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  • ASTROPHYSICS  (172)
  • EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING  (43)
  • ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
  • METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
  • 1985-1989  (264)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1970-1974
  • 1945-1949
  • 1987  (264)
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  • 1985-1989  (264)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1970-1974
  • 1945-1949
Year
  • 1
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    X-rays from the radio halo of M87 (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The Einstein Observatory and the VLA were used to scan the radio halo of the galaxy M87 to detect the presence, if any, of inverse Compton X-ray (ICX) emissions. The scans revealed a coincidence of an asymmetrical X-ray structure with a luminosity near 4 x 10 to the 41st ergs/sec and dominant symmetrical emission from the hot interstellar gas. The emission can be attributed to ICX if the magnetic field of the proposed halo varies between 3-8 times below equipartition levels of 2-5 micro-gauss, which would imply that the confinement is produced by an outside medium. The necessary characteristics of the confining mechanism are discussed.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 312; 101-110
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Airborne and groundbased spectrophotometry of comet P/Halley from 5-13 micrometers (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Spectrophotometry of comet Halley from 5-13 microns was obtained from the Kuiper Airborne Observatory and from the Lick Observatory Nickel Telescope, revealing a strong broad emission band at 10 microns and a weak feature at 6.8 microns. The 10-micron band is identified with silicate materials, and the primary component of the silicate emission is suggested to be due to olivine. The 6.8 micron feature may be due either to carbonates or the C-H deformation mode in organic molecules. The data indicate that small particles are abundant in the coma and that the dust contains at least two physically separate components. Significant spatial and temporal variations are also noted in the spectrum.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astronomy and Astrophysics (ISSN 0004-6361); 187; 1-2
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  • 3
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    Characterizing forest stands with multi-incidence angle and multi-polarized SAR data (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The potential for using HH-polarized L-band SAR data obtained at different incidence angles from satellite altitudes to identify and map different forest cover types and stand density classes is studied. Reasonably accurate results are obtained if the speckle characteristics of the data are suppressed by low-pass spatial filters and a contextual classification algorithm. Multipolarized L-band SAR data obtained from aircraft altitudes over the same test site are also analyzed to assess the relationships between polarization and forest stand characteristics. It is found that incidence angle controls, to a very large extent, the characteristics of the data and the type of information that can be obtained from L-band, HH-polarized satellite SAR data. Cross-polarization of L-band SAR data enhances and differentiates various forest stand characteristics which cannot be defined using only the like-polarized data, and vice-versa.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Advances in Space Research (ISSN 0273-1177); 7; 11 1
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  • 4
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    Estimation of X-band scattering properties of tree components (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: An X-band FM-CW very fine range resolution scatterometer was used to acquire backscattering data for a number of tree species. Using a model to describe the scattering source function and an experimental procedure for selected removal of plant parts allows the estimation of the volume backscatter coefficient and the volume extinction coefficient. It is found that: (1) leaves are strong attenuators as well as scatterers; (2) the albedo at a given angle of incidence is nearly independent of the tree type; (3) the tree limbs are good attenuators but rather poor scatterers; and (4) the albedo changes as a function of the angle of incidence and for deciduous trees is also a function of the season.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
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  • 5
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    Extraction of spectral hemispherical reflectance (albedo) of surfaces from nadir and directional reflectance data (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A radiative transfer model is used to investigate how the error of spectral hemispherical reflectance data obtained from nadir reflectance values varies with wavelength, solar zenith angle, leaf area index, and leaf orientation distribution. Several techniques employing multiple off-nadir view angles taken in azimuth planes are found to accurately infer spectral hemispherical reflectances, and to be well suited to sensor systems that scan in a known azimuth plane or view fore and aft in a known azimuth plane. The effects of errors in hemispherical reflectance on terrestrial energy budget and productivity calculations is also considered.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: International Journal of Remote Sensing (ISSN 0143-1161); 8; 1727-174
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  • 6
