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  • 1
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Extensive networks of metastable ions link the major peaks in the electron impact mass spectra of two crown ethers containing 2,6-pyrido units. High-resolution mass measurements and the metastable peaks allow the elucidation of the fragmentation pathways. The spectra are influenced more by the presence of aromatic substituents than by the 2,6-pyrido units.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 26 (1987), S. S161 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The time course of a noise signal is not completely random, since it is coupled to the characteristic dynamical behavior of the physical system that produces the noise. The statistical properties of the noise may thus be very informative about the properties of the noise-generating system. The use of the autocorrelation function, of modified autocorrelation functions that show directionality with respect to the time axis, and of probability density-distribution functions of intervals in noise traces are discussed. Thus, by labeling specific points on polymer chain molecules by suitable chormophores between which excitation energy transfer may occur and by analyzing the autocorrelation function of the fluctuations in the emitted fluorescence under steady illumination, one may characterize the internal dynamics of the polymer molecules. It is also shown that the presence or absence of time directionality in noise traces, as tested with the help of some of the above-mentioned statistical functions, may demonstrate whether the noise-generating system is at thermodynamic equilibrium or whether irreversible processes are coupled to the dynamic changes that produce the noise signals.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 34 (1987), S. 2681-2687 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Series of suspension copolymerization of vinyl chloride with various contents of 1-butene and 1-pentene (5-30 mass%) were carried out under the same reaction conditions. By applying a method which utilizes periodic sampling of heterogeneous reaction mixture from the reactor during the reaction and a gas chromatographic determination of unreacted vinyl chloride in the sample, the conversion curves of vinyl chloride were determined and the initial reaction rates were compared.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 25 (1987), S. 285-297 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and conductivity of pristine and iodine-doped PPMQ were studied. The pristine polymer EPR signal exhibited a Lorentzian line shape. Unpaired spin density measurements indicated that the spin concentrations of the undoped polymer lie in the range of one spin per 150-190 repeat units at room temperature. The peak-to-peak width doubled, the line shape became asymmetric and the spin concentration in the polymer increased slightly after doping with iodine. EPR saturation experiments show that the spin lattice relaxation time T1 is sensitive to trace impurity. Considerable reduction of T1 after doping with iodine shows strong coupling between the spin system and N-iodonium nucleus. Conductivity increases up to 5 orders of magnitude by iodine doping; at room temperature, the best value found was 0.017 S/cm. The activation energy for conductance after doping is about half that of pristine polymer.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 25 (1987), S. 711-717 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Some regularities of radical alternating copolymerization of maleic anhydride with allyl chloroacetate are studied. The formation of donor-acceptor complexes between comonomers with complexing constant Kc = 0.052 L/mol is found using 1H NMR spectroscopy. The kinetic parameters for this copolymerization reaction are found and the quantitative contribution of monomer complexes to chain-growth radical reactions is calculated. It is shown that either a “free-monomer” mechanism (dilute solutions) or a “mixed” mechanism (concentrated solutions) prevails for chain growth during radical copolymerization depending on total monomer concentration. It is found that inhibition of degradative chain transfer in the course of the reaction studied takes place owing to the presence of α-chlorine atom in the allyl chloracetate molecule and formation of charge transfer complex.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 25 (1987), S. 299-309 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2,6-Diaminotoluene was reacted with 3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde in acidic medium and the intermediate polymer was further condensed in polyphosphoric acid at high temperature (335°C) to obtain a soluble heterocyclic ladder polymer, poly[4-(3-pyridyl),8-methyl,2,3-6,7-quinolino] (PPMQ). The molecular weight of the intermediate polymer depended on the reaction temperature and the rate of reactant addition. The NMR spectra of the intermediate polymer indicated that a linear polymer with resonable molecular weight was formed. Element analysis and IR spectra confirmed the structure of the final polymer.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 30 (1987), S. 1077-1083 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 29 (1987), S. 358-360 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The yeast Trichosporon beigelii produced the highest amount of biomass when grown in chemical-defined medium with a ratio of carbon source to nitrogen source of 30:1. On the other hand, carbon-limited medium (C-N ratio 2:1) enhanced unsaturated fatty acids synthesis. The yeast efficiently converted unsalted whey lactose to biomass, while sodium chloride in whey raised lactose assimilation to single-cell oil (SCO).
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 30 (1987), S. 1032-1040 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Penicillin V and/or G were extracted from fermentation broth by Amberlite LA-2 in n-butylacetate at pH 5 in a laboratory centrifugal extractor, Type SA 01 of Westfalia, up to an overall phase throughput rate of 30 L/h, in a bench-scale four-stage extraction system, consisting of Type TA 1 of Westfalia, up to an overall phase throughput rate of 110 L/h, and in a pilot-plant three-stage extraction unit, consisting of Type TA 7 extractors of Westfalia, up to a phase throughput rate of 990 L/h with very high degrees of extraction (up to 99%). The reextraction from the ion-pair complex, which contained organic solvent, was performed by phosphate, borate, or carbonate buffer at pH 7.5-8.5 in all three extractor systems with degrees of extraction up to 98%, but at considerably lower overall phase throughput rates than those of the extraction, since no satisfactory phase separation is possible at higher throughput rates.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 33 (1987), S. 1776-1780 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: It is shown that the solubility of organic solids in binary mixtures of partially miscible liquids is singular at the immiscibility critical point. The theoretically predicted maximum of solubility in the vicinity of the critical point is found experimentally. The effect is similar to the phenomenon observed near the gas-liquid critical point. The similarity of these two critical phenomena may have interesting technical applications and may provide guidelines for identifying promising new solvents for separation processes.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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