A and B) occur representing different diagenetic conditions under which the formation of zeolites took place. Clinoptilolite type A was found in a sediment section comprises numerous hiatuses and stratigraphically condensed sediments and could have been formed during early diagenesis. In contrast, clinoptilolite type B was precipitated in Campanian sediments during later diagenesis, after the transformation from opal-A to opal-CT had taken place. At Site 661, the silica source for the authigenesis of both clinoptilolite types is biogenic opal. Volcanic ash material occurs, but in low amounts and thus is not a prerequisite for the formation of clinoptilolite at Site 661.
    Abstract: Résumé Des cristaux de clinoptilolite authigène, provenant du site ODP 661 (marge continentale nord-ouest-africaine), ont fait l'objet d'une étude détaillée par microscopie électronique, diffractométrie X et microsonde. Les données chimiques, la taille et la forme des cristaux ainsi que leur intercroissance avec d'autres phases minérales permettent de distinguer 2 types (A et B) de clinoptinolite, qui correspondent aux conditions diagénétiques différentes dans lesquelles les zéolites se sont formées. La clinoptilolite de type A a été rencontrée dans une succession de sédiments stratigraphiquement condensés; elle pourrait s'être formée au début de la diagenèse. La clinoptilolite de type B, par contre, rencontrée surtout dans les sédiments campaniens a précipité au cours des stades tardifs de la diagenèse, après la transformation de l'opale A en opale CT. Au site 661, la source de silice nécessaire à la formation authigène des deux types de clinoptilolite est constituée par l'opale biogénique. Les cendres volcaniques qui pourraient éventuellement être à l'origine de la formation de clinoptilolite, n'ont été rencontrées que dans un seul horizon et n'ont joué aucun rôle en l'occurence.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In der ODP-Bohrung 661 (Leg 108) vom Kontinentalrand vor Nordwest-Afrika wurden authigene Klinoptilolith-Kristalle mit Hilfe der Rasterelektronenmikroskopie, Röntgendiffraktometrie und Mikrosonde im Detail untersucht. Anhand der Kristallgrößen und -formen, ihren Verwachsungen mit anderen Mineralphasen und ihren chemischen Zusammensetzungen wurden 2 Klinoptilolithtypen (Typ A und B) unterschieden. Typ A wurde in stratigraphisch kondensierten Sedimenten nachgewiesen und könnte im Zuge von frühdiagenetischen Porenwasserreaktionen entstanden sein. Klinoptilolithtyp B, welcher vorwiegend in den campanen Sedimenten der ODP-Bohrung 661 vorkommt, wurde während der späteren Silikatdiagenese nach der Transformation von Opal-A in Opal-CT gebildet. Als Silikatquelle für die Kristallisation beider Klinoptilolithtypen wurden überwiegend biogene Opalskelette benutzt. Vulkanisches Aschenmaterial, welches ebenfalls ein Potential für die Klinoptilolithentstehung bildet, wurde nur in einem Horizont nachgewiesen und hatte keinen wesentlichen Einfluß auf die Klinoptilolithentstehung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1989-10-01
    Print ISSN: 0016-7835
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1149
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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  • 3
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    In:  Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results, 105 . pp. 155-170.