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    Perovskite oxides: Oxygen electrocatalysis and bulk structure (1987)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Perovskite type oxides were considered for use as oxygen reduction and generation electrocatalysts in alkaline electrolytes. Perovskite stability and electrocatalytic activity are studied along with possible relationships of the latter with the bulk solid state properties. A series of compounds of the type LaFe(x)Ni1(-x)O3 was used as a model system to gain information on the possible relationships between surface catalytic activity and bulk structure. Hydrogen peroxide decomposition rate constants were measured for these compounds. Ex situ Mossbauer effect spectroscopy (MES), and magnetic susceptibility measurements were used to study the solid state properties. X ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to examine the surface. MES has indicated the presence of a paramagnetic to magnetically ordered phase transition for values of x between 0.4 and 0.5. A correlation was found between the values of the MES isomer shift and the catalytic activity for peroxide decomposition. Thus, the catalytic activity can be correlated to the d-electron density for the transition metal cations.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-Lewis Research Center, Space Electrochemical Research and Technology (SERT); p 221-23
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  • 7
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    Collisional and dynamical processes in moon and planet formation (1987)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Research on a variety of dynamical processes relevant to the formation of planets, satellites and ring systems is discussed. The main focus is on studies of accretionary formation of early protoplanets using a numerical model, structures and evolution of ring systems and individual bodies within planetary rings, and theories of lunar origin.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA, Washington, Reports of Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program, 1986; p 112-114
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  • 8
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    Radiation damage of gallium arsenide production cells (1987)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: High efficiency liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) gallium arsenide cells were irradiated with 1 Mev electrons up to fluences of 1 times 10 to the 16th power cm-2. Measurements of spectral response and dark and illuminated I-V data were made at each fluence and then, using computer codes, the experimental data was fitted to gallium arsenide cell models. In this way it was possible to determine the extent of the damage, and hence damage coefficients in both the emitter and base of the cell.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Research Center, Space Photovoltaic Research and Technology 1986. High Efficiency, Space Environment and Array Technology; p 213-222
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  • 9
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    New dimension analyses with error analysis for quaking aspen and black spruce (1987)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Dimension analysis for black spruce in wetland stands and trembling aspen are reported, including new approaches in error analysis. Biomass estimates for sacrificed trees have standard errors of 1 to 3%; standard errors for leaf areas are 10 to 20%. Bole biomass estimation accounts for most of the error for biomass, while estimation of branch characteristics and area/weight ratios accounts for the leaf area error. Error analysis provides insight for cost effective design of future analyses. Predictive equations for biomass and leaf area, with empirically derived estimators of prediction error, are given. Systematic prediction errors for small aspen trees and for leaf area of spruce from different site-types suggest a need for different predictive models within species. Predictive equations are compared with published equations; significant differences may be due to species responses to regional or site differences. Proportional contributions of component biomass in aspen change in ways related to tree size and stand development. Spruce maintains comparatively constant proportions with size, but shows changes corresponding to site. This suggests greater morphological plasticity of aspen and significance for spruce of nutrient conditions.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA-TM-89219 , NAS 1.15:89219
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  • 10
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    AC impedance study of degradation of porous nickel battery electrodes (1987)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: AC impedance spectra of porous nickel battery electrodes were recorded periodically during charge/discharge cycling in concentrated KOH solution at various temperatures. A transmission line model (TLM) was adopted to represent the impedance of the porous electrodes, and various model parameters were adjusted in a curve fitting routine to reproduce the experimental impedances. Degradation processes were deduced from changes in model parameters with electrode cycling time. In developing the TLM, impedance spectra of planar (nonporous) electrodes were used to represent the pore wall and backing plate interfacial impedances. These data were measured over a range of potentials and temperatures, and an equivalent circuit model was adopted to represent the planar electrode data. Cyclic voltammetry was used to study the characteristics of the oxygen evolution reaction on planar nickel electrodes during charging, since oxygen evolution can affect battery electrode charging efficiency and ultimately electrode cycle life if the overpotential for oxygen evolution is sufficiently low.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-Lewis Research Center, Space Electrochemical Research and Technology (SERT); p 257-28
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