    Publication Date: 2016-02-15
    Description: Eocene to Holocene sediments from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 647 (Leg 105) in the southern Labrador Sea, approximately 200 km south of the Gloria Drift deposits, were investigated for their biogenic silica composition. Three sections of different diagenetic alteration products of primary siliceous components could be distinguished: (1) opal-A was recorded in the Miocene and the early Oligocene time intervals with strongly corroded siliceous skeletons in the Miocene and mostly well preserved biogenic opal in the early Oligocene; (2) opal-CT precipitation occurs between 250-440 meters below seafloor (mbsf) (earliest Oligocene to late Eocene); (3) between 620-650 mbsf (early/middle Eocene), biogenic opal was transformed to clay minerals by authigenesis of smectites. Using accumulation rates of biogenic opal, paleoproductivity was estimated for the early Oligocene to late Eocene interval. A maximum productivity of biogenic silica probably occurred between 35.5 and 34.5 Ma (early Oligocene). No evidence for opal sedimentation during most of middle Eocene was found. However, at the early/middle Eocene boundary (around 52 Ma), increased opal fluxes were documented by diagenetic alteration products of siliceous skeletons.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2020-07-30
    Description: At ODP Site 661 from the continental margin of Northwest Africa, authigenic clinoptilolites were investigated in detail. Based on chemical data, crystal size and shape and their intergrowth with associated mineral phases, two types of clinoptilolite (type A and B) occur representing different diagenetic conditions under which the formation of zeolites took place. Clinoptilolite type A was found in a sediment section comprises numerous hiatuses and stratigraphically condensed sediments and could have been formed during early diagenesis. In contrast, clinoptilolite type B was precipitated in Campanian sediments during later diagenesis, after the transformation from opal-A to opal-CT had taken place. At Site 661, the silica source for the authigenesis of both clinoptilolite types is biogenic opal. Volcanic ash material occurs, but in low amounts and thus is not a prerequisite for the formation of clinoptilolite at Site 661.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2016-06-28
    Description: Drilling at ODP Sites 642 and 643 revealed a 250 m-thick section of diatomaceous Pliocene to Miocene sediments on the outer Velring Plateau, eastern Norwegian Sea. These biogenic silica-rich sediments have a significantly lower saturated bulk density than the surrounding sediments, causing a decrease in acoustic impedance, which is seismically expressed as a negative polarity reflection. Variations in sonic velocity, the other key parameter in seismic analysis, is only of secondary importance in creating impedance contrasts in our study. Synthetic seismograms were produced from shipboard physical property measurements corrected for in situ conditions. These synthetic seismograms are in good agreement (:s6 m) with high-resolution air-gun seismic profiles shot during extensive seismic surveys on the Velring Plateau and provide the basis for CQrrelations between the seismic record and the borehole. The ability to unambiguously identify seismic horizons associated with biogenic silica deposits on the Velring Plateau will permit the mapping of Miocene productivity patterns.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 6
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    In:  (PhD/ Doctoral thesis), Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany, 221 pp . Berichte aus dem Sonderforschungsbereich 313, Sedimentation im Europäischen Nordmeer, 9 .
    Publication Date: 2019-02-15
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 7
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    In:  Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results, 105 . pp. 137-154.
    Publication Date: 2019-05-08
    Description: Authigenic carbonates were recovered in lower to middle Eocene claystones at Ocean Drilling Program Site 647 in the Labrador Sea. Detailed chemical, petrographic, and X-ray investigations reveal that these diagenetic carbonates have a complex mineralogical composition. At least five different carbonate phases are identified: calcium-rich rhodochrosite, rhodochrosite, manganosiderite, siderite, and calcite. Manganese carbonates are the dominant carbonate phases formed throughout the section. Textural analyses show two major generations of carbonate formation. Early cementation of micritic carbonate in burrow structures was followed by carbonate cementation forming microsparry to sparry crystals. At approximately 620 meters below seafloor (mbsf), three concretions of iron carbonates occur, which indicates a special pore-water chemistry. Thin section analyses from this level show (1) several generations of diagenetic carbonates, (2) widespread secondary cavity formation in burrow structures, and (3) various cement precipitations in voids. We suggest that this level represents a hiatus or highly condensed sequence, as indicated by (1) the low carbonate content in host sediments, (2) carbonate dissolution reflected by the high ratio of benthic to planktonic foraminifers, and (3) complex diagenetic alteration in the carbonate concretions. Iron and manganese enrichments observed in lithologic Unit IV may have been derived from a hydrothermal source at the adjacent, then active, Labrador Sea mid-ocean ridge. Authigenic smectites forming numerous pseudomorphs of siliceous microfossils are precipitated in burrow structures. We propose that diagenetic smectite formation from biogenic opal and iron oxyhydroxide (analogous to smectite formation in surface sediments of the East Pacific area) occurred in the Labrador Sea during the early and middle Eocene.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 8
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Henrich, Rüdiger; Wolf, Thomas C W; Bohrmann, Gerhard; Thiede, Jörn (1989): Cenozoic paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic changes in the northern hemisphere revealed by variability of coarse-fraction composition in sediments from the Vøring Plateau-ODP Leg 104 drill sites. In: Eldholm, O; Thiede, J; Taylor, E; et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 104, 75-188, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.104.196.1989
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Coarse-fraction studies of sediments recovered during ODP Leg 104 are used to reconstruct paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic environments on a time scale of 0.1 to 0.5 m.y. for the past 20 Ma. These investigations suggest that relatively warm climates and isolated deep water conditions prevailed prior to 13.6 Ma and between 5.6-4.8 Ma. The first major deep water outflow from the Norwegian-Greenland Sea into the North Atlantic took place at about 13.6 Ma. Progressive cooling linked to increased deep water renewal in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea appears to have occurred between 13.6-5.6 Ma and 4.8-3.1 Ma. A major onset of ice-rafted debris is recorded at 2.56 Ma. Terrigenous coarsefraction components show important fluctuations with two major peaks during the past 0.8 Ma.
    Keywords: 104-642B; 104-642D; 104-643A; 104-644A; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg104; Norwegian Sea; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 15 datasets
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  • 9
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bohrmann, Gerhard; Stein, Ruediger (1989): Biogenic silica at ODP Site 647 in the southern Labrador Sea: occurrence, diagenesis, and paleoceanographic implications. In: Srivastava, SP; Arthur, M; Clement, B; et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 105, 155-170, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.105.121.1989
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Eocene to Holocene sediments from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 647 (Leg 105) in the southern Labrador Sea, approximately 200 km south of the Gloria Drift deposits, were investigated for their biogenic silica composition. Three sections of different diagenetic alteration products of primary siliceous components could be distinguished: (1) opal-A was recorded in the Miocene and the early Oligocene time intervals with strongly corroded siliceous skeletons in the Miocene and mostly well preserved biogenic opal in the early Oligocene; (2) opal-CT precipitation occurs between 250-440 meters below seafloor (mbsf) (earliest Oligocene to late Eocene); (3) between 620-650 mbsf (early/middle Eocene), biogenic opal was transformed to clay minerals by authigenesis of smectites. Using accumulation rates of biogenic opal, paleoproductivity was estimated for the early Oligocene to late Eocene interval. A maximum productivity of biogenic silica probably occurred between 35.5 and 34.5 Ma (early Oligocene). No evidence for opal sedimentation during most of middle Eocene was found. However, at the early/middle Eocene boundary (around 52 Ma), increased opal fluxes were documented by diagenetic alteration products of siliceous skeletons.
    Keywords: 105-647A; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg105; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; South Atlantic Ocean
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 10
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bohrmann, Gerhard; Stein, Ruediger; Faugeres, Jean-Claude (1989): Authigenic zeolites and their relation to silica diagenesis in ODP Site 661sediments (Leg 108, Eastern Equatorial Atlantic). Geologische Rundschau, 78(3), 779-792, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01829322
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: At ODP Site 661 from the continental margin of Northwest Africa, authigenic clinoptilolites were investigated in detail. Based on chemical data, crystal size and shape and their intergrowth with associated mineral phases, two types of clinoptilolite (type A and B) occur representing different diagenetic conditions under which the formation of zeolites took place. Clinoptilolite type A was found in a sediment section comprises numerous hiatuses and stratigraphically condensed sediments and could have been formed during early diagenesis. In contrast, clinoptilolite type B was precipitated in Campanian sediments during later diagenesis, after the transformation from opal-A to opal-CT had taken place. At Site 661, the silica source for the authigenesis of both clinoptilolite types is biogenic opal. Volcanic ash material occurs, but in low amounts and thus is not a prerequisite for the formation of clinoptilolite at Site 661.
    Keywords: 108-661A; Aluminium; Aluminium oxide; Calcium; Calcium/Potassium ratio; Calcium oxide; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Electron microprobe (EMP); Iron; Iron oxide, Fe2O3; Joides Resolution; Leg108; Magnesium; Magnesium oxide; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Potassium; Potassium oxide; Sample code/label; Sample code/label 2; Silicon; Silicon/Aluminium ratio; Silicon dioxide; Sodium; Sodium oxide; South Atlantic Ocean
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 108 data points
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